共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 265 毫秒
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A. Zerger R.A. Viscarra Rossel D.L. Swain T. Wark R.N. Handcock V.A.J. Doerr G.J. Bishop-Hurley E.D. Doerr P.G. Gibbons C. Lobsey 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2010
Environmental sensor networks (ESNs) provide new opportunities for improving our understanding of the environment. In contrast to remote sensing technologies where measurements are made from large distances (e.g. satellite imagery, aerial photography, airborne radiometric surveys), ESNs focus on measurements that are made in close proximity to the target environmental phenomenon. Sensors can be used to collect a much larger number of measurements, which are quantitative and repeatable. They can also be deployed in locations that may otherwise be difficult to visit regularly. Sensors that are commonly used in the environmental sciences include ground-based multispectral vegetation sensors, soil moisture sensors, GPS tracking and bioacoustics for tracking movement in wild and domesticated animals. Sensors may also be coupled with wireless networks to more effectively capture, synthesise and transmit data to decision-makers. The climate and weather monitoring domains provide useful examples of how ESNs can provide real-time monitoring of environmental change (e.g. temperature, rainfall, sea-surface temperature) to many users. The objective of this review is to examine state-of-the-art use of ESNs for three environmental monitoring domains: (a) terrestrial vegetation, (b) animal movement and diversity, and (c) soil. Climate and aquatic monitoring sensor applications are so extensive that they are beyond the scope of this review. In each of the three application domains (vegetation, animals and soils) we review the technologies, the attributes that they sense and briefly examine the technical limitations. We conclude with a discussion of future directions. 相似文献
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Using Spatially Explicit Simulated Data to Analyze Animal Interactions: A Case Study with Brown Hyenas in Northern Botswana 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Jennifer A. Miller 《Transactions in GIS》2012,16(3):271-291
New developments in global positioning systems (GPS) and related satellite tracking technologies have facilitated the collection of highly accurate data on moving objects, far surpassing the ability to analyze them. Within geographic information science, ‘movement pattern analysis’ (MPA) has developed as a subfield that addresses concepts and theories used to explore the spatio‐temporal structure in data, although the methodological and analytical framework associated with MPA is new and still evolving. Interactions between individuals can be considered a second order property of movement and have been far less studied. The nature of interactions between individuals in a population is a fundamental aspect of a species' behavioral ecology and information on the frequency and duration of these interactions is vital to understanding mating and territorial behavior, resource use, and infectious disease epidemiology. The focus of this work was to explore how spatially explicit simulated data can be used to analyse dynamic interactions between individuals. Five different techniques that have been used to quantify dynamic interactions based on GPS data of pairs of individuals were utilised, and all were compared in the context of spatially explicit simulated data intended to represent biologically realistic null models for individual movement, and subsequently paired interactions. 相似文献
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监控视频的动态前景目标智能分析是平安城市、智慧园区等安防建设的重要基础,将监控视频与地理空间数据融合可为静态的地理数据赋予动态属性。针对传统监控视频与地理信息数据集成仅仅将视频数据投射至地理空间,造成存储难、视频内容理解难度大等问题,本文提出了前景动态目标与地理空间信息的融合模型,通过推导出的映射模型将图像空间中的动态前景目标及跟踪轨迹映射至地理空间中,达到将监控视频与地理信息有机融合的目的。根据不同的应用需求,本文设计了4种多图层融合显示模式,实现了监控视频中的动态前景目标在地理空间的可视化。 相似文献
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针对现有输送带检测装置不能有效检测输送带纵向撕裂、恶劣环境下可靠性低的问题,本文提出一种基于检测光幕的在线监测方法。该方法利用在输送带下方安装光幕传感器,连续采集输送带通过光幕传感器时的数据,对多组检测数据采用延时区间算法分析,计算光幕传感器发射的光线被连续遮挡的持续时间、移动方向和区间大小,结合输送带运行方向、区间大小间接检测输送带撕裂泄露问题。广东沙角c火电厂漏天料场应用表明,输送带纵向撕裂物料泄露检测率达95％以上,在恶劣环境下能正常运行。该方法有效解决了输送带检测装置可靠性差、抗干扰性低的问题,具有广阔的使用推广价值。 相似文献
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Zhixian Yan Jose Macedo Christine Parent Stefano Spaccapietra 《Transactions in GIS》2008,12(Z1):75-91
Many real world applications today are built on analyses of movement and related features. Examples of such applications include transportation management, urban planning, tourism services, and animal migration monitoring, among others. Recent database modeling and management research prototypes have the capability to store and manipulate movement data in terms of point or region geometries that evolve over time (moving point or moving and deforming region). This captures the spatio‐temporal trace left by a moving object, but ignores its links with non‐geometric information that enable a semantic interpretation of the movement of moving objects. The concept of trajectory has been introduced to express a more semantic understanding of movement, taking it closer to the perception of applications. This article describes a framework for a semantics‐oriented structuring, modeling and querying of trajectory data. The framework relies on the definition of trajectory‐related ontologies, addressing domain‐independent and application‐specific geometric and semantic facets. Last we briefly discuss how the proposed approach has been applied for a traffic management application. 相似文献
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研究Kalman滤波和自适应Kalman滤波算法,结合边坡监测点的运动模型将其应用于边坡变形监测动态数据变形预测。利用小湾水电站二号山梁高边坡GPS监测数据进行实验研究。结果表明,自适应Kalman滤波在边坡三维形变预测及变形速率估算方面有很好的预测结果。 相似文献
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智能交通是智慧城市的重要组成部分,面对复杂多变的道路背景,如何能够快速检测、跟踪道路监控影像中的动态目标,是智能交通建设的关键技术难点。本文根据道路监控视频特点,提出了采用道路约束条件与颜色特征集相结合的动态目标跟踪方法,以道路约束条件确定运动目标搜索区域,利用HSV颜色特征集进行特征匹配,然后基于ⅡR滤波背景法对背景影像进行更新及动态目标的检测,并根据道路约束条件与颜色特征相结合跟踪方法实现对动态目标的跟踪及动作预测。试验结果表明该方法可准确对运动目标进行检测与跟踪,且对慢速运动目标也具有较好的响应能力,实现了对道路动态目标的实时检测与跟踪。 相似文献
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Location‐Based Services (LBS) are the delivery of information to mobile devices customised to location and context of the user. Some research has focused on data content, while other studies have emphasised the role of multimedia communication. However, very few objective tests have been carried out concerning usage and behaviour. In this paper, a conceptual model and a LBS test environment are presented which aim to study the behaviour and interaction between environments, individuals and mobile devices. The test environment was created, for this purpose, with three main components: urban VR models that allow individuals to ‘walk around’ at street level, a mobile device as information source which simulates LBS applications, and software for recording participant actions and reactions within the test environment. Multi‐source data were collected regarding movement tracking, information accessed through mobile device and participant observations using a combination of automated and semi‐automated methods. A case study on pedestrian wayfinding in urban settings is presented. This illustrates how the test environment can be used for LBS applications and how the data collected can be analysed. The research presented in this paper provides a novel approach in studying and understanding the interaction between environments, individuals and mobile devices. 相似文献
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实时GIS时空数据模型 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为满足动态目标与传感器等实时观测数据获取、存储、管理、分析与可视化的要求,需要发展一种新型地理信息系统—实时GIS。本文根据实时GIS中各种地理要素的特点以及存贮管理要求,提出了一种面向动态地理对象与动态过程模拟的实时GIS时空数据模型,它将时空过程、地理对象、事件、事件类型、状态、观测等相关要素整合在一个时空数据模型中。基于该模型研发了新一代实时GIS,并以四种动态地理对象（包括移动对象、原位传感器对象、视频对象和过程模拟对象）的时空数据的实时接入、存储与可视化为例,验证的模型的可行性。 相似文献
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应用ＧＰＳ取代传统的地表变形监测网,可以提高外业观测的效率,而ＧＰＳ观测值上三维基线向量,平差结果是地心坐标系的三维坐标。通过多项重复观测数据的动态平差,可获得各监测站的三维移动,三维速率,并可求出加速率。本文研究了三维监测网的分期动态平差方法,平差基准的选取和平差成果的利用。 相似文献
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The emergence of technologies capable of storing detailed records of object locations has presented scientists and researchers with a wealth of data on object movement. Yet analytical methods for investigating more advanced research questions from such detailed movement datasets remain limited in scope and sophistication. Recent advances in the study of movement data has focused on characterizing types of dynamic interactions, such as single‐file motion, while little progress has been made on quantifying the degree of such interactions. In this article, we introduce a new method for measuring dynamic interactions (termed DI) between pairs of moving objects. Simulated movement datasets are used to compare DI with an existing correlation statistic. Two applied examples, team sports and wildlife, are used to further demonstrate the value of the DI approach. The DI method is advantageous in that it measures interaction in both movement direction (termed azimuth) and displacement. Also, the DI approach can be applied at local, interval, episodal, and global levels of analysis. However the DI method is limited to situations where movements of two objects are recorded at simultaneous points in time. In conclusion, DI quantifies the level of dynamic interaction between two moving objects, allowing for more thorough investigation of processes affecting interactive moving objects. 相似文献
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对现有融合雷达与视觉的车辆检测方法进行改进,增加目标跟踪过程,进一步提升城市复杂环境下智能车前方车辆信息感知的准确性。首先,针对雷达数据处理,提出一种基于层次聚类的雷达杂波剔除方法;其次,针对视觉数据处理,提出一种基于目标景深的自适应车辆检测方法;最后,提出一种基于核相关滤波器（kernelized correlation filter,KCF）-扩展卡尔曼滤波（extended Kalman filter,EKF）组合滤波的目标跟踪方法,对车辆几何与运动信息进行了有效估计。通过在不同交通环境与天气状况下进行实车实验,结果证明,该方法具有更好的可靠性与鲁棒性。 相似文献
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The increasingly large volume of trajectories of moving entities obtained through GPS and cellphone tracking, telemetry, and other location-aware technologies motivates researchers to understand the implicit patterns hidden in movement trajectories and understand how movement is influenced by the environmental context. Trajectory similarity serves as an important tool in computational movement analysis and as the foundation of revealing those patterns. However, there are various trajectory similarity measures, each of which has its own strengths and weaknesses. In this article, we present a hierarchical clustering framework that integrates five commonly used similarity measures, including Fréchet distance, dynamic time warping, Hausdorff distance, longest common subsequence, and normalized weighted edit distance, a special kind of edit distance for movement analysis. The framework aims at clustering similar patterns and identifying variability in movement. The optimal number of clusters are first obtained. Then, the clusters are characterized by environmental variables to explore the associations between variability in movement and the environmental conditions. We evaluate the proposed framework using 15 years of tracking data of turkey vultures, tracked at 1- to 3-h sampling intervals, during their fall and spring migration seasons. The results suggest that, at 5% significance level, turkey vultures select their movement paths intentionally and those selections appear to be related to certain environmental context variables, including thermal uplift, vegetation state (observed indirectly through Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), temperature, precipitation, tailwind, and crosswind. And interestingly, there exist preferential differences among individuals. Although the preference of the same turkey vulture is not strictly consistent over different years, each individual tends to preserve a more similar preference over different years, compared with the preferences of other turkey vultures. 相似文献
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Anastasia Petrenko Anton Sizo Winchel Qian A. Dylan Knowles Amin Tavassolian Kevin Stanley Scott Bell 《Transactions in GIS》2014,18(3):351-369
The popularization of tracking devices, such as GPS, accelerometers and smartphones, have made it possible to detect, record, and analyze new patterns of human movement and behavior. However, employing GPS alone for indoor localization is not always possible due to the system's inability to determine location inside buildings or in places of signal occlusion. In this context, the application of local wireless networks for determining position is a promising alternative solution, although they still suffer from a number of limitations due to energy and IT‐resources. Our research outlines the potential for employing indoor wireless network positioning and sensor‐based systems to improve the collection of tracking data indoors. By applying various methods of GIScience we developed a methodology that can be applicable for diverse human indoor mobility analysis. To show the advantage of the proposed method, we present the result of an experiment that included mobility analysis of 37 participants. We tracked their movements on a university campus over the course of 41 days and demonstrated that their movement behavior can be successfully studied with our proposed method. 相似文献
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监控视频中动态目标的精准定位与跟踪作为计算机视觉领域中重要的研究方向,近年来已成为监控领域的研究热点。传统视频动态目标检测仅依赖图像特征数据,忽略了与地理坐标系精准匹配,特别是对于多个摄像机覆盖的区域,拍摄的角度不同,投影后形成的图像空间分辨率也不同,因此,难以满足智能监控在复杂的地理场景中全方位时空信息感知。本文提出一种多摄像头协同的视频监控图像与地理空间数据互映射模型构建方法来获取动态目标的轮廓和地理位置等时空信息,首先建立监控图像信息与地理空间数据的互映射关系,将观测角度不同、尺度不同和空间分辨率的监控图像置于同一坐标系下,并在此基础上通过融合Canny算子与背景减法来检测目标的边缘信息;然后采用质心偏移算法还原目标在该场景的实际位置,从而实现多角度下连续跟踪,提升地理场景的时空理解力和分析力,提高动态目标的精准定位与跟踪能力。 相似文献
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遥感图像的多时相特性为城镇扩展动态监测提供了可供定性及定量分析的丰富来源。本文应用2009~2014年的多源高分辨率遥感卫星影像数据对兰州市城镇扩展进行了年度动态遥感监测分析,监测结果表明:兰州市近几年城镇扩展年际变化明显,与人口、经济和政策的驱动作用紧密相关。基于多源高分辨卫星影像进行城镇扩展年度动态监测的方法具有实用性,并且监测频次高、精度高,更具现势性。 相似文献