准噶尔北部希勒库都克斑岩钼铜矿床地质与成矿流体
Geology and ore-forming fluids of Xilekuduke porphyry Cu-Mo deposit in nothern Junggar
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摘要: 希勒库都克斑岩铜钼矿床铜钼矿化与安山玢岩脉、英安玢岩脉有关，蚀变有钾长石化、绢云母化、绿帘石化等，向外发育绿泥石化、深部发育夕卡岩型蚀变。浅部以钼矿化为主，向深部铜钼矿化并存。与典型的斑岩型矿床相比，其石英中流体包裹体少而小，气体包裹体少，含CO2包裹体及含子矿物包裹体发育，子矿物以NaCl为主，基本不出现KCl子矿物。钼富集处出现了富CO2流体的沸腾，铜富集处出现了成群分布的含大子矿物包裹体，沸腾消失。钼的成矿主要与富CO2成矿流体沸腾及斑岩型蚀变和夕卡岩蚀变有关，钼主要源于地壳，成矿温度为280~530℃，集中在300~400℃左右。铜主要与直接从深源基性岩浆出溶的高盐度流体及夕卡岩型蚀变有关，铜主要源于上地幔，主要成矿温度低于350℃。晚期流体的成矿温度为180~300℃左右。希勒库都克矿床成矿流体特征反映了壳源与幔源流体混合、岩浆热液与天水混合的特征。Abstract: The Cu-Mo mineralization of Xilekuduke porphyry Cu-Mo deposits in northern Junggar is related with veins of andesite porphyrite and dacite porphyrite. The alterations include K-feldspar alteration, sericitization, epidotization, the chlorite is developed outward and skarnization is developed in the deep. Mo mineralizations dominate in the shallow and Cu-Mo mineralizations in the deep. Quartz veins from Xilekuduke porphyry Cu-Mo deposit contain fewer fluid inclusions in quantity and smaller in size, also fewer gas inclusions and more CO2 gas inclusions and daughter mineral inclusions than the typical porphyry Cu-Mo deposits. Further more, the daughter minerals in Xilekuduke porphyry Cu-Mo deposits mainly are NaCl but not KCl. There occur more boiling CO2-rich fluids in the molybdenum-rich region, but more inclusions bearing big daughter minerals without any boiling inclusions in the chalcopyrite-concentrated region. The mineralization of molybdenum chiefly related with the boiling of CO2-rich fluids, porphyry alteration and skarn alteration. Molybdenum mainly originates from the crust, and copper is mainly related with the high-salinity magmatic fluid that directly exsoluted from the melting of basic magma and skarn alteration, it chiefly originates from the upper mantle. The mineralization temperature ranges of molybdenum is from 280 to 530℃, mostly between 300~400℃. The late mineralization temperature is between 180~300℃, and that of copper mineralization is below 350℃. The characteristics of the ore-forming fluid reflect the features of the fluid mixing between the crust source and the mantle source and the mixing of magmatic hydrothermal fluids and the meteoric water.
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Key words:
- Porphyry /
- Xilekuduke Cu-Mo deposit /
- Fluid inclusion /
- Fluid mixing /
- Nothern Junggar
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