赣南八仙脑破碎带型钨锡多金属矿床成矿流体和年代学研究

丰成友; 王松; 曾载淋; 张德全; 李大新; 佘宏全

赣南八仙脑破碎带型钨锡多金属矿床成矿流体和年代学研究

- 1.
  中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所,国土资源部成矿作用与资源评价重点实验室，北京 100037
- 2.
  中煤地质工程总公司，北京 100073
- 3.
  江西省地勘局赣南地质调查大队，赣州 341000
基金项目:
本文受国家自然科学基金项目(40772063)、国土资源部"百人计划"项目(200809)和中国地质调查局地质调查项目(1212010561603-2)联合资助.

详细信息

作者简介:
丰成友，男，1971年生，博士，研究员，主要从事矿床地质、地球化学研究，E-mail：fengchy@yahoo.com.cn

中图分类号: P618.44; P618.67; P597.3

收稿日期: 2011-08-01

修回日期: 2011-11-25

刊出日期: 2012-01-01

Fluid inclusion and chronology studies of Baxiannao mineralized fractured zone-type tungsten polymetallic deposit, southern Jiangxi Province, China

- 1.
  MLR Key Labaratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Resource Assessment, Institute of Mineral Resources, CAGS, Beijing 100037, China
- 2.
  China Coal Geology Engineering Corporation, Beijing 100073, China
- 3.
  South Jiangxi Geological Survey Party of JBEDGMR, Ganzhou 341000, China

Received Date: 01 August 2011

Revised Date: 25 November 2011

Publish Date: 01 January 2012

摘要

摘要:
八仙脑矿床为赣南近年确认的较为典型的破碎带型钨锡多金属矿床。本文通过流体包裹体岩相学、显微测温、氢、氧同位素和年代学研究，探讨了八仙脑钨矿成矿流体来源及演化、成岩成矿时代和形成构造环境。结果表明，流体包裹体以液体包裹体为主，含少量CO₂包裹体，流体具低(150~170℃和200~220℃)、中(250~270℃)和高(290~310℃)等不同的显微测温峰，显示出多期次流体活动相互叠加的特征，成矿流体为低盐度、低密度的H₂O-CO₂-NaCl体系。矿石中石英的δD为-78‰~-65‰，δ¹⁸O_H₂O为4.33‰~6.44‰，表明成矿流体以岩浆水为主并有大气降水的混合。利用SHRIMP锆石U-Pb法和辉钼矿Re-Os等时线法，分别获得八仙脑矿区成矿黑云母花岗岩和破碎蚀变带中黑钨矿-石英脉的形成年龄为157.2±2.2Ma和157.9±1.5Ma，成岩成矿年龄一致，均为晚侏罗世。结合区域最新研究成果，认为赣南钨矿形成于华南中生代岩石圈伸展时期的侏罗纪板内拉张环境的地球动力学背景，为同一成岩成矿系统的产物。
- 破碎带型钨矿 /
- 成矿流体 /
- SHRIMP锆石U-Pb测年 /
- 辉钼矿Re-Os同位素测年 /
- 八仙脑 /
- 赣南
Abstract:
Baxiannao is a typical mineralized fractured zone-type W-Sn polymetallic deposit which was discovered recently. Based on detailed petrographic observations and microthermometric studies of fluid inclusion, hydrogen and oxygen isotopes and radiometric dating, this paper studied the origin and evolution of the ore-forming fluid, ages of tungsten mineralization and petrogenesis and tectonic environment of this deposit. The results show that the fluid inclusions are mainly of H₂O-NaCl type with minor CO₂ type. The homogenization temperature peaks of low (150~170℃, 200~220℃), medium (250~270℃) and high (290~310℃) indicate multistage fluid activities. The ore-forming fluid is a type of low-salinity, low-density H₂O-CO₂-NaCl system. The δD values of fluids from fluid inclusions in quartz vary from -78‰ to -65‰, δ¹⁸O_H₂O values of quartz from the ore change from 4.33‰ to 6.44‰, suggesting the ore-forming fluid was derived mainly from magmatic water and was mixed by meteoric water. The dating of zircon from biotite granite determined by SHRIMP yields an age of 157.2±2.2Ma. Re-Os isotopic dating of molybdenite from the Baxiannao fractured zone-type tungsten deposit by ICP-MS yield an isochron age of 157.9±1.5Ma, which is consistent with diagenetic age of biotite granite. Combined with those available from the literature, it can be concluded that tungsten mineralization occurred at the same geodynamic background that is Jurassic intraplate extensional environment during the large-scale extension period of lithosphere in southern China.
- Fractured zone-type tungsten deposit /
- Ore-forming fluid /
- SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating /
- Molybdenite Re-Os isotopic dating /
- Baxiannao /
- Southern Jiangxi Province

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图 1

赣南钨矿成矿带、矿集区及大中型矿床分布图(据江西省地勘局赣南地质调查大队，2004^①)

Figure 1.

Schematic distribution map of major large- and medium-sized tungsten-tin deposits in South Jiangxi Province

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图 2

八仙脑钨锡多金属矿床地质简图(据江西地勘局赣南地质大队，2004)

Figure 2.

Schematic geological map of the Baxiannao W-Sn polymetallic deposit

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图 3

八仙脑矿区石英细脉带型钨矿化地质剖面图

Figure 3.

Geologic section in the Baxiannao W-Sn deposit，showing quartz veinlet-type tungsten-tin mineralization

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图 4

八仙脑和老庵里钨矿流体包裹体显微照片

Figure 4.

Fluid inclusion micro-photos of Baxiannao and Lao’anli deposits

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图 5

八仙脑(a)和老庵里(b)钨矿石英流体包裹体均一温度直方图

Figure 5.

Histograms showing microthermometric measurements of fluid inclusions in quartz from Baxiannao(a)and Lao’anli(b)deposits

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图 6

八仙脑和老庵里钨矿石英流体包裹体均一温度和盐度关系图

Figure 6.

Homogenization temperature vs salinity diagram of fluid inclusions from Baxiannao and Lao’anli deposit

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图 7

八仙脑和老庵里钨矿石英流体包裹体δD-δ¹⁸O关系图(岩浆水和变质水范围据Taylor，1979)

Figure 7.

δD-δ¹⁸O diagram of quartz fluid inclusions from Baxiannao and Lao’anli deposits(after Taylor，1979)

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图 8

中-粗粒黑云母花岗岩中锆石的阴极发光图像及测点位置

Figure 8.

Cathodoluminescence images of zircon and site of analyzed point in the biotite granite

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图 9

黑云母花岗岩(BXN01)中锆石SHRIMP U-Pb谐和图

Figure 9.

SHRIMP U-Pb concordia diagram of zircon in the biotite granite

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图 10

八仙脑钨矿辉钼矿Re-Os等时线年龄

Figure 10.

Molybdenite Re-Os isochron of the Baxiannao deposit

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表 1

八仙脑和老庵里钨矿石英流体包裹体特征及显微测温结果表

Table 1.

Characteristics and microthermometric data of fluid inclusions in quartz from Baxiannao and Lao’anli deposits

矿床	样品号	岩性	主矿物	包裹体特征				盐度(wt%NaCleqv)		均一温度 (℃)
矿床	样品号	岩性	主矿物	类型	形态	大小 (m)	气液比 (%)	冰点 (℃)	盐度	均一温度 (℃)
八仙脑	BZK39-1-7	ZK39-1钻孔194.7m处，被方铅矿闪锌矿黄铜矿等胶结的黑钨矿-石英脉	石英	L	椭圆形	4~10	5	-0.1~-0.2	0.18~0.35	210~220
				L	负晶形	6~12	10	-2.8~-3.0	4.65~4.96	254~270
				V-L	负晶形	12~20	20~30	-3.4~-3.6	5.56~5.86	292~310
				纯CO₂	椭圆形	20~30	70~80			Th_CO₂→L，30.7
	Bxl-3	V₂矿脉，含锡石、黄铜矿、磁黄铁矿多金属硫化物石英脉矿石	石英	L	椭圆形	6~12	10	-0.1~-0.2	0.18~0.35	225~238
				V-L	负晶形	6~10	15	-1.6~-1.8	2.74~3.06	266~272
				V-L	负晶形	10~26	20~30	-3.0~-3.3	4.96~5.41	306~315
	Bxl-6	V₃矿脉，EW走向梳状硫化物-石英脉	石英	L	椭圆形	6~12	5	-0.1	0.18	150~171
				L	椭圆形	4~8	10	-1.3~-1.5	2.24~2.57	201~225
				V-L	负晶形	5~16	13	-2.2	3.71	248~255
	Bxl-12	V₇矿脉，NW走向白色石英脉	石英	L	椭圆形	6~10	5	-0.1~-0.2	0.18~0.35	150~178
				L	负晶形	6~8	10	-0.2~-0.3	0.35~0.53	191~204
				V-L	负晶形	6~10	13	-2.1~-2.2	3.55~3.71	251~260
	Bxl-17	含黑钨矿、黄铜矿白色石英脉	石英	L	椭圆形	6~8	5	-0.1	0.18	162~179
				L	负晶形	6~10	13	-0.2~-0.5	0.35~0.88	194~217
				V-L	负晶形	12~20	20	-1.1~-1.3	1.91~2.24	298~305
老庵里	Lal-4	多金属硫化物矿石	石英	L	椭圆形	5~10	5	-0.1~-0.2	0.18~0.35	164~171
				L	负晶形	6~12	10	-1.8~-1.9	3.06~3.23	196~210
				V-L	负晶形	8~15	15	-2.3~-2.5	3.87~4.18	258~271
				V-L	负晶形	5~10	20~30	-2.3~-2.6	3.87~4.34	292~305
	Lal-9	含少量黑钨矿白色石英脉	石英	L	椭圆形	3~8	5	-0.1	0.18	158~165
				L	负晶形	5~10	10	-1.5~-1.8	2.57~3.06	196~225
				V-L	负晶形	6~10	15	-3.3~-3.5	5.41~5.71	258~271
				CO₂	负晶形	5~12	20~30	CO₂笼形物熔化温度 +6.5~+7.0	5.77~6.63	298~312 Th_CO₂→L，23.1
	Lal-13	块状闪锌矿黄铜矿石	石英	L	椭圆形	3~8	5	-0.1	0.18	144~181
				L	负晶形	4~10	10	-1.8~-2.0	3.06~3.39	210~224
				V-L	负晶形	5~12	15	-3.1~-3.8	5.11~6.16	261~274
				V-L	负晶形	4~8	20			298~301

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表 2

八仙脑和老庵里钨矿石英流体包裹体H、O同位素测试结果

Table 2.

Hydrogen and oxygen isotopic compositions of Baxiannao and Lao’anli deposits

矿床	样品号	产状	δ¹⁸O_石英(‰)	δ¹⁸O_水(‰)	δD_水(‰)
八仙脑	Bxl-3	V₂矿脉，含锡石、黄铜矿、磁黄铁矿多金属硫化物石英脉矿石	12.2	5.93	-78
	Bxl-6	V₃矿脉，EW走向梳状硫化物-石英脉	12.9	4.33	-69
	Bxl-12	V₇矿脉，NW走向白色石英脉	3.90	-4.59	-87
	Bxl-17	含黑钨矿、黄铜矿白色石英脉	13.3	6.34	-66
	BZK39-1-7	ZK39-1钻孔194.7m处，被方铅矿闪锌矿黄铜矿等胶结的黑钨矿-石英脉	13.4	6.44	-78
老庵里	Lal-4	多金属硫化物矿石	12.4	5.44	-65
	Lal-9	含少量黑钨矿白色石英脉	11.4	4.45	-74
	Lal-13	块状闪锌矿黄铜矿石	12.7	5.74	-74
注：中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所同位素室测试，采用的分馏方程为1000lna_石英-水=3.38×10⁶T^-2-3.4(Clayton，1972)，δ¹⁸O_H₂O计算时的温度取值主要根据流体包裹体均一测温

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表 3

八仙脑和老庵里钨锡多金属矿床石英流体包裹体气、液相成分分析结果

Table 3.

Vapor and liquid components of quartz fluid inclusions from Baxiannao and Lao’anli deposits

样品号	产状	气相成分(%)							液相成分(×10^-6)
样品号	产状	CH₄	C₂H₂	C₂H₆	CO₂	H₂O	O₂	N₂	Na⁺	K⁺	Mg²⁺	Ca²⁺	F^-	Cl^-	NO₃^-	SO₄^2-
Bxl-3	多金属硫化物石英脉矿石	0.0315	0.0014	0.0003	4.946	88.415	0.128	6.478	1.439	1.598	0.169	0.246	0.046	2.141	0.174	2.315
Bxl-6	EW走向梳状硫化物 -石英脉	0.0139	0.0030	0.0006	2.419	95.762	0.083	1.719	1.908	2.430	0	0.348	0.087	2.332	0.190	1.653
Lal-4	多金属硫化物矿石	0.0671	0.0031	0.0016	9.244	79.060	0.174	11.450	2.229	0.821	0.249	0.699	0.042	5.458	0.169	1.477
注：中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所杨丹测试，取样温度：100~600℃，测试仪器：气相成分为日本岛津公司GC2010气相色谱仪及澳大利亚SGE公司热爆裂炉；液相成分为日本岛津公司Shimadzu HIC-SP Super 离子色谱仪

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表 4

八仙脑钨锡多金属矿床黑云母花岗岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb测年结果

Table 4.

Zircon SHRIMP dating of biotite granite in the Baxiannao W-Sn-polymetallic deposit

测点号	²⁰⁶Pb_c (%)	U (×10^-6)	Th (×10^-6)		²⁰⁶Pb^* (×10^-6)		±%		±%		±%	年龄(Ma)
1.1	0.24	749	774	1.07	15.6	0.0509	2.7	0.1697	3.1	0.02418	1.3	154.0±2.0
2.1	1.03	343	281	0.84	7.61	0.0487	9.1	0.171	9.3	0.02551	1.5	162.4±2.4
3.1	1.67	225	87	0.40	5.05	0.0574	11	0.203	11	0.02565	1.6	163.3±2.6
4.1	0.02	269	113	0.43	5.87	0.0546	6.8	0.191	6.9	0.02542	1.5	161.8±2.4
5.1	1.00	275	205	0.77	5.99	0.0522	5.9	0.180	6.1	0.02507	1.5	159.6±2.3
6.1	0.30	1009	421	0.43	20.7	0.0484	2.6	0.1590	2.9	0.02384	1.3	151.9±2.0
7.1	0.85	448	214	0.49	9.57	0.0463	5.7	0.1575	5.8	0.02464	1.4	156.9±2.2
8.1	1.13	246	124	0.52	5.22	0.0457	11	0.154	11	0.02438	1.6	155.3±2.4
9.1	1.30	191	124	0.67	3.73	0.0559	7.6	0.173	7.8	0.02243	1.6	143.0±2.2
10.1	0.54	297	110	0.38	6.34	0.0498	4.9	0.1695	5.1	0.02468	1.4	157.2±2.2
11.1	0.91	202	116	0.59	4.32	0.0508	11	0.173	11	0.02465	2.0	157.0±3.1
12.1	0.36	335	213	0.66	6.94	0.0520	6.5	0.172	6.7	0.02402	1.4	153.0±2.2
13.1	0.24	935	302	0.33	19.8	0.0489	2.7	0.1659	3.0	0.02463	1.3	156.9±2.0
14.1	0.07	254	111	0.45	5.48	0.0544	9.1	0.188	9.3	0.02512	1.6	160.0±2.5
注：表内误差为1σ，Pb_c和Pb^*分别表示普通铅和放射性成因铅，数据用²⁰⁴Pb校正

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表 5

八仙脑钨锡多金属矿床辉钼矿的Re-Os同位素测试结果

Table 5.

Results of Re-Os isotopic analyses of molybdenite from Baxiannao W-Sn-polymetallic deposit

样品号	样重 (g)	Re(×10^-9)		普Os(×10^-9)		¹⁸⁷Re(×10^-9)		¹⁸⁷Os(×10^-9)		模式年龄
样品号	样重 (g)	测定值	2σ	测定值	2σ	测定值	2σ	测定值	2σ	年龄(Ma)	2σ
BXN02	0.202	2608	20	0.0145	0.0018	1639	13	4.29	0.04	156.9	2.2
BXN03	0.300	690.2	6.5	0.0099	0.0006	433.8	4.1	1.14	0.01	158.2	2.3
BXN04	0.200	2472	19	0.0647	0.0039	1554	12	4.09	0.03	157.8	2.2
BXN05	0.101	2338	19	0.1222	0.0055	1470	12	3.88	0.03	158.1	2.3
BXN07	0.101	2279	19	0.1470	0.0024	1432	12	3.81	0.03	159.4	2.3
注：数据由国家地质实验测试中心Re-Os同位素实验室测试；普Os是按¹⁹²Os/¹⁹⁰Os比值根据Nier值进行计算的

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赣南八仙脑破碎带型钨锡多金属矿床成矿流体和年代学研究

作者简介: 丰成友，男，1971年生，博士，研究员，主要从事矿床地质、地球化学研究，E-mail：fengchy@yahoo.com.cn

Fluid inclusion and chronology studies of Baxiannao mineralized fractured zone-type tungsten polymetallic deposit, southern Jiangxi Province, China

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作者简介:
丰成友，男，1971年生，博士，研究员，主要从事矿床地质、地球化学研究，E-mail：fengchy@yahoo.com.cn