新疆晚古生代大陆边缘成矿系统与成矿区带初步探讨
Metallogenic systems and belts developed on the late Paleozoic continental margin in Xinjiang.
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摘要: 新疆地处中亚成矿域的中段，古生代大陆边缘增生明显、构造和岩浆活动强烈、矿产资源丰富。古生代大陆边缘成矿作用主要集中在两个时期，即以阿尔泰南缘为主的早中泥盆世和以天山为主的早石炭世。本文在综合研究及与境外对比的基础上，按照北疆地区晚古生代大陆边缘的构造动力学和成矿特征，将研究区大陆边缘成矿系统划分为：活动大陆边缘海相火山岩-盆地流体成矿系统，活动大陆边缘火山岛弧-岩浆活动成矿系统和被动大陆边缘沉积盆地-热水活动成矿系统三类。同时对形成于大陆边缘的成矿区带进行划分，主要包括：阿勒泰南缘晚古生代活动大陆边缘块状硫化物成矿带；阿尔泰南缘-东准噶尔活动大陆边缘卡拉先格尔岛弧斑岩铜金成矿带；东天山晚古生代活动大陆边缘铜钼锌成矿区带；西准噶尔洋内弧斑岩-浅成低温热液铜金成矿区带；西天山（伊犁地块）活动大陆边缘金铜成矿区带；塔里木板块被动大陆边缘沉积型铅锌成矿带。本文认为大陆增生与成矿作用的关系是矿床学和成矿系统研究的重要内容，成矿区带是成矿系统发生成矿作用的响应，而成矿系统是成矿区带形成的本质。Abstract: The northern Xinjiang,located in centre position of Central Asia orogenic belt(CAOB),are characterized by intense continent accretion,tectonic and magma activity,abundant mineral resources in late Paleozoic.The metallogenic processes on the continental margin in late Paleozoic have two main stages including early-middle Devonian and early Carboniferous.Based on studies of regional geology and tectonic evolution,mineralization type of metal deposits,the metallogenic systems on late Paleozoic continent margin are divided into three types:(1)marine volcanics-basin-fluids system in active continent margin ;(2)arc volcanic-intrusive system in active margin;(3)sediment basin-hydrothermal activity system in passive continent margin.On the basis of the metallogenie systems, metallogenic belts in northern Xinjiang are divided into:(1)volcanic massive sulfide(VMS-type)metallogenic belt in late Paleozoic active continent margin,southern Altaid ;(2)porphyry copper-gold metallogenic belt in Almantai-Kalaxianer arc,southern Altaid-eastern Junggar;(3)porphyry Cu and volcanic hydrothermal Cu-Zn(Fe)metallogenic belt in active continent margin,eastern Tianshan; (4)porphyry Cu and hydrothermal Au metallogenic belt in intra-oceanic subduction,western Junggar;(5)porphyry Cu and hydrothermal Au metallogenic belt in active continent margin,western Tianshan;(6)SEDEX-type Pb-Zn-Cu metallogenic belt in passive continent margin of northwestern Tarim basin.This paper suggest that large and giant ore deposits can reflect the geologic and tectonic evolution,relations between the continent accretion and metallogenic processes are main researching contents of metallogenic system.
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