| 秦岭南北日照时数时空变化及突变特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 蒋冲,刘晓磊,程楠楠,梁宁霞,王飞,刘思杰,穆兴民.秦岭南北日照时数时空变化及突变特征[J].干旱区地理,2013,36(3):416-424. |
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| 作者姓名： | 蒋冲 刘晓磊 程楠楠 梁宁霞 王飞 刘思杰 穆兴民 |
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| 作者单位： | （1 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院， 陕西 杨凌 712100； 2 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所， 陕西 杨凌 712100；3 北京师范大学全球变化与地球系统科学研究院地表地程与资源生态国家重点实验室， 北京 100875；4 北京大学遥感与地理信息系统研究所， 北京 100871） |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目基于相同气候条件的人类活动对河流水沙影响定量评价-以黄土高原延河流域为例，中荷联合主题研究项目渭河流域水环境问题综合治理对策研究 |
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| 摘 要： | 根据秦岭南北47个气象站1960-2011年逐月数据，采用样条曲线插值法（Spline）、气候倾向率、Pettitt突变点检测、相关分析等方法对该区日照时数的时空变化特征以及影响其变化的气象要素进行了分析。结果表明：（1）研究区多年平均日照时数为1 838.7 h，空间分布呈东北向西南递减格局，按各分区日照长短排序为秦岭以北>秦岭南坡>汉水流域>巴巫谷地。四季日照时数分布特征与年尺度上的结论基本一致，4个季节按其大小排序为夏季>春季>秋季>冬季，四季均以秦岭以北的日照时数最大。（2）近52 a各区年日照时数变化趋势较为一致，绝大部分站点呈下降趋势。下降的站点占本区站点总数的比例排序为巴巫谷地>汉水流域>秦岭以北>秦岭南坡，秦岭以南的广大地区相对于秦岭以北日照下降更明显。春季47%的站点呈上升趋势，显著上升的站点集中于中部地区；夏季98%的站点呈显著下降趋势；秋季和冬季变化特征及其空间分布无明显规律。（3）年尺度、春季和夏季突变年份集中于1978-1981年间，秋季的突变特征不甚明显，突变年份和空间分布无明显规律性可言，冬季日照时数突变年份同步性和一致性较差。（4）绝大部分站点日照时数与风速、最高气温、平均气温呈正相关关系，与降水和相对湿度呈负相关关系，与最低气温关系不明显。
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| 关 键 词： | 秦岭南北 日照时数 时空变化 突变点 影响因素 |
| 收稿时间： | 2012-09-11 |
Spatial-temporal variations and mutations of sunshine hours in the northern and southern regions of the Qinling Mountains |
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| JIANG Chong,LIU Xiao-lei,CHENG Nan-nan,LIANG Ning-xia,WANG Fei,LIU Si-jie,MU Xing-min.Spatial-temporal variations and mutations of sunshine hours in the northern and southern regions of the Qinling Mountains[J].Arid Land Geography,2013,36(3):416-424. |
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| Authors: | JIANG Chong LIU Xiao-lei CHENG Nan-nan LIANG Ning-xia WANG Fei LIU Si-jie MU Xing-min |
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| Abstract: | In recent years， along with global warming，increasing population density， quickening urbanization progress，climate elements such as corresponding temperature，sunshine hours have taken distinct changes. Scholars in China have done abundant study on the characteristics of sunshine hour changes and its response to climate changes. Many meaningful conclusions have been drawn. Sunshine hours are the most direct representation of radiation quantum. The change of sunshine hours affects the growth of plant， animal and the anthropogenic activity. The Qinling Mountains is the most important climatic separatrix of north and south of China. In this paper， the series of annual and seasonal sunshine hours in the northern and southern regions of the Qinling and Dabashan Mountains were developed using the sunshine hours data from 47 meteorological stations in the northern and southern regions of the Qin and Dabashan Mountains during the period of 1960-2011. The distribution and temporal and spatial variation characteristics of sunshine hours as well as the meteorological elements which influenced sunshine hours were analyzed using the methods of Spline interpolation method， climate trend rate， Pettitt abrupt change point detection， correlation analysis and others. The results are as follows：（1）Yearly averaged sunshine hours are 1 838.7 h，with the spatial distribution pattern of high value in northeast region and low in southwest. Four seasons' sunshine hours present the same distribution characteristics like the annual sunshine hours，with summer’s sunshine hours ＞ spring’s＞ autumn’s ＞winter’s，which is in climatology’s linear law. （2）According to the percentages of stations with sunshine hours decreasing trend in recent 52 years，whose orders are as follows：Ba-Wu valley’s stations＞Han River basin’s＞Qinling Mountains northern region’s＞ Qinling Mountains southern slope’s. The decreasing trend in southern region was more obvious than that in northern region of Qinling Mountains. 94% and 98% of stations were in decrease of sunshine hours in winter and summer，respectively. However，characteristics of change in sunshine hours and its spatial distribution were without an obvious regularity. The downward trend in winter sunshine hours is probably due to dust-floating increasing in the atmosphere because a large amount of coal is being consumed by human being in winter. （3）The abrupt change in annual，spring and summer sunshine hours happened between 1979 and 1981 and there were no obvious abrupt change points in autumn or winter，which may be due to the urbanization development and cloud cover increasing. （4）Wind speed and maximum temperature are positively correlated with sunshine hours，while precipitation and relative humidity are passively correlated with sunshine hours. There was no a clear relationship between minimum or mean temperature and sunshine hours． |
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| Keywords: | the northern and southern regions of the Qinling and Dabashan Mountains sunshine hours spatiotemporal variations abrupt change point influential factor |
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