| 西北内陆河流域水循环和生态演变与功能保障机制研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈喜,黄日超,黄峰,刘秀强,张阳阳,张润润.西北内陆河流域水循环和生态演变与功能保障机制研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2022,49(5):12-21. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈喜 黄日超 黄峰 刘秀强 张阳阳 张润润 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.天津大学地球系统科学学院, 天津 300072 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFC0406101）；国家自然科学基金联合基金项目（U21A2004） |
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| 摘 要： | 在气候变化、生态保护以及水资源调控影响下，西北内陆河流域水循环和生态环境状态发生了显著改变，迫切需要解答气候变化对植被恢复和产水量的影响，调水和压采等措施下地下水水位动态、管控指标及其对生态环境的维持机制。为此，文章阐述了内陆河流域气候-植被-土壤-水文相互作用机理以及上中下游演变状况。针对上游产水区，提出了山区气候变...
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| 关 键 词： | 内陆河流域 水循环 生态地下水水位 生态输水 水资源配置 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-03-06 |
A comprehensive study of the maintaining mechanisms for hydrological cycle and ecological evolution and function in the northwest inland river basins of China |
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| Affiliation: | 1.School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China2.Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China3.Tianjin Key Laboratory of Earth Critical Zone Science and Sustainable Development in Bohai Rim, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China4.State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China |
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| Abstract: | In recent decades, the hydrological cycle, ecology and environment of the inland river basins in northwest China have been significantly changed due to climate change and implementations of the ecological protection and water division projects. It is necessary to investigate how climate change affects vegetation restoration and runoff generation, and how groundwater table variation and its controlling index maintain ecology and environment under the inter-basin water diversion and reduction of groundwater withdrawal. In this study, we illustrate the mechanism of climate-vegetation-soil-hydrology interactions and their evolutions in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the catchments. For the upper reaches, we propose a method of simulation and prediction of mountain vegetation and hydrological changes under climate warming and wetting. When the method is applied in the Shiyang River basin, the results demonstrate that increase of efficient water use can reduce vegetation recover induced evaporation (thus runoff reduction). In the oasis-desert transition areas of the middle and lower reaches, we analyze desert vegetation-soil (moisture and salt)-groundwater interactions, and propose methods to determine critical values of the ecological groundwater depth and water requirement. For the terminal lake, we establish the relationships among ecological water division, groundwater table and ecological index. These relationships are used to optimize the schemes of ecological water division. In the whole inter-basin, we apply a system analysis approach of water resources-economic and social development-ecological and environment processes to obtain the schemes of the multi-water source allocations in the Shiyang River basin. These schemes can maintain groundwater withdrawal and recharge balance, water requirement and supply balance and ecological functions. |
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