| 藏南康马县布主金(锑)矿构造控矿规律及找矿预测 |
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| 引用本文： | 李国猛,姜维,石文杰,魏俊浩,周新琪,毛国正,刘成林.藏南康马县布主金(锑)矿构造控矿规律及找矿预测[J].地球科学,2020,45(6):2117-2134. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李国猛 姜维 石文杰 魏俊浩 周新琪 毛国正 刘成林 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国地质大学资源学院, 湖北武汉 430074 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目41772071 |
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| 摘 要： | 藏南金锑铅锌银多金属成矿带又称北喜马拉雅成矿带，是特提斯喜马拉雅成矿域的重要组成部分.康马地区虽处于EW向和SN向断裂交汇的有利成矿位置，但由于海拔高覆盖厚，本区构造控矿规律不明、缺乏有效的勘探方法和可借鉴的找矿范例，这致使找矿工作长期未获突破.近年来，布主金（锑）矿等一批矿床的发现彻底填补了本区的找矿空白.但由于缺乏对矿区断裂带内部组成及其控矿作用的深入认识，布主金（锑）矿的普查勘探工作受到严重制约.本文在详实地质调查基础上，对矿区NW-近EW向和近SN向断裂带内部结构进行了系统剖析，发现两组断裂带均由中部的断层核和外围的破碎带构成.在NW-近EW断裂带，其断层核控制着强揉皱含黄铁矿方解石石英脉型等矿体，而破碎带控制着平直陡倾含多金属硫化物石英脉型和富毒砂石英脉型矿体.在近SN向断裂带，断层核由劈理化带和角砾岩带组成，几乎不含矿.而破碎带中近顺层节理则控制着发育强褐铁矿化和黏土化的高品位矿体.结合区域构造演化，建立了布主矿区断裂带形成、发展及控矿的三阶段演化模型.并在此指导下，以地质事实为基础，结合1:1万土壤化探综合异常及围岩蚀变、矿化露头等找矿信息，圈定找矿靶区6处.并综合考虑多种因素对靶区进行优选，得到A、B、C级靶区各2个.通过对布主矿区断裂带结构、控矿规律、断裂带演化模型等方面的研究和结合化探综合异常的靶区圈定，以期为布主矿区及康马地区矿床成因研究和找矿勘探工作提供有益借鉴.
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| 关 键 词： | 布主金(锑)矿 构造控矿规律 找矿预测 藏南金锑多金属成矿带 矿床 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-05-15 |
Regularities of Ore-Controlling Structures and Exploration Predictions of Buzhu Au (Sb) Deposit in Kangma County,South Tibet,China |
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| Abstract: | The Au-Sb-Pb-Zn-Ag Polymetallogenic Metallogenic belt in South Tibet, also known as the North Himalayan Metallogenic belt, is an important part of the Tethyan Himalayan Metallogenic Region. Although Kangma area is in an advantageous metallogenic location where the SN-trending faults cross the EW- trending faults, few breakthroughs have been made in exploration prediction for a long time due to the lack of clear ore-controlling regularities, feasible prospection methods, and effective prediction examples for reference, which caused by high altitude and thick coverage. In recent years, the discovery of a group of deposits such as Buzhu gold (antimony) deposit has filled the gap of exploration in this area. However, due to the lack of in-depth understanding of the internal architecture and ore-controlling styles of the fault zones, the exploration of Buzhu deposit is seriously restricted. Based on detailed geological survey, the internal architectures of NW- (and EW-) and SN- trending fault zones in this deposit have been systematically dissected here. It is identified that both sets of fault zones were composed of the fault core in the central part and the damage zone in the peripheral. In the NW- (and EW-) trending fault zones, the crumpled pyrite-bearing quartz veins were controlled by the fault core and the straight and steep quartz veins bearing multiple sulfide phases and quartz veins bearing abundant arsenopyrite filled in the joints of the damage zone. In the SN-trending fault zones, the fault core consisting of cleavage zone and breccia zone is barren. While, the bedding tension fractures in the damage zone were filled by high grade veins characterized by obvious limonite and clay alteration. Combined with regional tectonic evolution, a three-stage evolution model depicting the formation, development and ore-controlling of the major fault zones in Buzhu deposit is established in this paper. Under the guidance of this model, 6 prospecting targets were delineated according to the geological facts combined with the prospecting information such as synthetic anomalies of 1:10 000 soil geochemical exploration, wall rock alteration and ore outcrops. And each of the 2 targets was finally selected in the 3 levels of A, B and C, comprehensively considering various factors. Through the above studies on the internal architecture, ore-controlling regularities and evolution model of the fault zones, as well as the delineation of the targets combined with synthetic anomalies, the authors hope to provide useful reference for the ore genesis research and prospection in the Buzhu deposit and Kangma areas. |
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