斑岩铜矿的源岩或源区探讨
Approach on source rock or source region of porphyry copper deposits
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摘要: 世界斑岩铜矿主要产于中亚-蒙古带,环太平洋带和特提斯带,上述三个地带分别为古生代、中新生代和新生代聚合板块最活跃的地区。还有少数斑岩铜矿产于前寒武纪造山带,推测类似的板块聚合的地质环境可能从前寒武纪就开始了。作者结合斑岩铜矿产出的地质环境分析,利用大量锶初始值、εNd(t),εSr(t)和REE等资料,说明成矿斑岩的源岩或源区与大洋玄武岩(或亏损上地幔)比较接近。由此推测成矿斑岩主要是洋壳或上地幔部分熔融的产物,但也有部分下地壳混合的证据。斑岩铜矿带在空间上与活动大陆边缘相吻合,与板块缝合带相伴生(产于板块缝合带的上盘);在时间上从洋壳俯冲(Subduction)到陆陆碰撞造山过程(Continent-continent collision orogeny)都有斑岩铜矿产生,因此,它们贯穿活动大陆边缘增生到岩石圈折沉整个过程。
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Key words:
- Porphyry copper /
- Source rock /
- Source region
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