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1.
Sorting and concentration of a variety of heavy minerals along the coast between Gadani and Phornala, Baluchistan, are facilitated by the coincidence of the periods of maximum turbulence and wave activity, maximum percipitation, and sediments discharge. Sediment samples from different intertidal zones between Gadani and Phornala were collected for grain size analysis and petrographic/petrological study. Variations in grain size and mineral assemblage in the intertidal zones have been noted. Concentration of dark color heavy minerals has been noted in fine grain sediments, light color minerals are ubiquitous. The sediments exhibit wide ranges of sorting. 相似文献
2.
对鄂霍次克海东南部科学院隆起区OS03-1岩心碎屑重矿物及火山灰层进行了详细分析。岩心重矿物以紫苏辉石、绿帘石和普通角闪石为主,特征矿物为钛磁铁矿和普通辉石,矿物特征表明本岩心的物质主要来源于冰筏搬运(陆源)和火山喷发。陆源物质大部分来源于鄂霍次克海西部和北部地区,少量来自堪察加半岛冰川携带沉积物;火山物质则来源于堪察加半岛和千岛群岛的火山喷发产物。在岩心中识别出3个火山灰层,各种证据表明火山灰层1与已知的K2火山灰层相同,形成年代为26ka BP;火山灰层3具有明显火山物质与陆源物质混合特征,而火山灰层2则只能通过碎屑矿物的含量特征来判定,外在颜色不明显,已经明显的被陆源物质所稀释。研究表明,碎屑矿物组分参数可以有效地指示物质来源,也是识别火山灰层存在(特别是被陆源物质稀释)的可靠指标。 相似文献
3.
长江口表层沉积物重矿物在不同粒级中的分布与研究意义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在粒度分析基础上,以0.5Φ为间距对长江口表层沉积物的不同粒级分样进行碎屑重矿物分析,并对各粒级重矿物特征与广粒级(1.5Φ～6Φ)进行相似度分析。结果表明,长江口沉积物粒度跨度大,从粗砂到泥(黏土)均有分布,粉砂含量高。样内不同粒级分样重矿物含量、种类和组合均有一定变化,样间表现出较一致的规律性。长江口出现碎屑重矿物30种左右,粗粒级分样中矿物种数为10余种,细粒级分样中重矿物种类增至20多种;3.5Φ～4.5Φ是重矿物种类多、矿物成分复杂的粒级区段。粗粒级(粒径大于3Φ)云母族富集,其重矿物组合为云母+角闪石,随粒级变细(粒径小于4Φ)云母急剧减少;闪石族分布粒级广泛,在3Φ～5Φ粒级含量相对较高;帘石族、稳定矿物尤其是金属矿物在粒径小于3.5Φ粒级逐渐增多。长江口重矿物整体组合为普通角闪石+绿帘石+褐铁矿,榍石为特征矿物。相似度分析表明,长江口沉积物样品中主要粒级与广粒级重矿物特征相近,能代表沉积物整体重矿物特征。长江口碎屑重矿物特征深受粒度分布的影响,其矿物种类、矿物组合和矿物指数及其所蕴含的水动力和物源意义都要结合粒度特征来综合分析。 相似文献
4.
The coast of the State of Kuwait is characterized by a relatively wide intertidal flat area. At the north, where it is close to Shatt-al-Arab estuary, the intertidal sediments are mainly fluviomarine, while open marine sediments dominate the southern intertidal flat area. Samples were examined from the intertidal zone of deposition from the fluviomarine and open marine environments.The sediments consist mainly of carbonate minerals (low-Mg calcite, high-Mg calcite, aragonite and dolomite), quartz, feldspars, clay minerals and heavy minerals. The mineralogy of the clay fractions of the sediments is dominated by illite, mixed-layer illite—montmorillonite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite and palygorskite with only minor amounts of quartz. Heavy minerals are concentrated in the very fine sand fraction and are dominated by opaque minerals, amphiboles, pyroxenes, epidotes, garnet, kyanite and sillimanite. Zircon, tourmaline, andalusite, staurolite and rutile are present in subordinate amounts.Three main sources are suggested for the intertidal sediments of Kuwait: (a) Shatt-al-Arab fluviatile deposits, (b) aeolian dust fallout, and (c) direct chemical and biogenic precipitation from the Gulf water. 相似文献
5.
从统计分析看控制东海重矿物分布的因素 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
任何地质作用过程都是复杂的,东海也不例外,其沉积过程具有长期性、继承性和叠加性的特点.因而反映在矿物组合及其分布变化上较为复杂,影响因素颇多.然而,运用数学地质方法却可帮助我们寻找和确定其主要的影响因素,查明它们的相互关系,甚至建立定量描述的模式.而这正是传统地质学研究中的难题之一. 相似文献
6.
厦门吴冠海岸潮间带沉积物粒度特征及其沉积动力学涵义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
潮滩沉积物的粒度参数可以用来反映沉积物沉积的水动力、沉积物来源和沉积物搬运趋势等环境信息。对厦门吴冠潮间带35个表层样的粒度资料进行分析的结果表明,研究区沉积物类型以黏土质粉砂和粉砂质砂为主;沉积物主要来源于海岸侵蚀物质的输入,随着沉积物向海方向搬运,沉积物粒度参数表现出有规律的变化趋势,即由岸向海粒径具有细化趋势,分选程度变好。与开敞海岸淤泥质潮滩粒度特征相比,研究区的粒度参数组合特征具有明显差异,这可能是由于水动力条件的差异引起的。 相似文献
7.
H.F. Shaw 《Marine Geology》1973,14(1):29-45
The Wash is an area of extensive intertidal flat sedimentation. Samples were examined from the intertidal zone of deposition and also from areas that are probable sources of the sediments being deposited.The mineralogy of the clay fractions of the sediments is dominated by illite, mixed layer illite-montmorillonite, montmorillonite, kaolinite and chlorite with only minor amounts of quartz and calcite. There is no apparent difference in the qualitative nature of the clay minerals found in the sediments. There is also little or no significant variation in the relative proportions of the clay minerals in the modern intertidal flat sediments. However, variations are found between the relative proportions of clay minerals present in the probable source materials and the intertidal flat sediments.Evans (1965) proposed that the main sources of the intertidal sediments are via erosion of the floors of the North Sea and the Wash, and the exposed coasts of Lincolnshire and Norfolk. Whilst accepting these as primary sources, the clay mineral data indicate that erosion and redeposition of the intertidal flat material is a further important source of clay grade sediments. 相似文献
8.
9.
Until recently heavy-mineral studies of marine sediments were largely restricted to sand fractions. New techniques permitting analysis of decalcified silt fractions have been applied to sediments off the southeastern United States. Our data, which confirm predictions from the basic relationship among grain size, specific gravity, and equivalent hydraulic transport behavior, show that concentrations and average diameters of the silt heavy minerals progressively decrease seaward. Heavy minerals always constitute a substantially greater weight percent of the silt than of the sand fraction. Despite corroded surface textures suggestive of extensive weathering and dissolution, spatial trends in the detrital heavy-mineral populations are predominantly controlled by source and hydraulic factors. 相似文献
10.
闽江口表层沉积物中0.125—0.250mm粒级重矿物的分布与组合特征 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
着重研究了闽江口表层沉积物中０．１２５－０．２５０ｍｍ粒级的重矿物。结果表明，重矿物计有３４种，平均重量含量为１．９２％，主要矿物为磁铁矿，绿帘石、赤铁矿、角闪石、钛铁矿、锆石、云母等。与０．０６３－０．１２５ｍｍ粒级相比，虽然重矿物的种类相同，但其平均含量却低得多，显示闽江口重矿物富集于极细砂粒级中。 相似文献
11.
东海西北部陆架表层沉积物重矿物组合及其沉积环境指示 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
研究了东海陆架360个表层沉积物的碎屑矿物和粒度组成,利用R型聚类方法提取稳定重矿物和重矿物分异指数作为矿物分布规律的指示因子;根据快速聚类结果将重矿物组成分为3个区:东海陆架海侵体系域晚期残留砂体区、高位体系域晚期长江水下前三角洲和浙闽沿岸流泥质沉积区、高位体系域扬子浅滩沉积区。结合粒度参数和特征矿物分布、沉积物14C年龄对各区沉积环境进行讨论,确定陆架残留沉积和改造沉积的成因、长江水下三角洲和浙闽沿岸流泥质区的范围,以及对应不同海侵层序的矿物分异特征和物质"源-汇"关系。聚类分析虽能够指示同一物源碎屑矿物分布与沉积动力关系,但物源不同,聚类结果可能误导沉积环境分析。扬子浅滩表层砂体是在距今6~4和3~2 ka 的两个潮流沉积发育期形成的多期改造沙波沉积。 相似文献
12.
赵珍清 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1990,10(4):43-51
本文对南黄海浅层沉积物中的电气石、石榴子石、磷灰石和榍石的表面结构特征在扫描电镜下进行分析探讨,从而为该项工作的开展提供了依据。 相似文献
13.
南海北部陆架表层沉积物重矿物分布特征及物源意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
该文根据2007～2010年间对南海北部陆架采集的292个表层沉积物样品0．063～0．125mm粒级矿物的鉴定和分析结果,研究了该海域表层沉积物重矿物的分布特征和物质来源．结果表明：该海域矿物组成以轻组分矿物为主,平均质量百分数高达98．49％,重组分矿物的含量较低,平均值为1．51％,最高质量百分数仅为10．38％,共发现了60种重矿物．影响南海北部陆架表层沉积物重矿物的含量和分布的首要因素是水动力条件,其次是物质来源,其他因素如沉积环境、矿物自身的变质程度等也在一定程度上影响其分布特征．根据因子分析的因子荷载分布及南海北部陆架的地形地貌,研究区可划分为4个主要矿物组合区和2个亚区．分析结果表明,华南沿海的众多河流特别是珠江的入海泥沙是南海北部陆架表层沉积物的主要物质来源．海南岛东南部海底峡谷区处于相对稳定的沉积环境,胶结于有孔虫壳内的海洋自生黄铁矿含量丰富． 相似文献
14.
东营港海域表层沉积物分布及其运移趋势 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据2008年10月东营港海域表层沉积物粒度取样,结合水文观测和相关波浪资料,通过粒度分析以及粒径趋势矢量和掀沙动力等计算,探讨了沉积物的分布特征及其运移趋势。研究表明:东营港海域表层沉积物以黏土质粉砂为主,由岸向海呈"粗-细-粗-细"的条带状分布,相应地形成了沿岸最粗、近岸次细、远岸次粗和外海最细的4个沉积区,呈现出沉积物由粗沉积区向细沉积区运移的趋势;引堤阻隔了两侧潮流运动和波浪传播的连续性,引起引堤-引桥连接部位水流的辐聚或辐散,对于来自NE向的常强浪,引堤北侧为迎波区,南侧为波影区,致使沿岸和近岸的局部水动力场改变,从而造成了引堤南北侧沉积物分布和运移的差异。进一步研究显示,沉积物在总体上呈离岸运移,与余流呈偏东向的离岸流动基本一致。 相似文献
15.
采用国内目前常用的两种密度三溴甲烷重液(重液1,密度为2.87 g/cm3;重液2,密度为2.80 g/cm3),分别对黄河、长江、珠江等河流以及东海、南海等海区沉积物中的0.063~0.25 mm粒级进行了重矿物分离及对比实验。结果表明,重矿物分离过程中,两种重液的密度均发生了一定程度的变化,其中重液2的密度变化较大且呈整体增加趋势,而重液1密度则较为稳定。比较而言,重液2分离出的重矿物质量分数较重液1的稳定,尤其处理白云石质量分数较高(如长江)的沉积物时,重液2较重液1分离出的重矿物质量分数明显偏高。由于能有效区分方解石和白云石,重液2在分离东海、长江沉积物中的重矿物效果要好于重液1。为使分离出来的重矿物质量分数保持稳定,每次提取完重矿物的剩余重液2需重新配平至密度为2.80 g/cm3。对两种重液分离出来的重矿物质量分数进行了回归分析,结果显示两者有一定的相关性,并可建立一元线性回归方程将两种结果进行粗略转换。由于在重矿物分离过程中,损失的碎屑矿物很低(一般在个样总质量的1%以内),其对重矿物质量分数的影响可忽略不计。 相似文献
16.
可可西里BDQ0608钻孔沉积物色度环境意义及其影响因素 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
通过对青藏高原腹地可可西里边缘地区古湖泊体BDQ0608钻孔岩心分析发现,色度在干样和湿样测试中,它们的变化趋势相同,但值有很大的不同,a*和b*值变化较小,而L*值变化较大,达到了22.48,并且色度值随岩心明暗有很好的变化趋势,说明岩心颜色反映一定的成岩环境,可以作为一个环境指标来恢复过去环境。进一步分析认为,L*值高低变化主要是由于总有机碳含量高低引起的。粒度与L*相关分析表明,沉积环境的改变会影响总有机碳的储存情况,进而影响L*值的变化。通过对彩度Ca*b*与其他环境代用指标的分析,认为引起沉积物彩度Ca*b*值变化的主要原因可能是由于当时的温度和水分所引起的氧化-还原反应所生成的致色矿物。彩度Ca*b*值与磁化率、总有机碳和碳酸盐含量都呈正相关关系,而且高的彩度值通常与高的黏土组分含量变化表现出较好的一致性,说明彩度Ca*b*的高值可能指示了较高的湖面,此时研究区环境相对暖湿。 相似文献
17.
渤海湾西岸潮间带沉积物粒度分布特征 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
根据2003年12月在渤海湾西岸海河口南缘至歧口间岸段采集的4个柱状沉积物样品和6个表层样品的粒度分析结果,探讨了渤海湾西岸潮间带的粒度分布特征和沉积作用。结果表明,由北向南,表层沉积物逐渐变细,分选性变差。海河口南缘至独流减河之间的表层沉积物为分选良好的细砂,至歧口附近变为粉砂质粘土。在垂直方向上,表层以下一定深度内沉积物的平均粒径都存在一均匀层,层内沉积物为分选良好的细砂,此深度以下沉积物中的粘土含量增加。说明由于60年代之后的自然变化和人类活动,入海泥沙量减少,改变了潮间带沉积物原有的输沙与海滩发育模式,导致独流减河以北的砂质沉积物出现粗化现象。 相似文献
18.
Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
19.
Heavy minerals with a size range of 0.125～49.250 mm in the surficial sediment of Minjiang Estuary are studied. Thirty-four heavy minerals have been identified, with an average content of 1.92%. Major minerals include magnetite, epidote, hematite, hornblende, ilmenite, and zircon mica. These types are the same as those in the 0.063～0. 125 mm range; however, the average content is lower, which reveals that the heavy minerals in Minjiang Estuary are mainly enriched in the very-fine sand fraction. According to the content and distribution characteristics of the major heavy minerals, Minjiang Estuary can be divided into 4 mineral assemblage zones. In each zone the assemblage of heavy minerals is greatly affected by the hydrodynamic condition and the sedimentary environment. Heavy mineral types also show that detrital matters in Minjiang Estuary are originated from the weathering and erosion of the bedrock in the Minjiang River drainage area. 相似文献
20.
Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(3):181-195
Abstract Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2–25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献