共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 725 毫秒
1.
国际科学大洋钻探计划对全球海平面变化问题的关注始于1980年代初,至今已在被动大陆边缘、孤立碳酸盐台地、混积台地边缘、平顶海山等不同类型海区执行了23个与海平面变化相关的专题航次,采集了大量的钻探资料,为全球海平面变化研究提供了关键信息。依据这些资料,重建了近100 Ma以来的全球海平面变化历史,检验了Exxon的层序地层模型和海平面假说,明确了海平面变化的地层响应,建立了南极冰盖演化与海平面变化的关系。尽管如此,科学大洋钻探海平面变化研究仍存在一些不足,如钻探区的地域代表性还不够多,全球海平面变化信息提取时难以消除其他地质因素(如构造沉降)的影响,海平面变化记录的精度有待提高,多种因素作用下地层结构对海平面变化的响应还需进一步研究,海平面变化机制特别是冰盖动力学对海平面变化的影响及暖期海平面变化的原因还认识不清。在当今气候变暖的大背景下,这些问题的解决有助于提升未来海平面变化趋势预测的可靠性。 相似文献
2.
精确的海平面变化曲线分析一直是地质学研究的难题和前沿科学问题,原因在于:1）深时沉积记录是全球海平面变化和区域构造沉降的综合响应,如何从沉积记录中剔除区域构造运动对海平面变化的影响尚缺乏手段;2）根据深时沉积记录确定古水深还具有挑战性。晚奥陶世塔里木盆地柯坪地区经历了从盆地—盆缘—陆棚的环境演变,这是对海平面变化最为敏感的环境地带,是开展沉积微相研究的理想地区。对大湾沟剖面上奥陶统进行密集取样分析,基于岩相沉积学、古生物学等手段,划分了广海陆棚及盆地边缘两大相带。详细划分为七个微相:MF1砖/紫红色微生物泥晶灰岩、MF2灰色微生物泥晶灰岩、MF3灰绿色钙质泥岩、MF4灰色生物碎屑—岩屑微角砾岩、MF5灰色含微生物碎屑粉屑灰岩、MF6灰色生物碎屑泥微晶灰岩及MF7深灰色钙质泥岩;重建了上奥陶统坎岭组—印干组海平面变化曲线,提供一套在深时沉积记录敏感带基于高精度微相全球海平面曲线的分析方法。将研究区海平面变化与全球各地区海平面变化曲线进行对比,发现研究区与北美海平面频繁波动极其相似。前人古板块重建恢复结果显示这一时期加里东构造运动已具备全球响应特征,而相似的海平面变化则是由不同区域造山碰撞所导致。 相似文献
3.
4.
在1：25万区域地质调查基础上，通过对宿松—东至地区南华纪-志留纪地层露头剖面研究，对其相应的沉积环境、沉积相进行了分析，并根据生物地层、岩石地层和年代地层等成果，将南华纪-志留纪地层划分为1个一级层序，5个二级层序和15个三级层序组。一级和二级层序在沉积相序上总的趋势表现为浅→深→浅的变化，且与海平面变化曲线相吻合；三级层序组海平面上升和下降往往受构造运动、海平面变化；冰川事件影响。 相似文献
5.
6.
《地球科学进展》2017,(11)
海平面变化是全球变化的重要组成部分,不仅涉及自然环境和生态的变化,而且对人类社会的经济和发展也有重大影响。只有了解海平面变化历史,发现和掌握海平面变化规律,才能建立可靠的海平面变化模型,提高未来海平面变化的预能力。巽他陆架地处太平洋和印度洋的交界,位居世界陆架面积第二,陆架宽,坡缓水浅,对海平面变化敏感,是研究海平面变化的理想之所。简要介绍了海平面重建的方法,回顾了巽他陆架区域不同地质时期海平面变化的研究成果:总体而言,上新世巽他陆架海平面比现在高50~100 m,之后随两极冰盖发育海平面逐渐下降,在第四纪海平面受冰盖消涨影响而周期性升降,波动幅度达130 m,记录较多的全新世研究显示了末次冰消期以来海平面的快速上升以及中全新世高海平面时期,近代观测表明最近200多年海平面呈上升趋势并且自20世纪开始上升加速。同时不同的研究方法和区域造成的结论差异说明海平面重建影响因素的复杂性和时空分布的多变性。 相似文献
7.
应用露头层序地层学基本原理和方法、结合碳酸盐岩微相、古生物学、成岩作用、沉积相和沉积事件等理论,对江油马角坝地区上石炭统碳酸盐岩地层进行了露头层序地层研究。研究表明,研究区晚石炭世为典型的陆表海沉积,地形平坦,地壳下降相对缓慢,海水较浅,沉积物界面与海平面接近,主体为碳酸盐岩开阔台地和浅滩沉积环境。水体主体深度为0~50m,为低幅高频低速的海平面变化。根据沉积层序界面的露头和镜下标志,共划分出7个三级层序,反映了研究区晚石炭世具有7次相对较大的海平面升降旋回。发育TST和HST,普遍缺失LST,局部CS难以识别。平均每个层序时限约为2.7Ma,并伴随着多次四级、五级乃至高频海平面变化,共同组成了研究区简单而复杂的碳酸盐岩地层格架。动力机制主要源于晚古生代冰川型全球海平面变化,其原因可能为晚古生代冰期(大洋水体积的周期型变化或大陆冰盖的增长和衰减)和风暴事件共同作用的结果,同时受到古地形、物源和沉积物供应量变化的制约。其中,CSQ1、CSQ3和CSQ4对应的海平面变化幅度较大,海平面变化速率主要为突发性的快递上升到缓慢下降或缓慢上升到相对下降的特点。CSQ2、CSQ5、CSQ6和CSQ7对应的海平面变化幅度不大,为缓慢上升和缓慢下降的特点。 相似文献
8.
古海平面变化研究的过去与现状 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
古海平面变化研究可分两个阶段. 早期(17世纪—1950年):以收集资料为主,并提出了海平面变化是由于地壳运动、地球自转速度变化所引起;同时冰川作用与海平面升降关系理论已趋成熟.现代(1950年至今),在以下几个方面取得了较大进展:1.海平面升降原因及机理;先后提出并完善了冰川说、板块(洋脊增生)说、黄道面变化和地球绕银河系中心运转的周期变化说等.2.海平面变化的旋回性划分及各级旋回的大小确定.3.海平面变化旋回的同时性以及它在地层对比方面的应用.4.各地史时期海平面变化的旋回性研究.5.海平面变化与成矿关系. 相似文献
9.
在钻井、测井资料分析的基础上,利用沉积学、古生物学、地层学等技术手段,识别出聊城地区的晚古生代沉积7种层序界面,并将其划分出6个三级层序。在此基础上,研究不同级别的海平面变化原因和特点。其中,三级海平面主要受冰川消融作用影响,四级海平面变化则是由三级海平面变化起主导作用或地表潜水位降低导致地层基准面下降而产生的;海平面震荡和沉积物供给变化成为五级海平面变化影响因素。总结层序地层与海平面变化、基准面旋回耦合关系．发现三者具有一致性,长期基准面受三级海平面变化的影响,形成了三级层序．四级层序并受控于四级海平面的变化,形成了体系域。五级基准面旋回受控于五级海平面变化,形成小层序。 相似文献
10.
运用层序地层学原理和工作方法,对豫西震旦系进行了详细地研究,识别出三个Ｉ类层序,并建立起了各层序的等时格架,系统地研究了地层沉积相带在层序格架中的分布规律和成因联系。认为相对产面变化是我层序,体系域形成的主导因素。以相对海平面升降作为等时周期,不同成因背景下的沉积物就具有等时性。可以对比。同时,对相应的海平面变化曲线的绘制方法进行了尝试。 相似文献
11.
塔里木盆地寒武-奥陶纪海平面升降变化规律研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
利用元素地球化学特征和地震几何构型特征,对塔里木盆地寒武-奥陶纪时期海平面升降变化规律进行了研究,建立了寒武-奥陶纪相对海平面变化曲线。研究发现,塔里木盆地寒武-奥陶纪可划分出3个一级旋回,8个二级旋回,17个三级旋回和多期高频震荡旋回。其中,寒武纪经历了3期二级旋回,早中奥陶世经历了2期旋回。相对于寒武纪,早奥陶世海平面升幅较大。晚奥陶世经历了3期二级旋回：第一期处于海平面低位期,幅度较小;后二期快速上升,直达最高水位状态。海平面相对升降变化控制着盆地的沉积充填和层序的形成演化,其旋回性与盆地沉积作用的旋回性相一致,并可通过沉积相的演变表现出来。 相似文献
12.
ABSTRACT The Upper Triassic platform-margin deposits of the Carnian Prealps fail to show the succession of the two global sea-level lowerings predicted for the Norian and Rhaetian by the Haq global sea-level curve. In both cases a relative sea-level rise occurs, a discrepancy that can be explained by an increase in tectonically controlled subsidence, a consequence of the plate-scale rifting in the NW Tethys Gulf preceding oceanic spreading in the Jurassic. Pulses of tectonic subsidence followed by relative quiescence are capable of generating depositional sequences similar in gross geometry and duration to the third-order eustatic cycles of Haq et al . The Late Triassic part of the Exxon global sea-level curve, partly derived from correlatable strata within the same palaeogeographical domain, is likely to reflect pulses of tectonically induced subsidence rather than eustatic sea-level changes. 相似文献
13.
14.
Dmitry A.Ruban 《地学前缘(英文版)》2015,6(4)
Global sea-level has changed in a cyclic manner through geologic history, but the regularities of these changes are yet to be fully understood. Despite certain (and sometimes significant) differences, ... 相似文献
15.
The tectonically active South Evvoikos Gulf forms the submerged part of a young basin produced by Neogene fragmentation of the Hellenides, so furnishing an opportunity to study the earliest stages of an extensional rift. Reflection profiles show three seismo-stratigraphic units: a thin Holocene unit A, a thick Late and Middle Pleistocene unit B, and a deformed Mesozoic-Cenozoic basal unit C. In the eastern Gulf, at least seven alternatingly stratified and acoustically transparent subunits are related to Pleistocene sea-level changes that episodically isolated the Gulf. Correlation with the global eustatic sea-level curve indicates that deposition in the Gulf, formed by southeastward divergence of its northern and southern boundary faults, began during the last million years. Subsequent glacio-eustatic sea-level changes superimposed major variations in depositional conditions on long-term subsidence. Lack of Pleistocene marine beds on the adjacent land implies that a high rate of subsidence confined lacustrine and marine deposition to the basin itself. 相似文献
16.
This paper presents examples of various large tidal sandbodies from the Eocene Roda Sandstone in the southern Pyrenees and the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene in the East China Sea. An attempt is made to summarize the geometric variability of these large tidal sandbodies in relation to the sediment supply and tidal discharge of the depositional system. Transverse sand bars were developed in low-sinuosity, high-gradient channels with high influxes of coarse sediments and water from fluvial systems. Tidal point bars were formed in meandering low-gradient estuarine channel where tidal influence was stronger and sediment was finer than those of the transverse sand bar. A tidal delta complex was built up at the estuary mouth with an abundant sediment supply and an increased tidal discharge. Tidal sand ridges were formed when relict fluvial or deltaic sands were eroded and reworked by strong tidal currents during subsequent sea-level rise.
Since the sediment supply and the tidal discharge of the depositional system were closely related to the eustatic sea-level change and basin subsidence, i.e. the relative sea-level change, special attention will be given to the relationship between geometric variability of tidal sandbodies and the sequence stratigraphic framework in which various sandbodies occurred. Three orders of eustatic sea-level fluctuations can be recognized. The third-order eustatic sea-level cycle, together with basin subsidence, controlled the development of systems tracts and the occurrence of different tidal sandbodies, such as estuary and tidal flat facies during the late stage of a LSW systems tract (type 1 sequence) or a SM systems tract (type 2 sequence); tidal point bar facies, tidal delta facies or tidal sand-ridge facies during a TR systems tract; estuary facies during an early HS systems tract; and fluvial sand bar facies in a late HS systems tract and the early stage of a SM or LSW systems tract. There are also the fourth-order and fifth-order eustatic fluctuations, which are superimposed on the third-order eustatic changes and have important control on the build-up, abandonment and preservation of composite and single tidal sandbodies, respectively.
Since the deposition of tidal sandbodies is very sensitive to eustatic sea-level changes, recognition of various tidal sandbodies is important in sequence stratigraphy analyses of sedimentary basins and in the facies prediction of clastic sediments in basin modelling. 相似文献
17.
Fluctuations in sea depth within a magnitude 20–100 m and a duration of 1–10 m.y. are often explained by rapid eustatic changes — so called ‘third-order eustatic events’. Considerable influence of regional tectonics on relative sea-level changes has been demonstrated by many authors, but because of uncertainties in the timing of short events in widely separated regions, the problem of separating tectonic and eustatic factors still remains unsolved. In this paper, a new and simple approach is used to reveal the presence or absence of eustatic events. We consider the St. Petersburg area and North Estonia in the north-eastern region of the East Baltic. From the late Early Cambrian until the middle of the Tremadoc (early Ordovician), deposition was extremely slow and the sea bed remained for a long time in a well defined peritidal zone in a water depth ≤10 m. Under such environmental conditions, a sea-level rise of ≥10 m would result in marked changes in the character of faunas and sedimentation. In the time interval considered here, significant sea deepening in the north-eastern Baltic region occurred only twice, and its magnitude did not exceed 10–20 m. A fall of sea level by ≥10 m would result in complete regression in the peritidal zone. This situation also occurred in region. However, the preservation of a sequence of unconsolidated sands, which is only a few tens of metres thick and includes all the main stratigraphic subdivisions on a regional scale, indicates that the crustal surface reached a very low altitude ≤10–20 m above sea level. These data show that in the late Late Cambrian to the middle of the Tremadoc, over a period of 40 m.y. long, eustatic sea-level changes did not exceed ±10–20 m. This limits the magnitude of several third-order cycles — eustatic events with duration of a few million years, which have been proposed previously for the epoch of the transition from the Cambrian to the Ordovician. In the late Early Cambrian to the Late Cambrian, transgressions and regressions with a magnitude of 50–150 m took place in southern Sweden and Lithuania. Since these phenomena occurred when there were no comparable eustatic sea-level changes, they must be associated with regional tectonic movements. Some were rapid and could be easily misinterpreted as indications of third-order eustatic changes. It is probable that some of the other eustatic events that have been proposed for the Phanerozoic were actually not of eustatic but of tectonic origin. Such rapid tectonic movements with magnitude of 50–100 m in cratonic areas can be caused by changes in the forces in the lithospheric layer with a laterally variable thickness, and by phase transitions in the mafic lower crust. Depending on the spatial distribution of vertical crustal movements, both these mechanisms could have been operating in the East Baltic and southern Sweden in the Cambrian. 相似文献
18.
强迫型海退及强迫型海退楔体系域--对传统Exxon层序地层学模式的修正 总被引：30，自引：4，他引：26
传统Ｅｘｘｏｎ层序地层学模式把层序界面定义在下降拐点,低水位体系域则位于类型Ⅰ层序之底,且低水位体系域（ＬＳＴ）被定义为海平面相对下降期至初始上升阶段的产物;但是,在建立海平面变化曲线时,又假定层序界面位于海平面变化的最低点,从而造成层序地层学概念体系的下连贯性。强迫型海退被定义为与沉积物注入无关,而与相对海平面下降相关的滨线向海方向迁移的海退过程,由此而产生的一系列沉积体则构成强迫型海退楔体系域 相似文献
19.
西藏北部雁石坪地区晚巴柔—早巴通期玛托组是一个以砂岩、泥岩为主夹少量灰岩组成的混积型陆棚环境的沉积。含有介壳的凝缩段、下超面及沟蚀面,它们是划分体系域的关键界面。体系域具有二元结构特征,即海侵—高水位体系域,且TST沉积旋回厚度>HST,准层序类型有3种,分别是以砂岩为主的准层序、以泥岩为主的准层序和以潮坪体系向上变浅的准层序,准层序叠置构成进积型和退积型准层序组。采用沉积体系分析方法,初步建立研究区玛托组相对海平面变化曲线,并与藏南及全球海平面曲线进行对比分析,结合碳、氧同位素和磁化率资料,探讨研究区晚巴柔—早巴通期玛托组海平面变化控制因素。研究认为全球海平面变化控制了雁石坪地区晚巴柔早期海平面变化,而班公湖—怒江逢合带向北俯冲构造活动引起的区域洋盆容积变化是晚巴柔晚期—早巴通期海平面变化的主要因素。 相似文献
20.
Dmitry A. Ruban Clinton P. Conrad 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2013
Long-term shoreline shifts reflect eustatic changes, tectonic activity, and sediment supply. Available lithostratigraphical data from northern Africa, Arabia, and the Tethys Hymalaya, coupled with facies interpretations, permit us to trace late Silurian–Middle Devonian long-term shoreline shifts across the northern Gondwanan margin and to compare them with constraints on global sea-level changes. Our analysis establishes a regression–transgression cycle. Its coincident global sea-level changes reveal the dominance of the eustatic control. A transgression–regression cycle observed in Arabia is best explained by regional subsidence. Our study highlights the importance of constraining the role of regional tectonics when interpreting shoreline shifts. 相似文献