A primary study of the Jilin-Heilongjiang high-pressure metamorphic belt: Evidence and tectonic implications
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摘要:
本文定义的吉林-黑龙江高压变质带是指我国东北地区佳木斯-兴凯地块西缘和南缘共同发育的呈弧形展布的高压变质带，具体包括佳木斯-兴凯地块西缘增生杂岩带(黑龙江蓝片岩带和张广才-小兴安岭增生杂岩带)和佳木斯-兴凯地块南缘的长春-延吉增生杂岩带。其中佳木斯-兴凯地块西缘增生杂岩带形成于晚三叠-早侏罗世(180~210Ma)，为佳木斯-兴凯地块向西冲增生而形成的高压变质带；而长春-延吉增生杂岩带由一系列特征性俯冲-增生杂岩组成，包括石头口门-烟筒山红帘石片岩带、呼兰群变质杂岩、色洛河群变质杂岩、青龙村群变质杂岩和开山屯变质杂岩等，形成时代为187~230Ma，峰期为220~230Ma。长春-延吉增生杂岩带曾被认为是西拉木伦河断裂带的东延部分，但是区域构造分析表明，它们形成的动力学背景与佳木斯-兴凯地块西缘增生杂岩带相同，均为太平洋板块三叠纪-早侏罗世的西向俯冲导致佳木斯-兴凯地块自东向西的“剪刀式”闭合过程。我们将佳木斯-兴凯地块西缘和南缘发育的三叠纪-早侏罗世增生杂岩带作为统一的构造单元来考虑，结合该区发育有典型的高压变质带，因此命名为“吉林-黑龙江高压变质带，简称吉黑高压带”。吉黑高压带形成于太平洋板块三叠纪-早侏罗世的西向俯冲导致佳木斯-兴凯地块自东向西的“剪刀式”闭合的过程，同时该带记录了古亚洲构造域的结束和太平洋俯冲开始的关键时期，为两大构造域叠加与转换的关键性地质证据。
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关键词:
- 吉林-黑龙江高压变质带 /
- 黑龙江蓝片岩带 /
- 张广才岭-小兴安岭增生杂岩带 /
- 长春-延吉增生杂岩带 /
- 太平洋板块俯冲 /
- 中亚造山带
Abstract:Jilin-Heilongjiang high-pressure metamorphic belt (Ji-Hei HP Belt), around western and southern margin of the Jiamusi-Khanka block, is the high-pressure metamorphic belt with the accretionary complex due to the subduction of the Jiamusi-Khanka block with the Songliao and North China blocks. The Ji-Hei HP Belt consists of the western accretionary complex belt to the west, and the Changchun-Yanji accretionary complex belt to the south. The western accretionary complex belt consista of Heilongjiang blueschist belt and Zhangguangcai-Xiaoxingan Range complex belt. This belt under greenschist to blueschist facies conditions ware between 180Ma and 210Ma, following collision between the Jiamusi-Khanka and Songliao blocks. In contract, the Changchun-Yanji accretionary complex belt consists of subduction-accretion complex, including Shitoukouman-Yantongshan piemontiteschist, Hulan metamorphic complex, Seluohe metamorphic complex, Qinglongcun metamorphic complex and Kaishantun metamorphic complex. The timing for the greenschist to blueschist facies of the Jilin-Yanji accretionary complex belt ware between 187Ma and 230Ma, with pack age at 220~230Ma. The Ji-Hei HP Belt did not result from subduction between the Siberia and North China cratons, but instead was due to subduction of the Pacific Ocean from the east. The Latest Triassic is thus the time when major north-south subduction in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) had ceased and westward-directed Pacific Ocean plate subduction commenced in NE China.
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图 1
中国东北及俄罗斯远东地区构造地质单元划分简图(据Zhou et al., 2009修改)
Figure 1.
Tectonic sub-divisions of Northeast China and Far East Russia (after Zhou et al., 2009)
图 2
吉黑高压变质带构造地质简图
Figure 2.
The tectonic map of the Jilin-Heilongjiang high-pressure metamorphic belt
图 3
佳木斯-兴凯地块西缘增生杂岩的Ar-Ar, Rb-Sr和锆石U-Pb年龄
Figure 3.
Ar-Ar, Rb-Sr and zircon U-Pb data from the western margin accretionary complex belt of the Jiamusi-Khanka Block
图 4
吉林-延吉增生杂岩带的Ar-Ar和锆石U-Pb年龄
Figure 4.
Ar-Ar and zircon U-Pb data of the Jilin-Yanji accrectionary complex belt, NE China
图 5
东北地区岩石圈厚度等值线图(据张兴洲等，1998)
Figure 5.
The isogram of the Lithosphere thickness of NE China (after Zhang et al., 1998)
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