东昆仑野马泉铁矿相关花岗质岩体年代学、地球化学及Hf同位素特征
Geochronology, geochemistry and Hf isotopic compositions of the granitic rocks related with iron mineralization in Yemaquan deposit, East Kunlun, NW China
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摘要: 野马泉大型铁多金属矿床位于东昆仑造山带祁漫塔格地区，矿区发育大量与铁多金属成矿关系密切的花岗质岩体。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年表明北矿带隐伏二长花岗岩、花岗闪长岩年龄分别为393±2Ma、386±1Ma；南矿带斑状石英二长闪长岩、正长花岗岩年龄为219±1Ma、213±1Ma，分别为早-中泥盆世和晚三叠世岩浆活动的产物。早-中泥盆世花岗闪长岩与二长花岗岩均为高钾钙碱性，A/CNK值（0.92~1.01）δEu为0.60~0.81），明显亏损P、Nb、Ta、Ti、Sr、Ba等，富集LREE、Rb、Th、U、K等，显示了I型花岗岩的特征。晚三叠世斑状石英二长闪长岩含有少量角闪石，A/CNK值（0.88~0.95）δEu为0.49~0.67），富集Rb、U、Th、K等大离子亲石元素，亏损P、Nb、Ta、Ti、Sr、Ba等，具有I型花岗岩的特征；正长花岗岩高硅（SiO2=77.20%~78.13%）、富碱（K2O+Na2O=7.91%~8.27%）、贫铝（Al2O3=11.71%~12.18%）、贫钙（CaO=0.90%~1.01%），富集LREE、Y、Zr、Hf、Th、U、Ga等，强烈亏损Ba、Sr、P、Ti、Eu，具强烈的负Eu异常（δEu为0.08~0.13），显示弱过铝质A型花岗岩的特征。锆石Hf同位素组成表明，早-中二叠世岩体的εHf（t）为-3.3~6.2，晚三叠世岩体的εHf（t）为-6.3~5.5，显示在成岩过程中有地幔组分的参与。综合研究认为，野马泉矿区早-中泥盆世、晚三叠世岩体分别形成于早古生代构造-岩浆旋回的碰撞-后碰撞阶段和晚古生代-早中生代构造-岩浆旋回的碰撞-后碰撞阶段，可能是由地幔底侵古老陆壳，幔源基性岩浆与壳源花岗质岩浆发生不同程度混合作用而生成，壳幔物质交换为区内大规模铁铜铅锌多金属矿化提供大量成矿物质。Abstract: The large-scale Yemaquan iron polymetallic deposit is located in Qimantage, East Kunlun, and the granitic rocks are closely related with iron polymetallic mineralization. The results of LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb isotope dating reveal that monzogranite and granodiorite in the north ore district were formed in 393±2Ma and 386±1Ma respectively, while porphyritic quartz monzonitic diorite and syenogranite in the south ore district were formed in 219±1Ma and 213±1Ma respectively. Major and trace element data of the Early-Middle Devonian monzogranite and granodiorite show the similar characteristics, with high K calc-alkaline, A/CNK (0.92~1.01) δEu=0.60~0.81), depleted in P, Nb, Ta, Ti, Sr and Ba, enriched in LREE, Rb, Th, U and K, all of which imply they may be the I-type granite series. The Late Triassic porphyritic quartz monzonite diorites are I-type granites, characterized by A/CNK (0.88~0.95)δEu=0.49~0.67), rich LILEs such as Rb, U, Th and K, depleted HFSEs such as P, Nb, Ta, Ti, Sr and Ba. Chemical analyses show the Late Triassic syenogranite has high SiO2(77.20%~78.13%), high alkaline (K2O+Na2O=7.91%~8.27%), low Al2O3(11.71%~12.18%), low CaO (0.90%~1.01%), enriched in LREE, Y, Zr, Hf, Th, U and Ga, depleted in Ba, Sr, P, Ti, Eu, strong negative Eu anomalies (δEu=0.08~0.13). These characteristics suggest the syenogranites are typical A-type granites. The εHf(t) values of the Early-Middle Devonian monzogranite and granodiorite vary from -3.3 to 6.2, and the εHf(t) values of Late Triassic syenogranite and porphyritic quartz monzonitic diorite range from -6.3 to 5.5. The similar Hf isotopic compositions indicate a significiant involvement of mantle components in petrogenesis. It is suggested that the Early-Middle Devonian and Late Triassic magmatic rocks in Yemaquan deposit might be formed by underplating and magma mixing in the Early Paleozoic and Late Paleozoic to Early Mesozoic collision-post collision stage respectively. The magma mixing provides a large number of ore-forming materials for large-scale polymetallic mineralizations.
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Key words:
- Geochemistry /
- Geochronology /
- Hf isotopes /
- Granitoids /
- Yemaquan iron deposit /
- East Kunlun Mountain
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