| 近50 a新疆粉红椋鸟栖息地气候演变特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 王晗,于非,吴烨,季荣.近50 a新疆粉红椋鸟栖息地气候演变特征[J].干旱区地理,2013,36(4):601-608. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王晗 于非 吴烨 季荣 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.新疆师范大学生命科学学院，新疆特殊环境物种多样性应用与调控重点实验室， 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830054；2 新疆气象信息中心， 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830002 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家国际科技合作计划资助（2010DFA92720-20）；自治区高等学校科研计划项目青年教师科研培育基金（自然科学类）（XJEDU2011S29） |
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| 摘 要： | 新疆是粉红椋鸟（Sturnus roseus L.）在中国境内的繁殖区，对新疆草原蝗虫具有显著的控制作用。采用线性回归、最小二乘法及趋势分析等方法，分析粉红椋鸟栖息地近50 a来年均温度与降水特征和变化趋势，结果表明：（1）近50 a来粉红椋鸟栖息地年均温度为5.65±1.70 ℃，春夏秋冬四季平均温度分别为7.23±1.91 ℃、20.27±1.78 ℃、6.24±1.83 ℃和-11.11±3.89 ℃；年均降水量为266.23±103.37mm、春夏秋冬四季平均降水量分别72.18±36.33 mm、96.12±49.56 mm、62.57±23.74 mm和35.22±17.69 mm；（2）粉红椋鸟栖息地50 a来增温显著（P<0.01），冬季温度增幅最大（0.726 ℃/10 a），夏季温度增幅小、变异小；年均降水显著上升（P<0.01），冬季降水增幅最大（4.50 mm/10 a），春夏两季降水稳定。
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| 关 键 词： | 气候演变 温度 降水 粉红椋鸟 |
| 收稿时间： | 2012-12-13 |
Climatic changes of Sturnus roseus’ habitat in recent 50 a |
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| WANG Han,YU Fei,WU Ye,JI Rong.Climatic changes of Sturnus roseus’ habitat in recent 50 a[J].Arid Land Geography,2013,36(4):601-608. |
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| Authors: | WANG Han YU Fei WU Ye JI Rong |
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| Affiliation: | 1 Key Laboratory of Species Diversity Application and Control in Xinjiang, College of Life Science, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang, China; 2 Xinjiang Meteorological Information Center, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang, China |
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| Abstract: | The Rose-colored Starling （Sturnus roseus） is a long-distance migratory bird. Xinjiang is the breeding area of the bird in China. The Rose-colored Starling，which inhabit in the desert and semi-desert grassland along Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang during May to August every year，can control locust significantly. Methods of regression analysis，least square，moving average were employed to analyze the temperature and precipitation changing trend in the habitat of the Rose-colored Starling during the past 50 years. The results showed as follows: （1） the average temperature of all the year，spring，summer，autumn and winter were 5.65±1.70 ℃（Altay，Tacheng，Ili，3.82±1.26 ℃，6.78±1.05 ℃，6.36±0.9 1 ℃，respectively），7.23±1.91 ℃（Altay，Tacheng，Ili，5.64±1.71 ℃，8.23±1.65 ℃，7.81±1.20 ℃，respectively），20.27±1.78 ℃（Altay，Tacheng，Ili，20.40±0.88 ℃，22.03±1.01 ℃，18.37±0.96 ℃，respectively），6.24±1.83 ℃（Altay，Tacheng，Ili，4.54±1.61 ℃，7.16±1.38 ℃，7.02±1.10 ℃，respectively）and -11.11±3.89 ℃（Altay，Tacheng，Ili，-15.23±2.62 ℃，-10.36±2.25 ℃，-7.75±2.15 ℃，respectively），respectively；and the average precipitation of all the year，spring，summer，autumn and winter were 266.23±103.37 mm（Altay，Tacheng，Ili，175.43±42.41 mm，238.26±45.78 mm，385.01±63.55 mm，respectively），72.18±36.33 mm（Altay，Tacheng，Ili，40.85±16.07 mm，67.14±18.11 mm，108.53±29.62 mm，respectively），96.12±49.56 mm（Altay，Tacheng，Ili，59.01±22.04 mm，75.28±21.14 mm，154.06±31.22 mm，respectively），62.57±23.74 mm（Altay，Tacheng，Ili，47.79±14.87 mm，58.08±14.94 mm，81.84±22.38 mm，respectively）and 35.22±17.69 mm（Altay，Tacheng，Ili，27.43±12.63 mm，37.59±14.69 mm，40.65±17.68 mm，respectively），respectively；（2）the average temperature in the habitat of the Rose-colored Starling during the past 50 years presented a significant increasing trend （P<0.01），and the increasing rate is 0.446 ℃/10 a；the increasing trend is significant in winter with a rate of 0.726 ℃/10 a （P<0.01），while smallest in summer with a rate of 0.295 ℃/10 a；the average precipitation presented a significant increasing trend （P<0.05），and the increasing rate is 10.90 mm/10 a，especially in winter and autumn with a rate of 4.50 mm/10 a （P<0.01）and 3.67 mm/10 a（P<0.05），while the average precipitation of spring and summer were stable （2.73 mm/10 a，1. 64 mm/10 a，respectively）. At present，there is lack of study on characteristics of climatic change of Sturnus roseus’ habitat at home and abroad. The study showed that the Sturnus roseus’ habitat has suitable climate，especially in spring and summer，which is suitable for survival of the Sturnus roseus. On the other hand，the climate in the Sturnus roseus’ habitat is suitable for the growth of locust，which is the main food of the Sturnus roseus during its breeding season in Xinjiang. Suitable environments and enough foods might be one of reasons of habitat selection of the Rose-colored Starling. Therefore，climatic factors should be considered when establishing artificial attracted area to increase attract rate of the Sturnus roseus and enhance the control action of the Sturnus roseus to the locust. |
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| Keywords: | climate change temperature precipitation the Rose-colored Starling Sturnus roseus |
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