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浙江地区引发滑坡的降雨强度-历时关系 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
由于独特的地理位置,复杂的地质、地形和气候背景,浙江成为中国降雨型滑坡（土体和岩体滑动,也包括泥石流和崩塌等）最频发的地区之一。为评价浙江地区的滑坡灾害,本文对该地区1990年至2003年雨量站记录的降雨数据进行了详细分析,确定了引发土体滑坡-泥石流的降雨强度―历时下限。 相似文献
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卡房镇是“锡都”个旧市主要的锡、铜等有色金属矿区之一。卡房集镇东部由于地形地质条件复杂,降雨集中,人类工程活动强烈,滑坡、泥石流等地质灾害十分发育,成为了制约当地经济社会发展的重要因素。本文介绍了卡房集镇东部滑坡、泥石流的灾害情况,总结了其发育和活动特征,并详细分析了主要影响因素,最后提出了该区滑坡泥石流灾害的防治对策。 相似文献
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甘肃武都马槽沟滑坡特征及治理对策 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
刘心彪 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2011,22(1):22-26
甘肃武都地区新构造和地震活跃,降雨集中且多为暴雨,加之地形复杂,人地矛盾紧张,因而生态环境恶劣,这为滑坡地质灾害的发育提供了条件。为了有效地防灾减灾,本文以马槽沟滑坡为典型实例,从滑坡形态特征、形成条件、触发因素等角度入手,阐述了该区滑坡发生的机理,在此基础上对当前滑坡所处的稳定程度进行了分析。并提出了滑坡工程治理的具体方案,以期对该地区滑坡防治有参考价值。 相似文献
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滑坡为福建省主要地质灾害之一,受自然地理、地质条件的制约,以及人类工程活动及降雨的诱发影响,发生频率较高。应用统计学方法,对近几年来福建省所发生滑坡的地质灾害点进行相关性研究,提出了福建省内山体滑坡主要受地形、地质、气象及人类工程活动因素的综合影响。 相似文献
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针对大湖金矿滑坡的灾害发育、活动与危害现状,建立了滑坡监测网,进行了滑坡变形及降雨监测;在复杂地质地形条件下,结合降雨情况寻求滑坡与环境（降雨）之间的临界状态值,对大湖滑坡诱发因素进行比较深入的分析和探索,达到滑坡预报预警的目的。 相似文献
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2019年6月10日江西省全南县大吉山社区流域在一次降雨量171 mm、最大小时降雨量40.5 mm作用下发生了116处浅层滑坡。通过影像识别、野外调查、GIS分析和数理统计等方法分析了该地区浅层滑坡的发育特征、地形特征及此次滑坡发生的降雨阈值。结果表明：（1）滑坡的特征参数表明降雨事件诱发的滑坡均为小型、浅层、形态以“宽薄型”为主的滑坡。（2）通过滑坡数量百分比（LSNP）和滑坡面积百分比（LSAP）等指标显示滑坡发育的地形条件中滑坡坡度、相对高程、地表曲率对滑坡具有较明显的控制作用,坡向和临空面对滑坡分布影响性不强,人类工程活动对滑坡发育的影响不容忽视。（3）利用现有预报模型,计算出该区域浅层滑坡发生的阈值P<0.21、0.21≤P<0.40、P≥0.40分别对应发生可能性小、中等和大,以及发生浅层滑坡需要的一次最小降雨量为70 mm。该成果可为类似地质背景地区的浅层滑坡风险管理和灾害预警提供重要参考。 相似文献
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恩施地区滑坡灾害频发,为揭示恩施地区滑坡地质灾害成生规律,在综合研究恩施地区基础地质和滑坡地质灾害调查统计成果的基础上,分析滑坡灾害时空分布特征,从影响滑坡发生与否的典型因素出发,包括地层岩性、地质构造、地形地貌(高程、地形坡度、沟谷)、降雨、人类工程活动,通过统计分析,完成滑坡发育分布与各个单因素间的关系探究。基于以上研究,结合敏感性分析模型,针对连续变量影响因素、线状影响因素和离散变量影响因素,分别计算单因子不同状态的敏感性系数,并对敏感性系数相近的状态进行归类,分析不同类型状态的敏感性差异,完成恩施地区滑坡成生条件研究。本文研究成果可在一定程度上指导研究区滑坡防治规划。 相似文献
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茅台滑坡的产生受控于该区的地形地貌、地质构造、水文地质条件、降雨、地震和人类工种活动、生态环境等诸多因素，遥感技术手段对滑坡的研究也是十分重要的，本文分析了赤水茅台滑坡地形地质条件，提出了综合治理的工程手段和生态环境保护的重要性。 相似文献
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浙江由于其独特的地理位置,复杂的地质、地形和气候背景,是我国降雨引发滑坡、泥石流等突发地质灾害最频繁的地区之一。浙江经济最发达,人口稠密,极易出现小滑坡（泥石流）大灾害情况。为科学防范降雨引发的滑坡、泥石流等地质灾害,最大可能地减少人员伤亡,我省建立的突发地质灾害预警预报系统从2003年7月开始投入运行,至今已进入第8个年头,已初步形成了预警预报系统与群测群防结合的防灾体系,并在实际应用中取得了显著的减灾成效。 相似文献
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The study area is located in Three Gorges Reservoir region, China. Over 200 landslides have been monitored over a number of
years with their behavior being compared to the effective rainfall database for the study area. Analysis of the available
data indicates that the occurrences of landslides in this region are controlled by rainfall, whose intensity and rainfall
processes are the most important dynamic factors in determining the stability of slopes. Therefore, the relationship between
rainfall and the movement of typical landslides has been specifically analyzed for the Xintan landslides and the large Huangya
landslide by using the loading/unloading response ratio parameter of rainfall. The result of this study indicates that the
mutation of the loading/unloading response ratio of rainfall of the Xintan landslide and the large Huangya landslide in the
Three Gorges Reservoir region, China occurred just before their destabilization, which shows that the loading/unloading response
ratio of rainfall and its changing feature can be taken as a precursor for the landslides induced by rainfall. 相似文献
12.
台风暴雨型滑坡降雨阈值曲线研究以福建地区为例 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
台风暴雨型滑坡具有群发性、规模小、爆发性强的特点,容易造成严重的人员伤亡和巨大的财产损失。本文应用极值理论分析,以极端降雨重现期的极大值作为标准并计算有效的降雨区间,通过统计分析,确定触发暴雨型滑坡的降雨阈值曲线。应用模型对福建地区台风暴雨型滑坡进行了分析,福建省3个灾害高发区为:南平三明地区、泉州地区和宁德地区。南平三明地区降雨阈值较高,但发生的滑坡数量较多,主要以3d的降雨为主;泉州地区小于3d的连续降雨和大于8d的连续降雨是触发该地滑坡的主要降雨区间;宁德地区对短期降雨较为敏感,滑坡主要由1d的降雨引起。比较分析研究表明,台风地区触发滑坡的降雨阈值要高于非台风地区。降雨型滑坡阈值主要受气候,地质和土壤厚度影响,气候因素为主控因素。 相似文献
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Rainfall thresholds for prediction of shallow landslides around Chamoli-Joshimath region,Garhwal Himalayas,India 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Majority of landslides in the Indian sub-continent are triggered by rainfall. Several attempts in the global scenario have been made to establish rainfall thresholds in terms of intensity-duration and antecedent rainfall models on global, regional and local scales for the occurrence of landslides. However, in the context of the Indian Himalayas, the rainfall thresholds for landslide occurrences are not yet understood fully. Neither on regional scale nor on local scale, establishing such rainfall thresholds for landslide occurrences in Indian Himalayas has yet been attempted. This paper presents an attempt towards deriving local rainfall thresholds for landslides based on daily rainfall data in and around Chamoli-Joshimath region of the Garhwal Himalayas, India. Around 128 landslides taken place in last 4 years from 2009 to 2012 have been studied to derive rainfall thresholds. Out of 128 landslides, however, rainfall events pertaining to 81 landslides were analysed to yield an empirical intensity–duration threshold for landslide occurrences. The rainfall threshold relationship fitted to the lower boundary of the landslide triggering rainfall events is I?=?1.82 D ?0.23 (I?=?rainfall intensity in millimeters per hour and D?=?duration in hours). It is revealed that for rainfall events of shorter duration (≤24 h) with a rainfall intensity of 0.87 mm/h, the risk of landslide occurrence in this part of the terrain is expected to be high. Also, the role of antecedent rainfall in causing landslides was analysed by considering daily rainfall at failure and different period cumulative rainfall prior to failure considering all 128 landslides. It is observed that a minimum 10-day antecedent rainfall of 55 mm and a 20-day antecedent rainfall of 185 mm are required for the initiation of landslides in this area. These rainfall thresholds presented in this paper may be improved with the hourly rainfall data vis-à-vis landslide occurrences and also data of later years. However, these thresholds may be used in landslide warning systems for this particular region of the Garhwal Himalayas to guide the traffic and provide safety to the tourists travelling along this pilgrim route during monsoon seasons. 相似文献
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The influence of intense rainfall on the activity of large-scale crystalline schist landslides in Shikoku Island, Japan 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4
Yong Hong Hiromasa Hiura Kazuo Shino Kyoji Sassa Akira Suemine Hiroshi Fukuoka Gonghui Wang 《Landslides》2005,2(2):97-105
Many large landslides in the crystalline schist region of Shikoku Island, Japan, are susceptible to intense rainfall. Through the use of on-site monitoring systems, the activity of landslides and their meteorological triggers can be assessed. Continuous high-intensity rainfall was found to play a key role in provoking landslide movement. This paper investigates the influence of intense rainfall on the activity of crystalline schist landslides by examining rainfall and displacement of four typical landslides. By defining and calculating the effective rainfall and the relative landslide displacement, the relationship between intense rainfall and rainfall-induced landslide movement was analysed. Results indicate that the intense rainfall-induced landslide movement can be correlated with the effective rainfall. From these results, two rainfall thresholds were identified for the landslide risk management of Shikoku Island. 相似文献
15.
Landslides associated with the colluvial soils overlying the Natal Group in the greater Durban region of Natal, South Africa 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
In the last 25 years, many of the landslides that have occurred in the greater Durban region have been associated with the
colluvial soils overlying the Natal Group, most of which occurred during the very heavy rains of September 1987. Subsequently,
a very heavy rainfall event in February 1999 also gave rise to landslides. In fact, prior to 1987 these colluvial soils were
considered relatively stable. A critical precipitation coefficient has been developed which included the cumulative precipitation
up to a landslide event. In addition, an attempt has been made to establish a threshold value for triggering of landslides
for the colluvial soils from a study of pluviometric data. The results indicate that when a rainfall event exceeds 12% of
the mean annual rainfall, small-scale landslides are likely to occur. When a rainfall event is greater than 16% of the mean
annual rainfall, a moderate number of landslides take place. Major landslides are associated with rainfall events with intensities
in excess of 20% of the mean annual precipitation. An example of a landslide which occurred on the Natal Group due to construction
operations is provided, as well as an account of those which took place during September 1987. In the latter case, most of
the slides took the form of mudflows and were responsible for some of the worst damage which has occurred in the Durban region.
The colluvial soils involved were relatively thin and therefore became quickly saturated by the heavy rainfall. In some places
the situation was further aggravated by liquefaction of the soils.
Received: 15 June 1999 · Accepted: 30 August 1999 相似文献
16.
aiNet- and GIS-based regional prediction system for the spatial and temporal probability of rainfall-triggered landslides 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
We developed a real-time forecasting system, aiNet-GISPSRIL, for evaluating the spatiotemporal probability of occurrence of
rainfall-triggered landslides. In this system, the aiNet (a kind of artificial neutral network based on a self-organizing
system) and GIS are merged for integrating the rainfall conditions into various environmental factors that influence the landslide
occurrence and for simulating the complex non-linear relationships between landslide occurrence and its related conditions.
Zhejiang Province (101,800 km2 in area), located in the southeast coastal region of China, is highly prone to the occurrence of landslides during intensive
rainfall. Since 2003, the aiNet-GISPSRIL has been used to predict landslides during the rainy seasons in the region. The aiNet-GISPSRIL
uses the regional 24-h forecast rainfall information and the real-time rainfall monitoring data from the rain-gauge network
as its inputs, and then provides 24-h forecast of the landslide probability for every 1 × 1-km grid cell within the region.
Verification studies on the performance of the aiNet-GISPSRIL show that the system has successfully predicted the dates and
localities of 304 landslides (accounting for 66.2% of reported landslides during the period). During the period from 2003
to 2007, because the system provided the probability levels of landslide occurrences up to 24-h in advance, gave locations
of potential landslides, and timely warned those individuals at high-risk areas, more than 1700 persons living in the risk
sites had been evacuated to safe ground before the landslides occurred and thus casualty was avoided. This highly computerized,
easy-operating system can be used as a prototype for developing forecasting systems in other regions that are prone to rainfall-triggered landslides. 相似文献
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不同降雨条件下黄土高原浅层滑坡危险性预测评价 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
黄土地区浅层滑坡发育非常广泛,由于其具有分布规律性差、前期变形迹象小、分布范围大、面小点多等特征,目前还无法进行有效预测,因此给黄土地区工程安全带来严重威胁。根据无限边坡模型,结合降雨入渗-土体强度衰减规律和GIS（地理信息系统）技术,构建了不同降雨条件下黄土地区浅层滑坡发育危险性评价模型,并将该评价模型应用到延河一级支流幸福川流域,预测在有效降雨量30、50、100、200 mm条件下,该流域浅层滑坡发育程度,并与当前较为流行的SINMAP模型(地形稳定性模型)进行对比。结果表明：①不稳定和潜在不稳定浅层滑坡主要分布在末级河流的两侧和源头,稳定和较稳定区域主要分布在一级河流河道两侧和塬面上;通过对比分析,SINMAP模型计算的结果与本文建立的模型在降雨强度30 mm时的计算结果较为一致。②在本文建立的模型评价结果中,随着有效降雨量的增加,Fs（稳定性系数）<1.00的不稳定区域所占比例逐渐增加,从30 mm的1.12%到200 mm的4.79%;相反,稳定区域则出现逐渐减少的趋势。③根据已发生灾害点的分布,随着有效降雨量的增加,研究区域已发生的灾害点分布在Fs<1.25的比例明显增加,从30 mm的62%到200 mm的88%,在SINMAP评价模型中,研究区域已发生的灾害点的64%分布在不稳定和潜在不稳定区域内,说明本文所建立的评价模型具有一定的精度。通过与SINMAP评价模型对比,本文建立的模型主要采用基于降雨入渗规律,而SINMAP评价模型主要基于降雨汇流过程,因此在利用过程中应根据区域特征选择利用。 相似文献
18.
The landslides in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region,China and the effects of water storage and rain on their stability 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
According to the statistics, there were about 1,736 landslides with the total volume of 1.339 × 1011 m3 in the 100 km2 area of upper reaches of the Yangtze River, in which about 94% of landslides are triggered by rain and water storage. Thus,
based investigation of the results of the landslides in this region, this paper completed a systematic study on the effects
of rainfall and water storage on the landslides in the region and found that the distribution of landslides over time and
space are well correlated with the precipitation distribution in this region; landslides are also strictly controlled by the
stratum, geological structure, river valley form, shore type, etc. Meanwhile, the pattern of water table variation of the
three gorges reservoir will do have very serious impacts on the stability of the slopes in this region. All research results
show that water storage and rainfall are the two important inducing factors that can cause a lot of large-scale landslides.
Therefore, some effective control measures for water storage and rainfall should be taken so as to minimize the impacts of
water on the stability of the slopes in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region of Yangtze River, China. 相似文献
19.
Rainfall-induced landslides constitute a major public concern in Hong Kong. This paper investigates two aspects of critical importance to landslide hazard and risk assessment and management: magnitude–cumulative frequency relationship for landslides, and relationship between rainfall and the occurrence of landslides. The results indicated that landslides with a failure volume of not less than 4 m3 have a cumulative frequency–size distribution with a power-law dependence on volume of failure. Analysis of rainfall/landslides showed that the 12-hour rolling rainfall is most important in predicting the number of landslides. Failure volume dependency in the relationships between rainfall and the number of landslides is also presented. However, with an increase in failure volume of landslides, the most important rainfall variable may vary from rainfall of short duration (12-h rolling rainfall) to that of relatively long duration (24-h rolling rainfall). 相似文献