| 柴达木黑北凹地早更新世新型砂砾层卤水水化学特征与成因 |
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| 引用本文： | 李洪普,郑绵平,侯献华,孙斌涛,刘国泰,窦全成.柴达木黑北凹地早更新世新型砂砾层卤水水化学特征与成因[J].地球科学,2014,39(10):1333-1342. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李洪普 郑绵平 侯献华 孙斌涛 刘国泰 窦全成 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所，国土资源部盐湖资源与环境重点实验室，北京 100037 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国地质调查局项目(Nos.1212010011806,1212011085521,1212011220789) |
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| 摘 要： | 柴达木黑北凹地深部砂砾石层内的承压水是近期在柴达木西部新发现的规模巨大的孔隙卤水，水位埋深8~24 m，接近地表；富水性中等偏强；矿化度较高，KCl含量达到可开发利用的要求，井采时不易结盐，可作为后续开发钾盐的备选区域.离子统计分析结果显示，TDS、Cl-、Na+、Cs+、B2O3、Ca2+、Mg2+、Sr+、NO3-、Rb+在卤水中的浓度变化幅度小，分布较均匀；SO42-的变化幅度大，分布极不均匀；Br-、I-、Li+、K+变化幅度和均匀程度介于二者之间；Na+、Cl-、Ca2+、Sr2+、TDS呈正态负偏高峰态，K+、SO42-、Li+呈非正态正偏高峰态.成分聚类分析图中，K+、SO42-、Li+首先聚为一亚类，Cl-、TDS、Na+聚为一亚类.从离子含量变化曲线图中可以看到，该孔隙卤水从东至西，Na+、Cl-含量和变化趋势相同，且它们与TDS、B2O3的变化趋势相同.K+、SO42-、Mg2+三种组分含量较一致，变化趋势相同，且同时与Li+的变化趋势相同.孔隙卤水钠氯系数CNa/CCl值为0.85~0.96，溴氯系数为0.01~0.34，与盐岩溶滤卤水接近.在Na+、K+、Mg2+//Cl--H2O四元体系和Na+、K+、Mg2+//Cl-、SO42--H2O五元体系25 ℃介稳相图中反映出2种析盐规律，一种为硫酸镁亚型，另一种是氯化物型.其形成可能与化学沉积层中高矿化度晶间卤水与砂砾石层中原始孔隙(淡)水相互作用有关.
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| 关 键 词： | 黑北凹地 卤水 水化学成分 水化学类型 介稳相图 砂砾岩 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014-03-20 |
Hydrochemistry Characteristics and Origin of New Brine Sandy Gravel inEarly Pleistocene of Heibei Concave in Qaidam Basin |
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| Abstract: | Confined water in deep sandy gravel layer is newly-discovered large-scale pore brines in Heibei concave in the western Qaidam basin, which poses as an alternative area for potash development due to the following features: medium to strong water yield property, closeness to the surface with water level ranging from 8 to 24 m, high degree of mineralization, high KCl content fit for commercial development, and small salt buildup when mined. The statistical results show that concentration changes of TDS, Cl-, Na+, Cs+, B2O3, Ca2+, Mg2+, Sr+, NO3-, and Rb+ in the brine are small with even distribution. On the contrary, concentration changes of SO42- are big with uneven distribution; concentration changes of Br-, I-, Li+, K+ and uniform degree fall in the range in-between those of the two above-mentioned groups of elements; Na+, Cl-, Ca2+ and Sr2+, TDS show normal negatively skewed peak distribution, K+, SO42-, Li+ show non-normal positively skewed peak distribution. In component clustering analysis diagram, K+, SO42-, Li+ fall into a sub-class, whereas Cl-, TDS and Na+ fall into another sub-class The ion content change curve shows that content of Na+ and Cl- share the same change trend with that of mineralization degree and B2O3 in the pore brine from east to west. Compositions of K+, SO42-, Mg2+ are consistent, with the same change trend with that of Li+. Ratio of CNa/CCl in pore brine is 0.85-0.96, and bromine chloride coefficient is 0.01-0.34, similar to those of salt karst filter brine. It finds two laws of salting, namely, magnesium sulfate and chloride in the metastable phase diagram (25 ℃) of the quaternary system of Na+, K+, Mg2+//Cl--H2O and quinary system of Na+, K+, Mg2+//Cl-, SO42--H2O, which might have formed due to interaction of intercrystalline brine in the sedimentary formation and pore water in the sandy gravel. |
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