| 洞庭湖区湖泊洲滩地表覆盖变化 |
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| 引用本文： | 余姝辰,李长安,余德清,贺秋华,罗伟奇,向菲菲.洞庭湖区湖泊洲滩地表覆盖变化[J].地球科学,2020,45(6):1918-1927. |
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| 作者姓名： | 余姝辰 李长安 余德清 贺秋华 罗伟奇 向菲菲 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国地质大学地球科学学院, 湖北武汉 430074 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金41871019国家自然科学基金41672355原湖南省国土资源厅“洞庭湖生态经济区地理国情监测”项目HNPCA2014-1原湖南省国土资源厅“洞庭湖生态经济区地理国情监测”项目NGQJC2015-01原湖南省国土资源厅“洞庭湖生态经济区地理国情监测”项目GJGQJC2016-04原湖南省国土资源厅“洞庭湖生态经济区地理国情监测”项目HNGQJC2017-13原湖南省国土资源厅“洞庭湖生态经济区地理国情监测”项目HNJCCH-2018-13原湖南省国土资源厅“洞庭湖生态经济区地理国情监测”项目HNZRZYJC-2019-02“洞庭湖区生态环境变化遥感研究”2018-10 |
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| 摘 要： | 为了解20世纪70年代以来洞庭湖区湖泊洲滩地表覆盖变化，基于1978年以来的多源中分辨率遥感影像，对洲滩地表覆盖情况进行了监测，利用决策树分类方法解译，结合地理国情普查数据验证了解译精度.结果表明:近40年来，杨树和芦苇地是1978年以来变化最大的地表覆盖，二者呈此消彼长的增减状态，2007—2015年分布面积基本相当，2015年至今杨树面积大幅度减少，芦苇面积维持稳中有增的趋势.2002年以前，洞庭湖洲滩总体呈扩张趋势，2002年之后，洲滩面积趋于稳定.目前，芦苇和湖草占洞庭湖洲滩总面积的2/3.洞庭湖自然保护区内欧美黑杨主要分布于南洞庭湖自然保护区，芦苇主要分布于东洞庭湖和南洞庭湖自然保护区.洞庭湖区湖泊洲滩的人工利用程度在2015年后大幅减小，但仍有48.57%，亟待进一步控制.
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| 关 键 词： | 洲滩 地表覆盖变化 遥感技术 洞庭湖 水文地质 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-07-09 |
Land Cover Change on Beach of Dongting Lake's Beach |
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| Abstract: | In order to understand the land cover change of beach in the Dongting Lake since the 1970s, it has been systematically monitored based on various remote sensing images since 1978 in this study. Results show that poplar and reed land have experienced the largest changes of land cover in the past 40 years,showing a complementary relationship with one increased with decrease of the other. After 2007, the distribution area of poplar and reed land has been basically same. Till 2015, the distribution area of poplar land has been substantially reduced,and the distribution area of the reed land has been steadily increased. Before 2002, the beach area of Dongting Lake has been increased,after that,the area tends to be stable. Reed land and lake grass are two most covered categories in the Dongting Lake,which is 2/3 of the total beach area. In Dongting Lake Nature Reserve area,populus nigra is widely distributed in the Nature Protection Zone of South Dongting Lake,reed is widely distributed in the Nature Protection Zone of East and South Dongting Lake. Since 2015, the artificial usage of the beach in the Dongting Lake is decresed to 48.57%,but further control measures are urgently needed. |
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