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山东省长岛县科委关于臭氧化消毒技术在鲍鱼育苗中应用已申报山东省科委立项。这一应用研究课题旨在通过探索臭氧消毒海水对鲍鱼育苗的作用机理,研究不同臭氧浓度处理海水对稚鲍成活率及生长速度的关系,总结出一套利用臭氧消毒海水清除病害的困扰、提高稚鲍成活率的育苗生产新工艺,推动鲍鱼育苗生产走上高效低耗、科学健康发展的轨道。 臭氧化消毒技术是利用其臭氧的强氧化 相似文献
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光激发的臭氧是使用波长低于１８０ｎｍ的光量子激发氧分子（Ｏ２）而产生的，与常规的地臭氧的区别是：光臭氧为呈碱性负离子状态的气流，它的氧化电势为２．６０Ｖ，不呈现氮氧化物，在水中的半衰期超过２ｈ，是极强的氧化剂，其杀菌消毒效果远高于常用消毒剂。它可以一次同时完成杀菌消毒、净化水质和增氧三大任务，而且不产生二次污染，是当前水产养殖中水质消毒净化的理想物质具有极其广泛的推广应用前景。 相似文献
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臭氧在卤虫卵孵化中的应用效果研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
臭氧因具有强氧化性,可以起到灭菌、消毒、净化水质的作用 ,并且它在水中可迅速分解为氧气,不会造成对水体的污染［１，８，９］,被认为是一种绿色环保型的“消毒剂” ,因而在水产养殖中的应用越来越广泛。以往人们的研究主要集中在臭氧对养殖鱼类的毒性及水体的杀菌效果等方面［５，６，８］ 另有报道臭氧影响微藻中的脂肪酸和蛋白质的含量［７］。有关臭氧对卤虫卵孵化率的影响仅见有孙广明等［２］报道 :利用臭氧处理过的水进行卤虫卵孵化,可使其孵化率提高１０%以上。但有关卤虫卵孵化的最佳臭氧浓度、臭氧对卤虫无节幼体的成活率影响、… 相似文献
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臭氧化消毒技术在海水消毒中的应用 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
本文从理论出发，通过大量的小型模拟实验，确立了海水流量，臭氧投加量、消毒时间三者的关系，从而制定了利用臭氧进行海水消毒净化工程的工艺流程，又经过实际工程的验证，其工艺流程是可行的，结果优于设计要求，从而创立了国内第一家利用臭氧进行海水消毒净化的优质工程，为沿海城镇以海水替代淡水提供了一个新的途径。 相似文献
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臭氧对物体表面IBV冠状病毒的杀灭效果的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文利用强氧化剂臭氧O3对物体表面的冠状病毒进行杀灭试验。不同物体表面经不同臭氧浓度、湿度、温度处理灭活的冠状病毒于10日龄鸡胚培养一代，进行对流免疫电泳试验检测。结果表明，臭氧浓度在高于60．3mg／m^3，作用时间超过15min时就可将表面皿表面的病毒完全杀灭。温度对臭氧的杀毒效果也有影响，即温度越高杀毒效果越明显，而湿度对臭氧消毒效果则没有影响。同时，表面的材料不同对臭氧的消毒效果也存在一定影响，对金属材料和玻璃器皿的消毒效果较好；对纸片和布片的杀毒效果较差。 相似文献
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臭氧处理水技术原理及其在水产养殖中的应用综述 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3
自从1785年发现臭氧以来，臭氧作为氧化剂、消毒剂、催化剂在世界范围内获得广泛的应用，如利用臭氧消毒技术进行饮用水的处理；用于水产养殖用水上，既起杀菌作用，又达到增氧效果，为水产高密度养殖创造有利条件；用于环境消毒、食品保鲜（特别海产品）、储藏、去色、去味、防霉，海水淡化等方面（1、2、3、4、5），由于臭氧处理水法，克服因使用氯和其他化学药品而产生的致癌物质，并造成二次污染，人们也逐渐认识到臭氧处理技术的重要性。水是水生动物的生存环境，水质的好坏直接关系到水产养殖生物成活与否，特别水产动物的苗种生产对… 相似文献
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河蟹臭氧水育苗的正交试验 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
河蟹工厂化育苗一般都采用静水充气开放式工艺,即每天更换大量海水,泼洒药物等来解决池水溶解氧、水质污染及抑制病菌繁殖等问题,尤其到了育苗中后期,往往因池底沉积的有机物过多造成水质恶化,使幼体大量死亡,育苗生产很不稳定,利用臭氧处理海水育苗,可以维持良好的水质条件,为河蟹提供一个良好水环境,可以有效地提高出苗率。目前有关臭氧在其他方面的利用发展迅速,但在水产育苗方面利用和研究很少,为此,在臭氧应用于河蟹工厂化育苗以前,首先进行小水体臭氧水育苗的正交试验,以期获得臭氧水添加量、育苗密度、换水量的合理组… 相似文献
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利用地物光谱仪数据研究水汽对太阳辐射的吸收 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
论文将在介绍太阳辐射衰减理论的基础上,利用地物光谱仪、太阳辐射计和臭氧监测仪测量所得到的海面入射的太阳直射辐射光谱数据及大气衰减数据,提出了一种研究水汽在近红外波段对太阳辐射吸收作用的新方法,利用该方法得到的水汽吸收系数与前人研究结果非常一致。在可见光波段,大气对太阳辐射的吸收主要体现为臭氧的吸收。在近红外波段,臭氧的吸收非常小,对大气起吸收作用的主要为水汽。 相似文献
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Ozone miniholes appear on total ozone maps as localized ozone minima with horizontal extents of a few hundreds of kilometres. They are characterized by a rapid and small‐scale appearance of a columnar ozone decrease with an equally rapid recovery after a few days. They are frequently observed at Northern Hemisphere mid‐latitudes in winter. Evolving too rapidly to be the result of an ozone chemical destruction, miniholes should be the result of meteorological processes. According to some authors, miniholes should be due to the northeast motions of air patches with low total ozone content. However, several studies attribute the formation of ozone miniholes to the uplift of air masses, which decreases the ozone columnar content by simply decreasing the pressure thickness of the ozone layer, without changing the mixing ratio. According to these studies, the latter mechanism explains the main reduction of ozone that occurs between the tropopause and the ozone maximum during an ozone minihole event. A region of extreme low ozone values passed over Europe from 27 to 30 November 2000. The total ozone values were measured with the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS). A radio sounding, launched on 29 November 2000 from Payerne at the place and time of the deepening of the minihole, allows us to perform a detailed analysis of its formation mechanism. It is shown that the uplift of isentropic surfaces plays an important role in the columnar ozone decrease and explains the lower part of the depleted ozone profile. However, the deepening of the minihole is explained by another mechanism: namely, at this time the minihole air column intersects the polar vortex at high altitudes and then encounters ozone‐poor air masses. 相似文献
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水产加工技术发展现状及展望 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
综述了水产品加工技术研究及其应用现状和展望，并对海洋水产资源的开发利用现状和前景作了论述，许多先进技术，如微波技术，辐照杀菌技术，超高压杀菌技术等，在水产品加工业中应用前景广阔，对海洋低值鱼类资源，水产加工废弃物，以及尚未利用的海洋生物资源的开发利用已引起重视，海洋生物技术在开发海洋食用生物资源方面具有重要意义，现代高新技术的应用将成为２１世纪水产加工业发展趋势。 相似文献
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K. N. Visheratin N. E. Kamenogradskii F. V. Kashin V. K. Semenov V. P. Sinyakov L. I. Sorokina 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2006,42(2):184-202
The results of long-term (1980–2003) systematic measurements of the total ozone content at the Issyk Kul station (42.6° N, 77.0° E; 1650 m above sea level) are presented. The statistical characteristics and spectral structure of variations in the total ozone and the main tendencies of its temporal variability are determined. It is found that the total ozone content decreased in 1980–2003 at an average rate of (?1.29±0.08) DU/yr. The results of Fourier and wavelet analyses have shown that only oscillations with periods of 12, 27–29, and 102–105 months are rather stable and can be represented as harmonic oscillations. Oscillations with periods shorter than six months have the character of periodically arising pulsations. Among these, oscillations with periods of 27–29 and 34–37 days can be distinguished. It is noted that the spectral-temporal structure of variations in the total ozone content obtained from ground-based measurements at the Issyk Kul station is in good agreement with the corresponding structure obtained from TOMS satellite measurements. 相似文献
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S. P. Smyshlyaev V. Ya. Galin P. A. Zimenko A. P. Kudryavtsev A. A. Malykh 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2006,42(2):171-183
New prognostic estimates are obtained for the potential variability of the atmospheric ozone content in the first half of the 21st century. The calculations are based on models of gas composition and general circulation in the lower and middle atmosphere and on the scenarios of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). It is shown that the rate of ozone content increase will be controlled to a considerable extent by variations in stratospheric temperature. Even though the contents of atmospheric chlorine and bromine are not reduced, contrary to the WMO prediction, and remain at the present-day levels, the continuation of stratospheric cooling will lead to a rapid recovery of the ozone content to its level characteristic of the 1980s. Model experiments on variations in the stratospheric aerosol content have shown that an increase in the aerosol concentration will not affect the rate of ozone recovery in the atmosphere during reduced emissions of chlorine and bromine gases if the stratospheric temperature remains lowered. Numerical experiments have also shown that the simultaneous anthropogenic action on the contents of halogen gases and on the lower-stratosphere temperature can reduce the adverse effects of Freons and halons on the ozone layer. 相似文献
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O. A. Bukin Nguen Suan An A. N. Pavlov S. Yu. Stolyarchuk K. A. Shmirko 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2011,47(5):610-618
The paper describes a lidar and presents the results of lidar sensing of the vertical ozone distribution (VOD); the lidar measurements are analyzed together with data from a network of meteorological stations situated along the 132° E meridian. VODs over Primorye and Japan in the winter period are compared. An analysis showed that an interrelation exists between the subtropical jet stream and the structures of VOD and tropopause inversion layer. Specifically, the region of the VOD local maximum above the tropopause is in the upper part of the tropopause inversion layer and the width of the maximum depends on the distance from the core of the subtropical jet stream. It is found that the local ozone minimum in the lower stratosphere corresponds to the local minimum of the squared Brunt-Vaisala frequency within this same altitude range in the winter season, when two tropopauses frequently overlap. It is conjectured that the local ozone maximum and tropopause inversion layer may be associated with mixing processes in the layer where stratospheric and tropospheric circulation cells come into contact near the core of the subtropical jet stream. 相似文献
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The results of measurements of the ozone concentration obtained during the first cruise of the R/VVladimir Parshin close to the European Atlantic coast and in the adjacent seas are analysed. A sharp (four-fold) decrease in the ozone concentration off the coast along 50° N was found. This effect is associated with ozone absorption by the ocean, which is conditioned by the interaction of ozone with surface-active substances in the surface microlayer of seawater. This assumption is supported by the local decrease of the ozone concentration when approaching the coast, observed in the Black Sea several times. It is shown that the correlation between the ozone concentration and carbon monoxide above the ocean agrees with the regularity observed.Translated by Mikhail M. Trufanov. 相似文献