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1.
Brett K Lord-Castillo Bruce R Mate Dawn J Wright Tomas Follett 《Transactions in GIS》2009,13(S1):63-83
The Arc Marine data model is a generalized template to guide the implementation of geographic information systems (GIS) projects in the marine environment. It developed out of a collaborative process involving research and industry shareholders in coastal and marine research. This template models and attempts to standardize common ocean and coastal data types to facilitate data sharing and analytical tool development. In this study, Arc Marine is extended from its core model to fit the research goals of the whale satellite-telemetry-tagging program of the Oregon State University Marine Mammal Institute (MMI). The study sought the best customization of the generic Arc Marine data model to enhance the key advantages of satellite telemetry for mapping the distribution and movement of endangered marine mammal species. It was found that three new groups of object classes were needed (Animal, Telemetry, and Operations). Further customization involved the development of a comprehensive framework for animal tracking with Argos satellite telemetry data. A new multidimensional data cube model was also devised, showing how this extension of Arc Marine serves as an appropriate target schema for the application of on-line analytical processing (OLAP) tools and spatial data mining of satellite telemetry tracking datasets. 相似文献
2.
A data model for use in a rapid environmental assessment system is constructed. The data model is used in an information layer that supports acoustic assessments of the ocean environment. Such an assessment requires use of both historic and real‐time oceanographic data. The foundation of the data model is Arc Marine, a framework specification for geospatial oceanographic databases that provides structures for containing the basic data types used in oceanographic research. Arc Marine also allows design extensions to account for application specific data structures as demonstrated through incorporation of aspects of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 19115 Geographic Information–Metadata standard. The ISO 19115 standard provides structures for recording the historic processing of the data sets. The data model is used to construct a database in the open source database management system (DBMS) PostgreSQL. The resulting system also incorporates the concept of user exits, the seamless extension of the DBMS through inclusion of application‐specific software. 相似文献
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Arc Hydro水文数据模型 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
水文和水资源管理是地理信息系统的重要应用。ERSI联合得克萨斯大学的水资源研究中心(CRWR),在通用的面向对象地理数据模型Geodatabase的基础上,设计并开发了具有时间序列功能的水文数据模型———Arc Hydro,经过逐步改进,已经比较成熟,可以应用于实际项目。本文详细介绍了Arc Hydro的地理空间数据模型以及所带的工具集。 相似文献
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In Geographic Information Systems (GIS), geoprocessing workflows allow analysts to organize their methods on spatial data in complex chains. We propose a method for expressing workflows as linked data, and for semi-automatically enriching them with semantics on the level of their operations and datasets. Linked workflows can be easily published on the Web and queried for types of inputs, results, or tools. Thus, GIS analysts can reuse their workflows in a modular way, selecting, adapting, and recommending resources based on compatible semantic types. Our typing approach starts from minimal annotations of workflow operations with classes of GIS tools, and then propagates data types and implicit semantic structures through the workflow using an OWL typing scheme and SPARQL rules by backtracking over GIS operations. The method is implemented in Python and is evaluated on two real-world geoprocessing workflows, generated with Esri's ArcGIS. To illustrate the potential applications of our typing method, we formulate and execute competency questions over these workflows. 相似文献
7.
通过简要介绍Python语言在ArcGIS中采用Add-In插件进行菜单开发的流程,提出了在ArcGIS进行数据处理时,开发人员应使用的一种简便易行的开发方式。 相似文献
8.
农村集体土地所有权确权登记发证成果逐年进行更新备案,为确保更新后的数据库成果符合地籍数据库入库标准,依据数据标准设计了正确、全面的质检规则,基于质检规则并利用ArcGIS Model Builder、Python语言开发了数据库质检软件。本文以怀集县为例,通过该软件实现了入库前自动化、可视化检查,通过ArcGIS Server将软件设计的质检模型发布为GP服务,可为国土资源日常管理提供强大的工具保障。 相似文献
9.
One of the fundamental issues of geographical information science is to design GIS interfaces and functionalities in a way that is easy to understand, teach, and use. Unfortunately, current geographical information systems (including ArcGIS) remains very difficult to use as spatial analysis tools, because they organize and expose functionalities according to GIS data structures and processing algorithms. As a result, GIS interfaces are conceptually confusing, cognitively complex, and semantically disconnected from the way human reason about spatial analytical activities. In this article, we propose an approach that structures GIS analytical functions based on the notion of “analytical intent”. We describe an experiment that replaces ArcGIS desktop interface with a conversational interface, to enable mixed‐initiative user‐system interactions at the level of analytical intentions. We initially focus on the subset of GIS functions that are relevant to “finding what's inside” as described by Mitchell, but the general principles apply to other types of spatial analysis. This work demonstrates the feasibility of delegating some spatial thinking tasks to computational agents, and also raises future research questions that are key to building a better theory of spatial thinking with GIS. 相似文献
10.
Fourier transforms have been used in the analysis of landscapes that exhibit the influence of cyclic structures or other morphogenetic controls. Two‐dimensional Fourier transforms have been most successful when modeling features with a high frequency over the sample space. This research focuses on applications of 2D discrete Fourier transforms for karst and spur and groove coral reefs, using ArcGIS geoprocessing tools extended with Python NumPy numerical methods. Ten‐meter digital elevation data from Puerto Rico and Kentucky holokarst landscapes and five‐meter bathymetry from more unidirectional spur and groove coral reefs at Midway Atoll were analyzed. Our method identifies the dominant contributing waves in frequency space, and analyzed power contributions by 5° and 15° azimuth bins. A limiting factor in this analysis is the spatial extent of consistent morphology in the landscape. In contrast to time‐domain Fourier analysis, dominant landform frequencies can thus be of low magnitude, creating an imprecise estimate of wave morphometry and direction since this is derived from the combination of inverted x and y frequency values, and the limited frequency grain inherent in the discrete model degrades precision in the solution. Simulated karst and spur & groove landscapes were used to evaluate the grain of waveform orientation solutions. 相似文献
11.
none 《The Cartographic journal》2013,50(1):69-78
AbstractNetCDF (Network Common Data Form) is a data sharing protocol and library that is commonly used in large-scale atmospheric and environmental data archiving and modeling. The NetCDF tool described here, named NCWin and coded with Borland C + + Builder, was built as a standard executable as well as a COM (component object model) for the Microsoft Windows environment. COM is a powerful technology that enhances the reuse of applications (as components). Environmental model developers from different modeling environments, such as Python, JAVA, VISUAL FORTRAN, VISUAL BASIC, VISUAL C + +, and DELPHI, can reuse NCWin in their models to read, write and visualize NetCDF data. Some Windows applications, such as ArcGIS and Microsoft PowerPoint, can also call NCWin within the application. NCWin has three major components: 1) The data conversion part is designed to convert binary raw data to and from NetCDF data. It can process six data types (unsigned char, signed char, short, int, float, double) and three spatial data formats (BIP, BIL, BSQ); 2) The visualization part is designed for displaying grid map series (playing forward or backward) with simple map legend, and displaying temporal trend curves for data on individual map pixels; and 3) The modeling interface is designed for environmental model development by which a set of integrated NetCDF functions is provided for processing NetCDF data. To demonstrate that the NCWin can easily extend the functions of some current GIS software and the Office applications, examples of calling NCWin within ArcGIS and MS PowerPoint for showing NetCDF map animations are given. 相似文献
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The emergence of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) as an important tool in the analysis of spatial phenomena has been mirrored by the evolution of the data models underpinning such systems. When considering vector‐based solutions, such developments have seen a migration from single‐user, file‐based, topological hybrid models to multi‐user database management system (DBMS) based integrated formats, often with no inherent topology. With all these solutions still being readily available, the decision of which to employ for a given application is a complicated one. This study analyses the performance of a number of vector data storage formats for use with ESRI's ArcGIS, with the aim to facilitate the ‘intelligent selection’ of an appropriate solution. Such a solution will depend upon the application domain and both single‐user and multi‐user (corporate) scenarios are considered. Findings indicate that single‐user ESRI coverages and multi‐user ArSDE/Oracle strategies perform better when considering the range of GIS operations used to evaluate data store performance. 相似文献
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《测量评论》2013,45(43):258-269
AbstractWork on the original Geodetic Tavistock Theodolite was commenced in the autumn of 1931, and after suitable tests this instrument was sent out to East Africa and used on the East African Arc. Bt Major M. Hotine, R.E., writing in the E.S.R. of April 1935 (no. 16, vol. iii), stated: “The Tavistock instrument, although a first model, gave uniformly satisfactory service throughout and was used for over half the main angular observations.” 相似文献
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基于MapGIS6．X研究和ArcGIS9．0平台的数据格式转换研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文深入讨论了MapGIS和ArcGIS两种GIS软件的数据格式,并详细介绍了MapGIS6．X和ArcGIS9．0的数据互相转换过程。在MapGIS向ArcGIS数据转换时,首先将MapGIS6．X转换为E00格式,然后在ArcCatolog中将E00数据转换为Coverage格式,转换后对于多边形数据需要在Arc中进行拓扑重建,然后由Coverage格式就可以转换成ArcGIS9．0的任意格式。 相似文献
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Application of GIS to estimate soil erosion using RUSLE 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
Mushtak Talib Jabbar 《地球空间信息科学学报》2003,6(1):34-37
This paper describes the use of the Arc/Info and ArcView GIS tools to estimate soil erosion with Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE).Calculations are be done by using capabilities available.This study start with a digital elevation model(DEM) of Shaanxi,which was created by digitizing contour and spot heights from the topographic map on 1:250000 scale and grid themes for the USLE K and C factors.It is note worthy that USLE K can be obtained by adding the K factor as an attribute to a soil theme‘s table.The C can be obtained from tables or using the information about land use and management given by USLE program.A land use theme can be used to add the C factors as an attribute field.The purpose of this study is to establish spatial information of soil erosion using USLE and GIS and discuss the analysis of the soil erosion and slope failures in GIS and formulate the possible framework. 相似文献
16.
针对DEM转换等高线时,现有方法不能方便、有效处理好曲线光滑与地貌精度损失之间的关系,提出了基于坡度分区滤波的DEM转换等高线方法。对不同的坡度分区采用不同大小的窗口进行均值滤波,并对滤波高程差值进行控制,较好地处理了曲线光滑与地貌精度损失之间的关系;同时,对计曲线之间的窄部首曲线进行自动识别和打断删除。基于该方法,利用ArcGIS+Python脚本开发了DEM到等高线自动转换工具,在数字广西地理空间框架建设1：1万DLG项目的等高线采集工作中得到了初步应用,取得了良好的效果。 相似文献
17.
Analysis on the global morphology of stratospheric gravity wave activity deduced from the COSMIC GPS occultation profiles 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Monthly mean global morphologies of potential energy density E
p
from stratospheric gravity waves are revealed by observations of COSMIC GPS radio occultation. The E
p
is obtained from vertical wavelengths ranging from 2 to 10 km over cells of 1° × 2° in latitude and longitude. The computed
values confirm previous results and obtain new ones. The large gravity wave E
p
values found in the tropics between 25°N and 25°S could be mainly due to the strong tropical cumulus convection; July values
are larger than those for January (2007). In mid and high latitudes, the most prominent features of the northern winter hemisphere
are the enhanced densities above the Eurasian continent and the North Atlantic and the depressed E
p
values above the North Pacific and North America for which topography, wind sources and wind filtering may be responsible.
In southern winter hemisphere, large E
p
values are found around 180° and 300° longitudes that are likely due to the topography of the Antarctic plateau, the Antarctic
Peninsula and South America. Enhanced E
p
values are found over Scandinavia. However, there is no clear evidence to show that gravity waves are localized over the
Rocky Mountains, the Himalayas and the Andes. Topography and planetary wave modulations are proposed to interpret the large-scale
longitudinal variations and inter-hemisphere asymmetry of the GW activity. 相似文献
18.
以海南1∶50 000 DLG道路数据与地理国情要素道路数据为主要研究对象,利用ArcGIS二次开发平台、Python语言编写脚本,快速实现了二者之间的自动转换,并将此脚本运用到不同要素层,提高了数据整合的工作效率。 相似文献
19.
基于Python的ArcGIS地理数据批处理 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
ArcGIS地理处理工具一般只针对单个数据集执行,而运用Python脚本语言可以实现地理数据的批处理。本文以原始DEM影像插值生成特定空间分辨率的DEM影像为例,给出数据批处理的具体实现过程。 相似文献