| 煤炭绿色开发地质保障体系的构建 |
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| 引用本文： | 王双明,耿济世,李鹏飞,孙强,范章群,李丹.煤炭绿色开发地质保障体系的构建[J].煤田地质与勘探,2023,51(1):33-43. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王双明 耿济世 李鹏飞 孙强 范章群 李丹 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.陕西省煤炭绿色开发地质保障重点实验室，陕西 西安 710054 |
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| 基金项目： | 陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2019JL-01) |
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| 摘 要： | 煤炭资源的大规模、高强度开采诱发了煤矿区地质条件和生态环境的损害,开展煤炭开采引起的地质结构–地下水环境–生态环境动态演化的耦合机制研究,发展煤炭绿色开发地质保障理论和技术,对于推动我国煤炭工业高质量发展有重要意义。结合当前煤炭开采技术,分析了煤炭绿色开发地质保障的研究现状,提出了“煤炭绿色开发地质保障体系”的科学内涵。主要包括:(1)开采前煤炭赋存综合地质条件勘查、评价,开采区生态环境类型划分:通过三维地质结构、水文地质条件、岩土工程性质和生态环境等系统调查分析,阐明煤炭开采区损害类型及其主控因素。(2)煤炭采动作用下地质条件变化与地质结构功能系统演化:阐明煤炭开采条件下覆岩变形特征及地质条件响应模式和损害机理,揭示开采过程中应力场、变形场、渗流场等多场耦合作用下生态环境的时空演化特征和损害规律。(3)采后煤炭绿色地质保障技术与生态环境功能重建:研究采后覆岩结构、地质结构功能、生态环境的相互作用,提出采空区与遗留资源的利用途径,恢复煤炭开采区生态环境功能。基于精准勘查与监测,创建含地层结构、水文地质结构和岩体力学性质等信息的数据库,建立煤炭开采地质结构演化动态模型,构建生态脆弱区煤炭...
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| 关 键 词： | 煤炭开采 地质保障 生态修复 学科交叉 理论体系 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-11-20 |
Construction of geological guarantee system for green coal mining |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Geological Support for Coal Green Exploitation, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710054, China2.College of Geology and Environment, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710054, China3.Geological Research Institute for Coal Green Mining, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710054, China4.CCTEG Xi’an Research Institute (Group) Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710077, China |
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| Abstract: | Large-scale and high-intensity mining of coal resources has induced damage to geological conditions and ecological environment in coal mining areas. It is of great significance to study the coupling mechanism of geological structure-groundwater environment-ecological environment dynamic evolution caused by coal mining. Development of the theory and technology of geological guarantee for green coal development is also critical for ensuring the high-quality development of coal industry in China. In additional to the current coal mining technology, research status of geological guarantee for green development of coal is analyzed in this paper Scientific connotation of “system of geological guarantee for green development of coal” is proposed. Specifically, the following aspects are mainly included in the present study. (1) Comprehensive geological conditions for coal occurrence before mining, and the classification of ecological environment type of the mining area are evaluated and investigated. The damage type of the coal mining area and its main control factors are elaborated through the systematic investigation and analysis of 3D geological structure, hydrogeological conditions, geotechnical engineering properties and ecological environment. (2) Changes in geological conditions and functional system evolution of geological structures under the action of coal mining are studied. Deformation characteristics of overburden rocks and the response mode and damage law of geological conditions under coal mining conditions are clarified. The spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and damage mechanism of ecological environment under the coupling effects of stress field, deformation field, seepage field and other fields during mining are revealed. (3) Green geological guarantee technology and ecological environment functions after coal mining are reconstructed. The interaction among overburden rock structure, geological structure function and ecological environment after mining are studied. Utilization ways of gob and remaining resources are proposed, and functions of ecological environment in the coal mining area are recovered. A database containing the information on stratum structure, hydrogeological structure and mechanical properties of rock mass is created based on the accurate exploration and monitoring. A dynamic model of geological structure evolution during coal mining is established, and a comprehensive research platform for coal resource mining and geological environment protection in the ecologically-fragile areas is constructed, to provide support for green and safe development and ecological environment protection in the whole coal life cycle and further to seek the optimal way for solving the contradiction between coal mining and ecological civilization construction. In addition, the geological guarantee theory and technology for green coal mining with the multidisciplinary intersection of basic geology, mining science, ecology and humanist economics need to be developed in the geoscientific system of green coal mining from three scientific aspects, i.e., analysis, treatment and generalization. On this basis, the knowledge system of green and safe development integrating coal mining, geological engineering technology, ecological environment and humanistic economy need to be established to serve the green and safe coal mining. |
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