| 欧泊结晶状态和色斑研究的新发现 |
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| 引用本文： | 尹作为,赵雁.欧泊结晶状态和色斑研究的新发现[J].地球科学,2000,25(3):302-305. |
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| 作者姓名： | 尹作为 赵雁 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国地质大学珠宝学院, 武汉 430074 |
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| 摘 要： | 欧泊的结晶状态和色斑问题一直以来是人们探讨的重要问题.对于区分天然欧泊与人工合成欧泊的重要鉴别特征“丝绢状”和“蜂巢状”色斑的成因问题, 研究甚少.通过宝石学常规测试、扫描电镜、X -射线粉晶衍射等测试手段, 进行测试和分析, 结果表明: 欧泊是由非晶态→雏晶→亚显微隐晶态→隐晶态的这种连续渐变的状态构成, 各状态之间并无截然的界限, 并且可以是这些不同状态的集合体; 提出了欧泊与玉髓之间的宝石学界定标准, 还揭示了两种色斑形成的不同机制: “丝绢”是由天然欧泊内部的显微构造裂隙对光产生散射而形成的, 而“蜂巢”是由合成欧泊自身结构中SiO2球体排布与球体本身透光性决定的.对这两种色斑成因的揭示, 为欧泊鉴定提供了理论依据.
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| 关 键 词： | 欧泊 非晶态 晶态 色斑 |
| 收稿时间： | 1999-11-30 |
NEW DISCOVERY OF OPAL CRYSTALLINE STATE AND COLOUR PATCH |
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| Yin Zuowei,Zhao Yan,Tian Wei.NEW DISCOVERY OF OPAL CRYSTALLINE STATE AND COLOUR PATCH[J].Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences,2000,25(3):302-305. |
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| Authors: | Yin Zuowei Zhao Yan Tian Wei |
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| Abstract: | The opal crystalline state and colour patch have always been a hot issue in the gemmological community. However, very few literatures are focused on origins of the "silky" and "honeycomb-like cellular" colour patches, an important feature for the differentiation between natural and synthetic opals. For this reason, the authors tested and analyzed many opal samples using conventional gemmological test, SEM, and XRD. The research shows that the opal is in a continuous gradual changing state ranging from the noncrystalline to the crystallite to the sub-microscopic cryptocrystalline and finally to the cryptocrystalline. In addition, no distinct boundary is present between each two states. Furthermore, the opal may exist as an aggregate in all these different states. In this paper, the authors propose a gemological criterion to differentiate between the opal and the chalcedony, and also show different mechanisms for the formation of these two different colour patches. The "silky" colour patch occurs when the light is dispersed from the microscopic fissures inside the natural opal, but the "honeycomb-like cellular" colour patch is determined by the distribution of the SiO2 spheres and the light transmittance characteristic of the spheres themselves within the synthetic opal. The understanding of the origins of these two colour patches has provided us with the theoretical basis for the differentiation between natural and synthetic opals. |
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| Keywords: | opal noncrystalline state crystalline state colour patch |
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