Paleo-Tethys system and accretionary orogen in the Tibet Plateau
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摘要:
青藏高原古特提斯体系的特征表现为古特提斯洋盆中多条状地体的存在，多俯冲、多岛弧增生体系的形成和多地体汇聚、碰撞造山的动力学环境，其构架包括4条代表古特提斯洋壳残片的蛇绿岩或蛇绿混杂岩(昆南-阿尼玛卿蛇绿岩带、金沙江-哀牢山-松马蛇绿岩带、羌中-澜沧江-昌宁-孟连蛇绿岩带和松多蛇绿岩带)、5条火山岩浆岛弧带(布尔汗布达岛弧岩浆带、义敦火山岩浆岛弧带、江达-绿春火山岛弧带、东达山-云县火山岛弧带和左贡-临沧岛弧-碰撞岩浆带)、4个陆块或地体(松潘-甘孜地体、羌北-昌都-思茅地体、羌南-保山地体)、3条洋壳深俯冲形成的高压-超高压变质带(金沙江得荣高压变质带、龙木错-双湖高压变质带、松多高(超) 压变质带)，以及5条弧前增生楔或增生杂岩(西秦岭增生楔、巴颜喀拉-松潘-甘孜增生楔、金沙江增生楔、双湖-聂荣-吉塘-临沧增生楔、松多增生杂岩)。古特提斯洋盆的俯冲增生造山作用普遍存在于青藏高原古特提斯复合造山体中，构成与多条古特提斯蛇绿岩带(缝合带) 相伴随的俯冲增生杂岩带(链)。古特提斯俯冲增生杂岩带包括由弧前强烈变形的沉积增生楔、以及高压变质岩、岛弧岩浆岩、蛇绿岩和外来岩块组成的混杂体，代表在洋盆俯冲过程中的活动陆缘的地壳增生。
Abstract:The Paleo-Tethys system in the Tibet Plateau formed under environment of multi-ocean basins, micro-terrains (ribben continents), island arcs, subductions and collisions. Its architectures include four ophiolite or ophiolitic mélange belts representing Paleo-Tethys oceanic crustal relics (South Kunlun-Animaqen ophiolite zone, Jinshajiang-Ailaoshan-Songma ophiolite zone, Central Qiangtang-Lancangjiang-Changning Menglian ophiolite zone and Songduo ophiolite zone), five volcanic magmatic island arcs (Bulhanbuda arc, Yidun arc, Jiangda-Luchun arc, Dongdashan-Yunxian arc, Zuogong-Lincang arc-collision), four terrains (Songpan-Ganze terrain, North Qiangtang-Changdu-Simao terrain and South Qiangtang-Baoshan-Sibumasu terrain), three HP-UHP metamorphic belts (Derong HP belt, Longmu Tso-Shuanghu HP belt, Songduo UHP-HP belt), as well as five forearc accretionary wedges (AW) or accretionary complex belts (West Qinling AW, Bayan Har-Songpan Gangze AW, Jinshajiang AW, Shuanghu-Nierong -Jitang-Lincang AW and Songduo AW). The subduction-accretionary orogens constructed by multi Paleo-Tethys subductions-accretional complexes, were widespreadly recorded in the Paleo-Tethys composive orogeinic belts of the Tibet Plateau. The Paleo-Tethys subduction-accretional complexes including arc front sediment accretional wedges of strong deformation and exotic blocks composed of ophiolites, HP metamorphic rocks and island arc magmatic rocks, which indicate crustal accretion of active continental margin during Paleo-tethys oceanic subduction processes.
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Key words:
- Tibet Plateau /
- Paleo-Tethys system /
- Subduction-accretional orogen
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图 1
日本Tonanki俯冲带和Nankai俯冲带的地震波速度构造(据Wells et al. 2003)
Figure 1.
Seismic velocity structure of the Tonanki subduction zone and the Nankai subduction zone (after Wells et al., 2003)
图 2
全球晚古生代-中生代板块重建(据Stampfli and Borel, 2002)
Figure 2.
Global plate reconstruction during Late Paleozoic-Mesozoic (after Stampfli and Borel, 2002)
图 3
东南亚古特提斯地体与缝合带的分布图(据Metcalfe, 2006修改)
Figure 3.
Map showing distribution of Paleo-Tethys terrains and suture zones in the SE Asia (modifield after Metcalfe, 2006)
图 4
青藏高原特提斯地体、缝合带与增生楔体系分布图
Figure 4.
Map showing distribution of Tethys terrains, suture zones and accretion wedge in the Tibet Plateau
图 5
西秦岭增生楔构造示意图(据闫臻等，2012修改)
Figure 5.
Schematic tectonic map of the western Qingling accretional wedge (modifield after Yan et al., 2012)
图 6
金沙江北段古特提斯蛇绿岩带、义敦岛弧与俯冲增生杂岩带分布图(据许志琴等，1992；潘桂棠和丁俊，2004修改)
Figure 6.
Distribution map of the Paleo-Tethys ophiolitic zone and subduction-accretional complex in the northern Jingshajiang area (after Xu et al., 1992; Pang and Ding, 2004)
图 7
与古特提斯中拉萨洋盆俯冲相关的松多-墨竹工卡增生杂岩带
Figure 7.
Map showing "Songdu-Mozugongka"accretional complex related to Paleo-Tethys oceanic subduction
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Li JG, Wang KZ, Li 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