Mantle sources and magma genesis of Quaternary volcanic rocks in the Halaha River and Chaoer River area, Great Xing’an Range
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摘要:
哈拉哈河-绰尔河第四纪火山地处重力梯度带上的大兴安岭中段。火山岩主要类型为钠质系列碱性橄榄玄武岩。火山岩大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素相对富集，轻重稀土分异程度弱((La/Yb)N=8~12)，稀土元素和微量元素配分曲线与大同碱性玄武岩平行，总体上表现出与OIB相似的特征。在Sr-Nd-Pb同位素组成特征上表现出亏损地幔的特点(εNd=4.8~5.9)，接近MORB的源区范围。哈拉哈河-绰尔河第四纪火山岩岩浆由轻稀土富集的石榴子石二辉橄榄岩低程度(8%~15%)部分熔融产生，火山岩高MgO(>9%)、Ni(>200×10-6)和Mg#(60~70)，表明它们是较原始的岩浆，岩浆上升过程经历了橄榄石和辉石为主的弱分离结晶作用，没有受到地壳物质明显混染。区域伸展作用引发软流圈地幔上涌是哈拉哈河-绰尔河第四纪火山的岩浆成因。
Abstract:The Halaha River and Chaoer River volcanic field (HC for short)，middle of the Great Xing’an Range，is in the north of the North-South Gravity Lineament in eastern China.The volcanic rocks in HC，dominated by alkali olivine basalts in sodium series，is characterized by relative enrichment in large ion lithophile elements and light rare earth elements.The fractionation of rare earth element of the basalts is weak((La/Yb)N =8~12). They resemble alkali basalts in Datong，as shown by trace elements distribution patterns，and generally exhibit OIB-like characteristics.The basalts show nearly homogeneous Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic compostition similar to MORB source and present depleted mantle characteristics(εNd=4.8~5.9).All data show that bsalts of HC have a garnet lherzolite mantle source，low degree partial melting(8%~15%)in which results in the primitive magma.Crystal fractionation of olivine and pyroxene from the magma is weak and seldom contamination by the crust rocks happens during the magma ascending，which resulting the volcanic rocks with high MgO content(>9%)，Ni content(>200×10-6)and Mg value(60~70).Regional extension triggers asthenospheric upwelling，which may lead to the genesis of magma and subsequent volcanism.
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图 2
哈拉哈河-绰尔河第四纪火山岩TAS图(据Le Bas et al., 1986；大同数据引自Xu et al., 2005)
Figure 2.
Total alkalis versus SiO2 (after Le Bas et al., 1986；Data of Datong after Xu et al., 2005)
图 3
研究区第四纪火山岩Na2O-K2O图 (据Middlemost，1975)
Figure 3.
Variation of Na2O versus K2O (after Middlemost，1975)
图 4
研究区第四纪火山岩MgO-主量元素Harker图解
Figure 4.
Variation of SiO2，CaO，TiO2，K2O，Na2O and Al2O3 versus MgO for the studyed samples
图 5
研究区第四纪火山岩球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分模式(球粒陨石标准值据Nakamura, 1974; 大同数据引自Xu et al., 2005)
Figure 5.
Chondrite-normalized REE patterns for the basalts in the study area(normalization values after Nakamura, 1974; Datong data after Xu et al., 2005)
图 6
研究区第四纪火山岩原始地幔标准化微量元素分布模式(原始地幔数据引自Hofmann，1988；大同数据引自Xu et al., 2005)
Figure 6.
Primitive mantle-normalized trace element diagrams for the basalts in the study area(normalization values after Hofmann, 1988; Datong data after Xu et al., 2005)
图 7
Ce-Ce/Pb，Nb-Nb/U，La/Nb-Ba/Nb变化图(MORB，OIB，EMI，EMII数据引自Hofmann et al., 1986；Weaver, 1991；Liu et al., 1994)
Figure 7.
Ce versus Ce/Pb，Nb versus Nb/U and La/Nb versus Ba/Nb diagrams (MORB，OIB，EMI and EMII data after Hofmann et al., 1986；Weaver, 1991；Liu et al., 1994)
图 8
研究区火山岩MgO-微量元素变化图
Figure 8.
Variation diagrams of MgO versus Ni, Co, V and Cr for the basalts in the studying area
图 9
研究区第四纪火山岩Sr-Nd同位素分布(区外数据引自White et al., 1987；Mahoney et al., 1989；Wilson，1989；支霞臣和冯家麟，1992； Xu et al., 2005)
Figure 9.
Variation of 87Sr/86Sr versus 143Nd/144Nd of the basalts in the study area(Data after White et al., 1987；Mahoney et al., 1989；Wilson，1989；Zhi and Feng, 1992; Xu et al., 2005)
图 10
哈拉哈河-绰尔河玄武岩206Pb/204Pb-208Pb/204Pb和207Pb/204Pb变化图(区外数据来源于Peng et al., 1986；White et al., 1987；Mahoney et al., 1989；支霞臣和冯家麟，1992；Barry and Kent, 1998；马金龙，2003)
Figure 10.
206Pb/204Pb versus 208Pb/204Pb and 207Pb/204Pb diagrams for the basalts in the study area(Data after Peng et al., 1986；White et al., 1987；Mahoney et al., 1989；Zhi and Feng, 1992；Barry and Kent, 1998；Ma，2003)
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