甘肃黑石山早古生代埃达克质岩的发现及其构造动力学意义
Early Paleozoic adakitic rocks in Heishishan, Gansu and their significance for tectonodynamics
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摘要: 笔者近期在甘肃黑石山地区早古生代火成岩的研究中发现了埃达克质岩．埃达克质岩的岩石类型为奥长花岗岩、花岗闪长岩及花岗斑岩，侵入于北祁连东段的白银陆缘弧火山岩中．岩石具高Sr低Y，Sr／Y〉40：富钠贫钾（Na2O／K2O〉2），富SiO2但含量变化不大；富集LREE，亏损重稀土元素．La／Yb〉20，无Eu负异常或轻微正异常（δEu=1．0～1．19），与典型的俯冲板块熔融的埃达克岩比较．黑石山埃达克质岩具有更高的SiO2含量和更低的MgO、Mg#（～46）、Cr（均11．6μg／g）、Ni（均6．52μg／g），未显示出初始埃达克质熔体与地幔橄榄岩明显的交代过程，因而不大可能由俯冲板块直接熔融形成的；与中国东部燕山期高钾钙碱性埃达克岩相比，具有较高的Na2O（Na2O〉4．0％；Na2O／K2O=1．97～2．59），但类似Cordilera Blanca岩基的（非板片熔融成因的埃达克质岩），推测形成于加厚的陆缘弧中基性下地壳的部分熔融黑石山埃达克质岩的发现表明，在早古生代晚期，北祁连东段经历了洋盆闭合、板块碰撞、陆缘弧地壳加厚、玄武质岩浆底侵作用及下地壳再造作用的构造演化过程。同时指出，在本区寻找与埃达克质岩有关的斑岩型铜、金矿可能是一个新的有希望的找矿方向。
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Key words:
- Adakitic Rocks /
- Tectonodynamics /
- Mineralization /
- Early Paleozoic /
- Heishishan /
- Gansu
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