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关于GPS测时精度与共视问题 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
讨论并澄清实际工作中发现的一些问题和模糊认识,这些问题涉及GPS在时间比对方面的方法、精度、国际GPS共视观测的意义．文章分析了GPS接收机时间比对中可能出现的问题及其影响。 相似文献
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从1995年起,GPS 共视法时间比对技术成为用于国际原子时 TAI 归算中使用的一种主要时间连接手段。由于许多因素诸如 SA 对 GPS 共视比对精度的影响.BIPM 一直在建议使用其它具有ns 准确度潜力的时间传递手段,比如“GLONASS 共视法时间比对”和“卫星双向法时间比对”等手段。当前国际上装备 GLONASS 系统并进行常规共视比对的实验室主要有8个:DLRL(德国)、LDS(英国)、SU(俄罗斯)、VSL(荷兰)、NIST 和 USNO(美国)、CRL(日本),当然还有 BIPM。 相似文献
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共视法和综合法的GPS时间同步精度比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
胡锦伦 《中国科学院上海天文台年刊》2000,12(21):140-143
对共视法和综合法的GPS时间比对对得到的两地协调世界的时间同步精度进行了比较,两种方法各有特点,都有实用价值,严格共视的GPS时间同步精度为5－10ns,不严格共视的GPS的时间同步精度为10－20ns,综合的GPS时间同步精度为6－12ns. 相似文献
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GPS共视比对(GPS CV)是国际原子时进行时间连接的主要手段之一,即使在有TWSTFT(卫星双向时间频率传递)的实验室GPS也作为时间比对的备用手段而存在,而且TWSTFT系统启用时需用GPS做校准。国际权度局(BIPM)为了减小比对误差,对一些时间实验室的GPS接收机进行不定期校准。国家授时中心(NTSC)利用BIPM给出的校准报告对NTSC时间基准实验室的GPS定时型接收机的内部时延及相关数据进行修正,使UTC(NTSC)的准确度得到提高。 相似文献
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截至目前，用于TAI计算的GPS共视时间传递链路采用固定链路，以CRL、NIST和OP作为3个主要中心站，形成一个连接全球约50个时间实验室的时间比对链路，采用固定链路是为TAI计算方便，而人为规定的，具有简单、工作量较小等特点，但是整个TAI GPS共视时间比对对这3个中心站的依赖度过高，一旦这3个中心站不能正常观测，将影响TAI的计算，就GPS共视法这种技术本身而言，可支持任意链路的时间比对，并可形成网络化的比对结果，在TAI计算时，对GPS共视比对结果，采用网平差处理技术，可提高TAI计算的可靠性，避免因中心站观测故障而导致一个区无法参加比对的情况发生。 相似文献
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用于JATC的GPS CV时间比对中的数据处理 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
GPS CV(共视)时间传递技术将在重建的我国的综合原子时(JATC)系统中起重要作用。介绍了GPSCV时间比对中共视数据的选取和消除观测数据中的随机噪声的方法，对GPS共视时间比对中的电离层时延改正和几何时延改正方法作了阐述，给出了对NTSC(中国科学院国家授时中心)与CRL(日本通信研究所，现已更名为国家信息和通信技术研究院(NICT))两个时间实验室之间的共视比对数据的计算结果。 相似文献
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GPS共视时间比对中的电离层时延改正问题 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
众所周知，GPS共视是目前国际上主要的时间传递比对技术，其中扣除电离层时延是很重要的一个方面。介绍了如何采用国际GPS服务中心(IGS-International GPS Service)公布的电离总电子含量(TEC-Total Electron Content)图来进行电离层时延改正。结果表明：对于单频GPS接收机，采用TEC图作电离层时延改正后的单站定时和共视比对精度比用理论模型作改正的精度有很大的提高。通过比较还表明，亚太地区的时间实验室之室的时间传递精度比欧美地区的要低，这可能是因为亚太地区用于测量TEC的IGS测站少，因而导致该地区的TEC的精度较低。 相似文献
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为了更好地计算GPS CV（共视）时间传递中的电离层时延值（它是影响CPS CV比对结果精度的主要因素之一）,介绍了当前3种电离层时延的计算方法,并以NICT（National Institute of Information and Communications Technology）单站GPS比对数据及NICT与NTSC（National Time Service Center）的GPS共视比对数据为例,分析比较了不同的电离层时延计算方法对GPS时间比对结果精度的影响。计算结果表明：利用双频实测电离层时延和利用ICS（International GPS Service）提供的TEC（total electton content）map计算的电离层时延对GPS CV比对结果修正后的精度,比利用电离层改正模型的时延对比对结果修正后的精度分别提高30％～40％和20％～30％。 相似文献
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CSAO多通道GPS／GLONASS接收机试运行结果 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
陕西天文台(CSAO)的多通道GPS/GLONASS接收机(R100/30T)自2001年6月起处于试运行阶段,经过系统调整和反复调试,两套接收机从8月8日以来取得正常接收结果.对两套接收机作了零基线共视比对,单通道GPS的单个记录的比对精度达±1.79ns;在同一时间多通道GPS比对平均值的精度达±0.82ns.GLONASS P码单通道的单个记录比对精度达±0.82ns,多通道平均值的精度达±0.57ns.上述精度与国际上同类型接收机相比较说明,CSAO的这两套R100/30T的质量较好(噪声小).CRL和CSAO的R100/30T数据的共视比对结果说明,把多通道GPS/GLONASS接收机用于远距离时间比对(尚未进行精密星历表改正),精度可以达到±4.79ns (GPS C/A码)和±2.27ns (GLONASS P码). 相似文献
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Laura Schaefer 《Icarus》2004,169(1):216-241
We modified the MAGMA chemical equilibrium code developed by Fegley and Cameron (1987, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 82, 207-222) and used it to model vaporization of high temperature silicate lavas on Io. The MAGMA code computes chemical equilibria in a melt, between melt and its equilibrium vapor, and in the gas phase. The good agreement of MAGMA code results with experimental data and with other computer codes is demonstrated. The temperature-dependent pressure and composition of vapor in equilibrium with lava is calculated from 1700 to 2400 K for 109 different silicate lavas in the ONaKFeSiMgCaAlTi system. Results for five lavas (tholeiitic basalt, alkali basalt, Barberton komatiite, dunite, and a molten type B1 Ca, Al-rich inclusion) are discussed in detail. The effects of continuous fractional vaporization on chemistry of these lavas and their equilibrium vapor are presented. The predicted abundances (relative to Na) of K, Fe, Si, Al, Ca, and Ti in the vapor equilibrated with lavas at 1900 K are lower than published upper limits for Io's atmosphere (which do not include Mg). We predict evaporative loss of alkalis, Fe, and Si during volcanic eruptions. Sodium is more volatile than K, and the Na/K ratio in the gas is decreased by fractional vaporization. This process can match Io's atmospheric Na/K ratio of 10±3 reported by Brown (2001, Icarus 151, 190-195). Silicon monoxide is an abundant species in the vapor above lavas. Spectroscopic searches are recommended for SiO at IR and mm wavelengths. Reactions of metallic vapors with S- and Cl-bearing volcanic gases may form other unusual gases including MgCl2, MgS, MgCl, FeCl2, FeS, FeCl, and SiS. 相似文献
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《中国天文和天体物理学报》2014,(10)
正Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics publishes original research papers and reviews on all branches of astronomy and astrophysics.Reviews are by invitation only.Important new results that require rapid publication can be submitted as a Letter(Letters must be restricted in length to 6 printed pages).Authors who submit a paper are expected to be able to certify that the paper is original work, 相似文献
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Laura Schaefer 《Icarus》2005,173(2):454-468
We use chemical equilibrium calculations to model the speciation of alkalis and halogens in volcanic gases emitted on Io. The calculations cover wide temperature (500-2000 K) and pressure (10−6 to 10+1 bars) ranges, which overlap the nominal conditions at Pele (T=1760 K, P=0.01 bars). About 230 compounds of 11 elements (O, S, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, F, Cl, Br, I) are considered. The elemental abundances for O, S, Na, K, and Cl are based upon observations. CI chondritic elemental abundances relative to sulfur are used for the other alkalis and halogens (as yet unobserved on Io). We predict the major alkali species in Pele-like volcanic gases and the percentage distribution of each alkali are LiCl (73%), LiF (27%); NaCl (81%), Na (16%), NaF (3%); KCl (91%), K (5%), KF (4%); RbCl (93%), Rb (4%), RbF (3%); CsCl (92%), CsF (6%), Cs (2%). Likewise the major halogen species and the percentage distribution of each halogen are NaF (88%), KF (10%), LiF (2%); NaCl (89%), KCl (11%); NaBr (89%), KBr (10%), Br (1%); NaI (61%), I (30%), KI (9%). We predict the major halogen condensates and their condensation temperatures at P=0.01 bar are NaF (1115 K), LiF (970 K); NaCl (1050 K), KCl (950 K); KBr (750 K), RbBr (730 K), CsBr (645 K); and solid I2 (200 K). We also model disequilibrium chemistry of the alkalis and halogens in the volcanic plume. Based on this work and our prior modeling for Na, K, and Cl in a volcanic plume, we predict the major loss processes for the alkali halide gases are photolysis and/or condensation onto grains. Their estimated photochemical lifetimes range from a few minutes for alkali iodides to a few hours for alkali fluorides. Condensation is apparently the only loss process for elemental iodine. On the basis of elemental abundances and photochemical lifetimes, we recommend searching for gaseous KCl, NaF, LiF, LiCl, RbF, RbCl, CsF, and CsCl around volcanic vents during eruptions. Based on abundance considerations and observations of brown dwarfs we also recommend a search of Io's extended atmosphere and the Io plasma torus for neutral and ionized Li, Cs, Rb, and F. 相似文献
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In this paper, we investigate the dynamics of Born–Infeld (B–I) phantom model in the ω–ω′ plane, which is defined by the equation of state parameter for the dark energy and its derivative with respect to N (the logarithm of the scale factor a). We find the scalar field equation of motion in ω–ω′ plane, and show mathematically the property of attractor solutions which correspond to ω
φ
∼−1, Ω
φ
=1, which avoid the “Big rip” problem and meets the current observations well.
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In astronomical observations at optical wavelengths, a fast image tracking system can be adopted to reduce the effects of the atmospheric seeing and telescopic tracking error, and therefore improve the observing efficiency. Aiming at the need of astronomical observations, totally 5 kinds of algorithms in two categories were selected to make a comparative study on their accuracies and stabilities under different noise conditions by both numerical experiment and laboratory test. The results indicate that the normalized cross-correlation method and barycenter method have not only a higher accuracy but also a better reliability against interferences, they will be applied to the high-resolution spectrograph of the Xinglong 2.16 m telescope and the scienti?c instruments of the SONG (Stellar Observations Network Group) project, respectively. 相似文献
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Marcelo Samuel Berman 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2008,314(1-3):79-82
A combined BCDE (Brans-Dicke and Einstein-Cartan) theory with lambda-term is developed through Raychaudhuri’s equation, for
inflationary scenario. It involves a variable cosmological constant, which decreases with time, jointly with energy density,
cosmic pressure, shear, vorticity, and Hubble’s parameter, while the scale factor, total spin and scalar field increase exponentially.
The post-inflationary fluid resembles a perfect one, though total spin grows, but the angular speed does not (Astrophys. Space
Sci. 312: 275, 2007d).
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Yehouda Enzel Rivka Amit Uri Dayan Onn Crouvi Ron Kahana Baruch Ziv David Sharon 《Global and Planetary Change》2008,60(3-4):165-192
Modern-day synoptic-scale eastern Mediterranean climatology provides a useful context to synthesize the diverse late Pleistocene (60–12 ka) paleohydrologic and paleoenvironmental indicators of past climatic conditions in the Levant and the deserts to its south and east. We first critically evaluate, extract, and summarize paleoenvironmental and paleohydrologic records. Then, we propose a framework of eastern Mediterranean atmospheric circulation features interacting with the morphology and location of the southeast Mediterranean coast. Together they strongly control the spatial distribution of rainfall and wind pattern. This cyclone–physiography interaction enforces the observed rainfall patterns by hampering rainfall generation south and southeast of the latitude of the north Sinai coast, currently at 31°15′.The proposed framework explains the much-increased rains in Lebanon and northern Israel and Jordan as deduced from pollen, rise and maintenance of Lake Lisan, and speleothem formation in areas currently arid and semiarid. The proposed framework also accounts for the southward and eastward transition into semiarid, arid, and hyperarid deserts as expressed in thick loess accumulation at the deserts' margins, dune migration from west to east in the Sinai and the western Negev, and the formation of hyperarid (< 80 mm yr− 1) gypsic–salic soils in the southern Negev and Sinai. Our climatic synthesis explains the hyperarid condition in the southern Negev, located only 200–250 km south of the much-increased rains in the north, probably reflecting a steeper rainfall gradient than the present-day gradient from the wetter Levant into its bordering southern and eastern deserts.At present, the rainiest winter seasons in Lebanon and northern and central Israel are associated with more frequent (+ 20%), deeper Cyprus Lows traversing the eastern Mediterranean at approximately the latitude of southern Turkey. Even these wettest years in northern Israel do not yield above average annual rainfall amounts in the hyperarid southern Negev. This region is mainly influenced by the Active Red Sea Troughs that produce only localized rains. The eastern Mediterranean Cyprus Lows also produce more dust storms and transport higher amounts of suspended dust to the loess area than any other atmospheric pattern. Concurrent rainfall and dust are essential to the late Pleistocene formation of the elongated thick loess zone along the desert northern margin. Even with existing dust storms, the lack of rain and very sparse vegetation account for the absence of late Pleistocene loess sequences from the southern Negev and the formation of hyperarid soils.When the north Sinai coast shifted 30–70 km northwest due to last glacial global sea level lowering, the newly exposed coastal areas supplied the sand and dust to these active eastern Mediterranean cyclones. This enforced the latitude of the northern boundary of the loess zone to be directly due east of the LGM shoreline. This shift of coast to the northwest inhibited rainfall in the southern Levant deserts and maintained their hyperaridity. Concurrently, frequent deep eastern Mediterranean Cyprus Lows were funneled along the northern Mediterranean increasing (probably doubling) the rains in central and northern Israel, Lebanon, southwestern Syria and northern Jordan. These storms and rains formed lakes, forests, and speleothems only a short distance north of the deserts in the southern Levant. 相似文献
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Philippe Stee 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2003,286(1-2):225-236
Interferometry in the visible provides milliarcsecond spatial resolution and thus has been used for studying the circumstellar
environment of active hot stars. In this paper I will illustrate how the visibility modulus and phase can be used to better
constrain the physics of Be disks through results from the VLA, the MkII and the GI2T interferometers. I will insist on the
importance and the potential of coupling high angular resolution with high spectral resolution to the study of Be shells.
Finally I will present a possible study of the circumstellar disk of Be stars using the VLTI.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献