共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 875 毫秒
1.
Ito equations are derived for simple stochastic cellular automaton with parameters describing efficiencies for avalanche triggering
and cell occupation. Analytical results are compared with the numerical one obtained from the histogram method. Good agreement
for various parameters supports the wide applicability of the Ito equation as a macroscopic model of some cellular automata
and complex natural phenomena which manifest random energy release. Also, the paper is an example of effectiveness of histogram
procedure as an adequate method of nonlinear modeling of time series. 相似文献
2.
Q. Gao J.H. Lin W.X. Zhong W.P. Howson F.W. Williams 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2008,28(4):305-320
This paper presents a highly accurate method based on the precise integration method (PIM) and on the pseudo excitation method (PEM). The method computes the propagation behaviour of partially coherent non-stationary random waves in a viscoelastic, transversely isotropic solid, which consists of a multi-layered soil resting on a homogeneous semi-infinite space. The excitation source is a local rupture between two layers, which causes a partially coherent non-stationary random field. The analysis of non-stationary random wave propagation is transformed into that for deterministic waves by using PEM. The resulting governing equations in the frequency-wavenumber domain are linear ordinary differential equations, which are solved very precisely by using PIM. The evolutionary power spectral densities of the ground level responses are investigated and some typical earthquake phenomena are explained. 相似文献
3.
Ninglian Wang Tandong Yao Yafeng Shi L. G. Thompson J. Cole-Dai P. -N. Lin M. E. Davis 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》1999,42(1):80-87
By virtue of a novel experimental method, Phillips’ blockage theory was verified, while some of the experimental phenomena
could not be well explained by Phillips’ theory. Deriving from the dynamic equations, the results obtained expound the experimental
phenomena satisfactorily. The relevant wnclusions have significant and great pushing effects on ocean remote sensing techniques
and potential value to ocean remote sensing techniques.
Project supported by the Defense Science and Technology Agency (10.6.5.5). 相似文献
4.
Modelling the wave phenomena in acoustic and elastic media with sharp variations of physical properties using the grid‐characteristic method 
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下载免费PDF全文 Alena V. Favorskaya Michael S. Zhdanov Nikolay I. Khokhlov Igor B. Petrov 《Geophysical Prospecting》2018,66(8):1485-1502
This paper introduces a novel method of modelling acoustic and elastic wave propagation in inhomogeneous media with sharp variations of physical properties based on the recently developed grid‐characteristic method which considers different types of waves generated in inhomogeneous linear‐elastic media (e.g., longitudinal, transverse, Stoneley, Rayleigh, scattered PP‐, SS‐waves, and converted PS‐ and SP‐waves). In the framework of this method, the problem of solving acoustic or elastic wave equations is reduced to the interpolation of the solutions, determined at earlier time, thus avoiding a direct solution of the large systems of linear equations required by the FD or FE methods. We apply the grid‐characteristic method to compare wave phenomena computed using the acoustic and elastic wave equations in geological medium containing a hydrocarbon reservoir or a fracture zone. The results of this study demonstrate that the developed algorithm can be used as an effective technique for modelling wave phenomena in the models containing hydrocarbon reservoir and/or the fracture zones, which are important targets of seismic exploration. 相似文献
5.
George D. Manolis Tsviatko V. Rangelov 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2006,26(10):952-959
Geological media are invariably non-homogeneous, which complicates considerably the analysis of seismically induced wave propagation phenomena. Thus, closed-form solutions in the form of Green's functions are difficult to construct, but are quite valuable in their own right and often play the role of kernels in boundary integral equation formulations that are used for the solution of complex boundary-value problems of engineering importance. In this work, we examine in some detail the types of wave-like equations that result from vector decomposition of the equations of motion for the infinitely extending non-homogeneous continuum, which would be a first step for evaluating Green's functions. Specifically, an eigenvalue analysis is first performed, followed by computations using the finite difference method for a specific example involving a soil layer with quadratically varying material parameters. The aforementioned wave-like equations, defined in terms of dilatational and rotational strains, are originally coupled. Their uncoupling involves use of algebraic transformations, which are in turn valid for certain restricted categories of non-homogeneous materials. Numerical solution of these equations clearly shows attenuation patterns and phase changes that are manifested as the incoming wave disturbance is continuously scattered by non-constant material stiffness values encountered along the propagation path. 相似文献
6.
Willem J. de Lange 《Ground water》2022,60(3):319-329
Observation of dispersion in field situations has left three issues that may be better understood by applying advective transport phenomena. (1) In some experiments, the longitudinal dispersivity becomes constant with increasing pathlength and in other cases it remains growing. (2) Dispersivities reported from multiple comprehensive observations at a single site differ at similar pathlength in some cases more than a factor two. (3) The observed difference between the plume fronts and plume tails is not represented in the reported parameters. The analytic equations for advective transport phenomena at macroscale of De Lange (2020) describe the thickness of the affected flow-tube and the spread of the plume front and tail. The scale factor defines the size of the averaging domain and so of the initial phase. The new macroscale correlation coefficient relates the growth of the longitudinal dispersivity beyond the initial phase to the aquifer heterogeneity. Using stochastic parameters for the aquifer heterogeneity, the parameters are quantified at 14 field experiments in the United States, Canada and Europe enabling the comparison of calculated and reported final dispersivities. Using the quantified parameters, 146 reported and calculated dispersivities along the traveled paths show a good match. A dispersivity derived from the local plume growth may differ a factor of two from the aquifer-representative value. The growths of plume fronts and tails between two plume stages are assessed in 14 cases and compared to calculated values. Distinctive parameters for the plume front and tail support better understanding of field situations. A user-ready spreadsheet is provided. 相似文献
7.
本文综合地介绍了含地下水的土层对地震波传播的研究成果,并对一些普遍性的原则问题进行了讨论.在不变形介质的前提下详细研究了二维地下水的波动问题,应用和开发了线单元-特征线法、交替方向隐式差分法和伽辽金有限单元法,求解了一些边值问题.还研究了介质的不均匀性、地层的成层性等对地下水波动的影响以及地下水波在界面上的透射、反射现象,发现了一些新的规律.从普遍方程出发,论证了地下水波在可变形介质和不变形介质中的差别,导出了两者的换算关系.开辟了由不变形介质的解求可变形介质的解的一个间接途径. 在可变形介质的前提下,直接从两相介质动力方程组出发,对含水土层中的波动问题进行了详尽研究,考虑了弹塑性、非线性本构关系、剪胀性、刚度退化等各种因素的影响.通过计算对各种土壤刚度、渗阻条件、边界透水条件、荷载形式、本构关系和不均匀性等情况做了比较研究,发现一些新规律.在垂直地震荷载作用下发现了两种不同形态的孔隙水压反应--阶变形和振荡形的机制,并用间断波理论解释了孔压阶跃的原因.最后对发现的新现象做了一些讨论和总结. 相似文献
8.
Barry Saltzman 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1964,57(1):153-160
Summary A possible formal approach to a closed steady-state theory of the mean axially-symmetric variables is outlined. The approach involves alternating iterative solutions of the energy and momentum equations. In these equations the effects of transient eddy phenomena of all frequencies are assumed to be parameterized in terms of the mean symmetric variables. 相似文献
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A review of classical dimensionless numbers for the Yusa problem based on discriminated non‐dimensionalization of the governing equations 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 When the governing equations of a problem are known, the non‐dimensionalization of these equations (applied in their classical form) is a useful and widely used method that can be used to identify the dimensionless groups that rule the solution. However, neither this technique nor dimensional analysis necessarily provides the most precise solution in terms of the sought numbers. The use of discrimination, a qualitative rather than quantitative extension of the non‐dimensionalization method, has demonstrated notable advantages over the classical method because it invariably provides a more precise set of dimensionless groups. The basis for the correct application of discrimination depends on a deep understanding of the phenomena involved in the problem, particularly in complex (coupled) problems. In this paper, discriminated non‐dimensionalization is applied to investigate a mixed convection problem in porous media, the Yusa problem. The derived discriminate groups are compared with those already known in the literature and deduced by classical methods. A number of scenarios are numerically solved to check the reliability of the discriminated groups in contrast with classical groups. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
12.
HUANG Jinchi Senter Engineer Institute of Water Resources Hydropower Research Fuxing Road No. Beijing China WAN Zhaohui Professor Institute of Water Resources Hydropower Research Chegongzhuang West Road No. Beijing P.O.Box 《国际泥沙研究》1997,(3)
I.INTRODUCTIONTwo-dimensionalnumericalmodelisaPOwerfoltoolforengineersandriVermanagerstopredictfloodhydxaulics,identifyareasofinundation,anddesignoptionsforfloodcontrollingstructures.SomespecialproblemswithheavilysedimentladenflowriVershouldbecarefullyconsideredforthenumericalmodeldesigning;1.theplaneformofariVerisusuallybraidedanditsmainchannelshiftsoften.Themainchannelandbarreplaceeachotherseveraltimesinonefloodevent.Atagivenlocationthewaterdepthmaychangefromover10meterstoseveralcenhm… 相似文献
13.
Summary The procedure for computation and the numerical results of the first testing of the so-called Mi-operation, which is a construction unit of the model of a convective cloud[1] and represents the formulation of microphysical phenomena occurring in a convective cloud, are described. In this paper the Mi-operation is applied to the case of the liquid stage, restricted to condensation and drop evaporation. The solution of the corresponding system of kinetic equations serves the purpose of an initial test of the applicability of the integration method to the type of equations mentioned. 相似文献
14.
Based on an incremental Hamilton's principle a versatile and systematic computer method for analysing non-linear structural vibrations is developed in this paper. The essence of the proposed method can be regarded as an incremental harmonic balance method associated with a finite strip procedure in the time-space domain. Only linearized equations in terms of frequency increment, amplitude increments, etc. have to be formulated and solved in each incremental step. This method is applicable to highly non-linear problems and may be generalized to related non-linear periodic structural motions such as dynamic stability, flutter and some motions of a rotating body, etc. To show the effectiveness and versatility of this method, a typical time-space finite strip for beam problems is worked out and examples for a wide variety of vibration problems including free and forced vibrations, super- and sub-harmonic resonances, and complicated phenomena such as internal resonance are computed. Comparisons with previous results are also made. 相似文献
15.
Peng Wang Yuan-Qiang Cai Chang-Jie Xu Hong-Lei Sun Li-Zhong Wang 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2011
A study is carefully conducted for the rocking response of a rigid circular foundation resting on a poroelastic half-space when subjected to seismic waves under the framework of Biot’s theory. The free-field waves, rigid-body scattering field waves and radiation scattering field waves are introduced to consider the complex behavior of the soil owing to the scattering phenomena caused by the existence of the foundation. The contact surface between the soil and the foundation is supposed to be perfectly bonded and fully permeable. Combining with the divided wave fields, two sets of dual integral equations elaborating the mixed boundary-value conditions are established, and then reduced to Fredholm integral equations. Therefore, with a semi-analytical method, the expressions of the rocking displacements are obtained. The numerical results of the rocking vibration of the foundation for incident P, SV and Rayleigh waves are presented. The influences of certain parameters, such as the permeability of the soil, the incident angle, Poisson’s ratio and the mass of the foundation, on the rocking vibration of the foundation are explored and studied. Different reactions are found when the foundation is excited by different waves. 相似文献
16.
For a high-velocity stable flow through a periodic corrugated channel representing an element of porous medium, we suggest splitting the overall nonlinear macroscopic effects into two kinds of different physical origin: a pure inertia effect produced by the convective term of Navier–Stokes equations and an inertia–viscous cross effect representing a variation of the viscous dissipation due to a streamline deformation by inertia forces. We will show that the inertia–viscous cross effects may be revealed by simulating a periodic flow, whilst the pure inertia effects are produced by the microscale flow nonperiodicity. We will reveal the individual flow law for each nonlinear component and analyze the relative role of both components numerically by using the finite element method applied to the Navier–Stokes equations. Both the pure inertia and the inertia–viscous cross effects are revealed to be exponential prior to quadratic or cubic ones. The influence of the dead volume is analyzed. The inertia–viscous cross phenomena are shown to be negligible when the flow structure is clearly nonperiodic. 相似文献
17.
考虑到流体的可压缩性,笔者进一步发展了以前的结果。引进了准微观连续条件的概念,直接联合应用流体动力学方程和固体的弹性或粘弹性力学方程,即得到了此种介质的动力学方程组,其中直接引用了流体和固体的弹性（或粘弹性）系数,较之Biot从物理考虑而建立的应力-应变关系中的后两个常数Q、R具有更明确的物理意义,因而更便于用常规的方法确定。证明了,此种无限介质中通常具有两种P波和一种S波,且具阻尼和频散效应。对于几种极端情况可以明确地得到固体波和流体波,有助于近似地解释一些地球物理和声学现象。文中还指出了区分两种典型的计算模型的重要意义。 相似文献
18.
汶川地震房屋震害的一些现象分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The MS8.0 Wenchuan earthquake caused a great deal of damage and collapse to engineering structures. Survey of disaster and engineering damage was made in detail by the authors and other researchers in the extreme earthquake disaster area. The paper makes an overview of the earthquake disaster status and damage phenomena which include brick-concrete buildings, frame structures, brick-wood structures, and timber frame residential buildings. Furthermore, the causes of the disaster and building damage phenomena are briefly discussed. In addition, some typical damage phenomena are specialized. According to the phenomena mentioned above, some feasible seismic measures are suggested for the development of buildings in future. 相似文献
19.
M. B. Gokhberg N. I. Kolosnitsyn V. M. Lapshin 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2009,45(8):633-639
The electric field in the near-surface layers of a spherically symmetrical Earth was calculated. This electric field is generated by electrokinetic processes in a water-saturated porous medium deformed by lunisolar tides. An exact analytical solution of the Frenkel’ equations describing electrokinetic phenomena is found. Data of observations of the horizontal components of the electric field are processed. The main harmonics of diurnal and semidiurnal tides are identified in accordance with the theory. 相似文献
20.
作为特例研究,本文对1988年和1990年两次强台风影响期间的电离层多普勒记录及相应的台风资料进行了细致的相关分析,目的是利用多普勒记录的连续性优点来了解电离层对登陆（或近海）强台风通过声重波响应的演化全过程.分析表明,在这两次台风影响期间,电离层形态中除有明显的波状扰动（中尺度声重波）出现外,还有一些值得注意的新现象：波动的时间演化表现出明显的幅度逐渐增加以及频率由高频向低频转变,在振幅很大的情况下日落后同时出现扩展F（Spread F）现象,显示了声重波在激发电离层不规则结构方面的种子作用.这一演化过程与电离层中TIDs的线性传播理论一致,文中开展了对这一现象的非线性数值模拟,模拟结果基本上也与上述观测现象相吻合. 相似文献