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1.
Chemical and structural zoning in plagioclase can develop in response to a number of different magmatic processes. We examine plagioclase zonation formed during the transfer of plagioclase from a granodioritic host to a monzodioritic enclave to understand the development of different zonation patterns caused by this relatively simple magma mixing process. The transferred plagioclase records two stages of evolution: crystallization of oscillatory plagioclase in the host granodioritic magma and crystallization of high An zones and low An rims in the hybrid enclave magma. High An zones (up to An72) are formed only in the hybrid enclaves after plagioclase transfer. Plagioclase from a primitive enclave, showing no or only minimal interaction with the host, is An30–43. The implication is that high An zones crystallize only from the hybrid magma and not from the primitive one, probably because of an increase in water content in the hybrid magma. Complex interactions between the two magmas are also recorded in Sr content in plagioclase, which indicates an initial increase in Sr concentration in the melt upon transfer. This is contrary to what is expected from the mixing of low Sr enclave magma with a high Sr granodiorite one. Such Sr distribution in the plagioclase implies that the transfer of the plagioclase took place before the onset of plagioclase crystallization in the enclave magma. Therefore, the mixing between high Sr granodiorite magma and low Sr enclave magma was recorded only in plagioclase rims and not in the high An zones. 相似文献
2.
Carbonatites of the Jacupiranga alkaline–carbonatite complex in São Paulo State, Brazil, were used to investigate mineral–fluid interaction in a carbonatite magma chamber because apatite showed a marked discontinuity between primary fluid inclusion-rich cores and fluid inclusion-poor rims. Sylvite and burbankite, apatite, pyrite, chalcopyrite and ilmenite are the common phases occurring as trapped solids within primary fluid inclusions and reflect the general assemblage of the carbonatite. The apatite cores had higher Sr and REE concentrations than apatite rims, due to the presence of fluid inclusions into which these elements partitioned. A positive cerium anomaly was observed in both the core and rim of apatite crystals because oxidised Ce4+ partitioned into the magma. The combined evidence from apatite chemistry, fluid inclusion distribution and fluid composition was used to test the hypotheses that the limit of fluid inclusion occurrence within apatite crystals arises from: (1) generation of a separate fluid phase; (2) utilization of all available fluid during the first stage of crystallization; (3) removal of crystals from fluid-rich magma to fluid-poor magma; (4) an increase in the growth rate of apatite; or (5) escape of the fluids from the rim of the apatite after crystallization. The findings are consistent with fractionation and crystal settling of a carbonatite assemblage in a fluid-stratified magma chamber. Secondary fluid inclusions were trapped during a hydrothermal event that precipitated an assemblage of anhedral crystals: strontianite, carbocernaite, barytocalcite, barite and norsethite, pyrophanite, magnesian siderite and baddeleyite, ancylite-(Ce), monazite-(Ce) and allanite. The Sr- and REE-rich nature of the secondary assemblage, and lack of a positive cerium anomaly indicate that hydrothermal fluids have a similar source to the primary magma and are related to a later carbonatite intrusion. 相似文献
3.
周口店岩体由三次侵入的中酸性岩石组成, 本次测得石英闪长岩锆石U-Pb年龄为131.6±2.1 Ma, 闪长玢岩锆石U-Pb年龄为128.1±1.4 Ma.周口店岩体各种类型岩石属高钾钙碱性系列、偏铝质, Mg#较高, 重稀土元素和Ta、Nb、P以及Ti明显亏损, 轻稀土元素和Ba、K以及Sr相对富集, Eu没有异常, Yb元素含量小于2×10-6, (La/Yb)N和Sr/Y比值较高.斜长石复杂环带能谱线扫描表明, 花岗闪长岩中的斜长石核部牌号高, 完整的幔部由内向外由反环带和正环带组成, 微粒包体中的斜长石核部牌号低, 幔部以尘状环带开始, 然后演变为正环带, 这揭示存在多期基性岩浆的注入作用, 结合暗色微粒包体的形态、大小、数量、反向脉、矿物含量统计、矿物成分、地球化学和各类环带包体、岩墙状包体群等特征, 说明暗色微粒包体是在花岗闪长岩浆冷凝过程的不同阶段, 多期幔源基性岩浆注入并与酸性岩浆在围绕包体周缘的局部范围内发生不均一机械混合作用的结果.周口店中酸性岩石体现埃达克质岩的地球化学特征, 岩浆成分主要受源区控制, 形成于加厚下地壳环境.由石英闪长岩-花岗闪长岩至中酸性岩脉, 岩石(Er/Lu)N和Nb/Ta比值升高, 说明源区残留相矿物组合由角闪石+石榴石向石榴石+金红石变化, 岩浆源区不断变深. 相似文献
4.
浙江青田花岗岩中岩石包体特征及成因 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7
浙江青田燕山晚期黑云母花岗岩中有许多石英闪长质岩石包体,它们大小不一,形态各异,以微细粒结构、具冷凝边构造、并发育针状磷灰石为特征。岩石包体与寄主花岗岩的主要氧化物、微量元素的变化趋势呈线性关系。岩石学、矿物学、岩石化学及地球化学等特征的研究表明,石英闪长质岩石包体属淬冷包体,由玄武质岩浆和花岗质岩浆通过不均匀的混合作用而形成。 相似文献
5.
赣杭构造带相山火山侵入杂岩的岩浆演化特征——来自斜长石和黑云母的化学成分研究 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0
黑云母、斜长石等矿物可作为寄主岩石的岩浆演化的指示剂。本文借助电子探针微区分析技术,通过对赣杭构造带中相山盆地火山侵入杂岩中这些矿物的化学组成进行定量分析发现:碎斑熔岩、花岗斑岩及石英二长斑岩的斜长石环带不明显,并且主要是中长石;石英二长斑岩中黑云母矿物成分为镁质黑云母和铁质黑云母,化学成分更为接近研究区镁铁质微粒包体中黑云母的成分,而碎斑熔岩及花岗斑岩中黑云母的镁含量较低。结合黑云母、斜长石矿物的化学特征及前人的工作研究,相山碎斑熔岩和花岗斑岩的物质来源主要是壳源,没有明显地幔物质的加入,而石英二长斑岩有一定量的地幔物质的加入,并且这个地幔物质的加入发生在石英二长斑岩的黑云母开始结晶之前。 相似文献
6.
在江西相山大型塌陷式火山盆地北部的潜火山岩岩墙中，笔者发现了闪长质的岩石包体，这种包体具典型的反向脉及淬冷边，且淬冷边内含有大量针状磷灰石。在包体内部或包体与寄主岩的边界均见有钾长石及斜长石捕虏晶，这种捕虏晶是包体岩浆从寄主岩岩浆中捕获的，常被熔蚀成筛状或浑圆状。包体与寄主岩（次斑状花岗闪长岩）的稀土元素曲线和不相容元素蛛网图的形态非常相似。因此，相山潜火山岩岩墙中的闪长质岩石包体是不同成分、不同温度的岩浆经对流及不均一岩浆混合作用而形成，在成因类型上属淬冷包体。 相似文献
7.
Enclaves in granitoids of north of Jonnagiri schist belt,Kurnool district,Andhra Pradesh: Evidence of magma mixing and mingling 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Mansoor Ahmad 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2011,77(6):557-573
Calc-alkaline, metaluminous granitoids in the north of Jonnagiri schist belt (JSB) are associated with abundant mafic rocks
as enclave. The enclaves represent xenoliths of the basement, mafic magmatic enclaves (MME) and synplutonic mafic dykes. The
MME are mostly ellipsoidal and cuspate shape having lobate margin and diffuse contact with the host granitoids. Sharp and
crenulated contacts between isolated MME and host granitoids are infrequent. The MME are fine-grained, slightly dark and enriched
in mafic minerals compare to the host granitoids. MME exhibits evidences of physical interaction (mingling) at outcrop scale
and restricted hybridization at crystal scale of mafic and felsic magmas. The textures like quartz ocelli, sphene (titanite)
ocelli, acicular apatite inclusion zone in feldspars and K-feldspar megacrysts in MME, megacrysts across the contact of MME
and host and mafic clots constitute textural assemblages suggestive of magma mingling and mixing recorded in the granitoids
of the study area. The quartz ocelli are most likely xenocrysts introduced from the felsic magma. Fast cooling of mafic magma
resulted in the growth of prismatic apatite and heterogeneous nucleation of titanite over hornblende in MME. Chemical transfer
from felsic magma to MME forming magma envisage enrichment of silica, alkalis and P in MME. The MME show low positive Eu anomalies
whereas hybrid and host granitoids display moderate negative Eu-anomalies. Synplutonic mafic dyke injected at late stage of
crystallising host felsic magma, display back veining and necking along its length. The variable shape, dimensions, texture
and composition of MME, probably are controlled by the evolving nature and kinematics of interacting magmas. 相似文献
8.
本文对湘赣交界地区发育的万洋山岩体进行锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年和岩石学、地球化学分析。该岩体由英云闪长岩、花岗闪长岩和二长花岗岩组成,本次主要讨论英云闪长岩及其中发育的石英闪长岩包体,并获得英云闪长岩的锆石U-Pb年龄为438.0±3.0 Ma,石英闪长岩包体的锆石U-Pb年龄为425.6±3.1 Ma,为晚志留世。英云闪长岩矿物组合为斜长石、钾长石、黑云母、石英以及少量的角闪石、磁铁矿和榍石;地球化学特征显示为低硅、准铝质及钙碱性的花岗岩,在岩石类型判别图解中为I型花岗岩。石英闪长岩包体为细粒结构,矿物组合为角闪石、斜长石、黑云母、石英及少量辉石,表明岩石包体是岩浆成因的;包体中存在异常共生矿物斜长石斑晶、针状磷灰石,CIPW标准矿物计算中未出现刚玉分子,地球化学组成显示其具有低硅、低碱、准铝质的钙碱性岩类特征;包体还表现为富Mg、Fe以及高Mg#值(45~50),显示出包体高镁、偏基性的特征;包体与寄主岩稀土元素配分模式图和微量元素蛛网图分布特征基本一致,表明二者在成因上相关联。石英闪长岩包体分异指数DI=45~48与辉长岩接近,SiO_2含量略高于辉长岩,表明石英闪长岩包体源于上地幔基性辉长质岩浆、经岩浆混合演化形成。英云闪长岩显示为岛弧岩浆岩、具有活动大陆边缘岩浆岩特征,结合英云闪长岩的岩石类型、岩石包体成因认为:万洋山岩体可能是扬子板块与华夏板块在俯冲消减的地球动力学背景下,软流圈地幔上涌,诱发岩石圈地幔和上覆的古老地壳物质重熔,形成以壳源为主、壳幔混合成因的花岗岩。 相似文献
9.
西天山吐拉苏盆地安山岩中发现岩石包体及地质找矿意义 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
新疆西天山斑岩型铜矿找矿前景良好,但面临攻坚;吐拉苏盆地是西天山浅成低温热液型金矿集区,晚古生代吐拉苏盆地是北天山洋向南向伊犁板块之下俯冲形成的“西南太平洋型”岛弧环境,在金矿深边部寻找斑岩型铜金矿值得关注。笔者最近在岛弧安山岩中发现硫化物矿化二长斑岩、细晶闪长岩等岩石包体。岩石包体发现于塔乌尔别克金矿区,多呈浑圆体或次棱角状,随机分布于安山岩中,与围岩界线截然,常见安山岩围绕岩石包体形成冷凝边。二长斑岩包体显示似斑状结构,斑晶由斜长石和钾长石组成;细晶闪长岩主要由斜长石和角闪石组成,细晶结构,块状构造;寄主安山岩为斑状结构,斑晶为斜长石和少量角闪石及单斜辉石,基质由短柱状斜长石及少量单斜辉石组成,玻基交织结构。二长斑岩包体、细晶闪长岩包体和寄主安山岩三者具有极为相似的微量元素和稀土元素组成,均富集大离子亲石元素、相对亏损Nb、Ta等高场强元素。这些岩石学和地球化学特点反映岩石包体是岛弧火山喷发过程中从下覆地质体捕掳成因,指示安山岩层之下存在同源斑岩体并可能已发生硫化物矿化。综合考虑吐拉苏盆地铜矿化点、酸性热液蚀变、高硫型和低硫型浅成低温热液金矿的组合关系,认为盆地内发育斑岩-浅成低温热液金铜成矿系统,塔乌尔别克是斑岩型铜金矿找矿重要靶区。 相似文献
10.
This contribution reports a detailed study on in situ Sr isotope analyses, along with textural and compositional characteristics, of plagioclase phenocrysts occurring in the rhyodacitic dome-lavas and associated mafic enclaves, erupted during the last magmatic activity at Nisyros volcano (Greece). Dome-lavas and enclaves have a paragenesis dominated by plagioclase. We recognize five different types of plagioclase based on their specific textures and composition. Dome-lava plagioclases (Type-1) are mainly large (1–5 mm), subhedral, clear, and poorly zoned crystals with low An content (An25–35). The plagioclase phenocrysts (Type-4 and Type-5) and groundmass microlites crystallizing in the enclaves, and found in dome-lavas as xenocrysts, have high An content (An75–95). In both dome-lavas and enclaves, two other types of plagioclase do also occur: (1) plagioclase phenocrysts with size and core composition similar to those of Type-1 having a dusty sieve zone (DSZ) at the rims (Type-2); (2) plagioclases with a DSZ affecting the entire crystal but a thin rim (Type-3). The drilled plagioclases have 87Sr/86Sr negatively correlated with their An content. Low An cores of Type-1 and Type-2 have quite homogeneous 87Sr/86Sr (0.7044–0.7046), whose values are more radiogenic than their host magmas (0.70403–0.70408) and similar to those of the previous Upper Pumice (UP) rhyolite magma (0.70438–0.70456). The DSZs of Type-2 and Type-3 show lower and scattered 87Sr/86Sr (0.70397–0.70426) with intermediate and variable An content. High An cores of Type-4 and Type-5 have the least radiogenic Sr isotope composition (0.70379) in equilibrium with that measured in the enclaves (0.70384–0.70389). We demonstrate that Type-1 plagioclase crystallizes in the previous UP rhyolitic magmas representing the silica-rich magma from which the dome-lava melts derived by open system evolutionary processes (e.g., mixing, mingling, and crystal migration), caused by successive refilling of mafic enclave-forming magma. The Type-2 plagioclase derives from entrainment of Type-1 into the still molten enclave magma. The DSZs originated in response to the interaction between the low An plagioclase and the enclave mafic melt in which dissolution and re-crystallization acted together as function of the interaction time. Type-1 and Type-2 plagioclases record, therefore, a long-lived timescale of events starting from their crystallization in the UP rhyolite. Instead, the different width of DSZs (Type-2 and Type-3) seems to indicate short different interaction timescales between the single crystals and the enclave melt (from few hours to some 40 days). These microanalytical data contribute to the understanding of the origin of the rhyodacitic dome-lavas at Nisyros volcano and to set robust constraints on the dynamics of mingling/mixing processes in terms of crystal exchange pathways and enclave disaggregation. 相似文献
11.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(10):1226-1245
Monzogabbro stocks including felsic enclaves (monzosyenite) around the Bafra (Samsun) area at the western edge of the Eastern Pontides cut Eocene-aged volcanic and sedimentary units. The monzogabbros contain plagioclase, alkali feldspar, clinopyroxene, olivine, hornblende, biotite, apatite, and iron-titanium oxides, whereas the felsic enclaves contain alkali feldspar, plagioclase, hornblende, biotite, clinopyroxene, and iron-titanium oxides. Mineral chemistry data suggest that magmas experienced hydrous and anhydrous crystallization in deep and shallow crustal magma chambers. Several thermobarometers were used to estimate temperatures of crystallization and emplacement for the mafic and felsic magmas. Clinopyroxene thermobarometry yielded 1100–1232 C and 5.9–8.1 kbar for monzogabbros, and 931–1109 C and 1.8–6.9 kbar for felsic enclaves. Hornblende thermobarometry and oxygen fugacity estimates reveal 739–971°C, 7.0–9.2 kbar and 10?9.71 for monzogabbros and 681–928°C, 3.0–6.1 kbar and 10?11.34 for felsic enclaves. Biotite thermobarometry shows elevated oxygen fugacity varying from 10?18.9–10?11.07 at 632–904°C and 1.29–1.89 kbar for monzogabbros, to 10?15.99 –10?11.82 at 719–873°C and 1.41–1.77 kbar for felsic enclaves. The estimated zircon and apatite saturation temperatures are 504–590°C and 693–730°C for monzogabbros and 765–775°C and 641–690°C for felsic enclaves, respectively. These data imply that several phases in the gabbroic and syenitic magmas did not necessarily crystallize simultaneously and further indicate that the mineral compositions may register intervals of disequilibrium crystallization. Besides, thermobarometry contrasts between monzogabbro and felsic enclave may be partly a consequence of extended interactions between the mafic and felsic magmas by mixing/mingling and diffusion. Additionally, the hot felsic magma was close to liquidus conditions (crystallinity < 30%) when injected into cooler mafic magma (crystallinity > 50%), and thus, the monzogabbro stocks reflect hybrid products from the mingling and incomplete mixing of these two magmas. 相似文献
12.
华北地块北缘西段巴音诺尔公—狼山地区牙马图岩体的岩浆混合成因 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
华北地块北缘西段巴音诺尔公—狼山地区的牙马图岩体以二长花岗岩为主,岩体中广泛发育岩浆暗色包体,二者界线明显。包体为岩浆结构,大多数具有塑性外形,发育淬冷边、反向脉,存在多种不平衡结构和矿物组合,如斜长石环带、石英眼斑、针状磷灰石等,显示岩浆混合特征;包体的SiO2含量为48.40%～55.40%,寄主花岗岩SiO2含量为65.03%～72.85%,具有明显的SiO2含量间隔;与寄主花岗岩相比,包体的Fe、Mg、Ca、Ti含量较高;包体和寄主花岗岩的主要氧化物之间具有很好的线性关系,微量元素和稀土元素特征相似。包体和寄主花岗岩的这些地球化学特征显示出明显的岩浆混合趋势。岩相学和元素地球化学特征表明暗色包体是基性岩浆侵入到酸性岩浆淬冷的产物,牙马图岩体存在两种岩浆的混合作用。 相似文献
13.
房山岩体是由 3次脉动式侵位形成的复式岩体 ,不同期次侵位的岩石及其中的包体来自相同的岩浆源区 ,为下地壳的中、基性火成岩。全岩 矿物Rb Sr等时线年龄为 12 6± 3Ma。第 1期至第 2期 ,主要是由以斜长石为主的矿物平衡结晶造成的 ;第 2期至第 3期 ,则可能是批式熔融的结果。包体的成因机制可能不止一种 :英安玢岩质包体和石英粗安玢岩质包体可能分别代表第 2期和第 3期脉动式侵入体的冷凝壳 ;石英正长岩包体则可能代表该侵入体演化到最后的产物 ;而石英闪长质和石英二长闪长质包体则可能为同源岩浆早期结晶的产物。 相似文献
14.
小兴安岭东南晚奥陶世鹤林侵入杂岩体成因探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
小兴安岭东南晚奥陶世鹤林侵入杂岩体岩性变化较大,由角闪辉长岩—(石英)闪长岩—英云闪长岩—二长花岗岩组成,不同岩石类型在野外宏观上呈相互侵入、包裹和渐变的接触关系;在(石英)闪长岩、英云闪长岩和二长花岗岩中均发育微细粒闪长质包体,包体多具明显塑性流变特点的浑圆外形和典型岩浆结构、针状磷灰石及捕获的寄主岩钾长石、石英斑晶,为MME型岩浆混合成因包体;杂岩体相对富集LILE(Ba、Sr、Rb)、HFS(U、Th、Zr、Ce)元素等,显示出壳源特点,而较高的εNd(t)值(-2.38~-3.77)显示以幔源为主的特点。研究表明杂岩体具明显的壳幔岩浆混合成因的岩相学、岩石化学和地球化学特征,形成于基性岩浆底侵作用下的陆缘弧型活动大陆边缘构造环境。 相似文献
15.
Sabah Yilmaz ahin 《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2008,68(1):81-92
Rocks of the Late Cretaceous Tamdere Quartz Monzonite, constituting a part of the Eastern Pontide plutonism, include mafic microgranular enclaves (MMEs) ranging from spheroidal to ellipsoidal in shape, and from a few centimeters to decimeters in size. The MMEs are composed of diorite, monzodiorite and quartz diorite, whereas the felsic host rocks comprise mainly quartz monzonite, granodiorite and rarely monzogranite on the basis of both mineralogical and chemical compositions. The common texture of felsic host rocks is equigranular. MMEs are characterized by a microgranular texture and also reveal some special types of microscopic textures, e.g. antirapakivi, poikilitic K-feldspar, small lath-shaped plagioclase in large plagioclase, blade-shaped biotite, acicular apatite, spike zones in plagioclase and spongy-cellular plagioclase textures.
The distribution of major, trace and RE elements apparently reflect exchange between the MMEs and the felsic host rocks mainly due to thermal, mechanical and chemical interactions between coeval felsic host magma and mafic magma. The most evident major element transfer from felsic host magma to mafic magma blob is that of alkalis such as Na and K. LILEs such as Rb, Sr, Ba and some HFSEs such as Nb, Y, Zr and Th have been migrated from felsic host magma to MMEs. Apart from these major and trace elements, the other element transfer from felsic host magma to mafic one concerns REE contents. Such a transfer of REEs has evidently increased the LREE contents of MMEs. Enrichments in alkalis, LILEs, HFSEs and REEs could have been achieved by diffusional processes during the solidification of magma sources. The felsic and mafic magma sources behave as Newtonian and visco-plastic materials. In such an interaction, small MMEs behave as a closed system due to immediate rapid cooling, whereas the bigger MMEs suffer greater diffusion from the Newtonian felsic host magma due to slow cooling. 相似文献
16.
内蒙古沙德盖花岗岩岩浆混合作用:岩相学、矿物化学和年代学证据 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
华北地台北缘乌拉山地区的沙德盖钾长花岗岩体中普遍发育以二长岩为主的暗色微粒包体,包体具塑性流变特征,与寄主岩的接触界线或为截然或为渐变过渡。岩相学观察表明,包体中发育多种反映岩浆混合作用的典型组构,如石英眼斑、环斑长石、镁铁质团块、钾长石巨晶的溶蚀、磷灰石的针柱状形貌、长石中的包体带以及钙长石的"针尖"结构等。造岩矿物的电子探针分析表明,岩浆混合在沙德盖岩体的形成中起了重要作用,寄主花岗岩浆主要来自下地壳,而暗色包体岩浆则主要为地幔来源。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素定年结果显示,沙德盖花岗岩及其暗色微粒包体的形成时代基本一致,分别为233.4±2.3Ma和229.7±1.5Ma(中三叠世),进一步佐证了该岩体是岩浆混合作用的产物。研究认为,当铁镁质岩浆与长英质岩浆混合时,早期基性岩浆的快速淬冷形成了边界清楚、具明显冷凝边且暗色矿物含量较高的包体;随着两种不同成分岩浆之间温差的减小以及组分的交换,进一步形成了颜色较浅、边界渐变过渡和无明显冷凝边的包体。 相似文献
17.
浙江雁荡山火山-侵入杂岩的岩浆混合作用——暗色包体中长石环带的证据 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
浙江雁荡山是中国东南部燕山晚期巨型火山-侵入杂岩带的重要组成部分。对其中央侵入相石英正长斑岩的暗色微粒包体中的斑晶和基质斜长石进行了详细的内部结构和成分分析,揭示了斜长石复杂环带的成因和相关的岩浆作用过程。斑晶斜长石由熔蚀的核部和表面干净的幔部组成,边部包裹有钾长石膜。核部斜长石呈浑圆状或港湾状,内部发育筛状结构,An成分显著低于幔部斜长石,代表来自酸性岩浆房中早期结晶的斜长石捕掳晶。同时,幔部斜长石与自形、表面干净的基质斜长石具有类似的An含量,且两者均含有针状磷灰石的包裹体,应结晶自与暗色微粒包体相应的基性岩浆。长石的复杂结构记录了雁荡山火山-侵入杂岩形成过程中的岩浆混合作用和岩浆演化过程。岩浆混合之后的火山喷发活动,造成岩浆房的压力突然减小,温压条件达到钾长石结晶的区域,在石英正长斑岩的斑晶斜长石和暗色包体中的斑晶与基质斜长石外均形成钾长石膜,构成反环斑结构。 相似文献
18.
Apatite as an indicator mineral for mineral exploration: trace-element compositions and their relationship to host rock type 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
E. A. Belousova W. L. Griffin Suzanne Y. O'Reilly N. I. Fisher 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2002,76(1):1056
Over 700 apatite grains from a range of rock types have been analysed by laser-ablation microprobe ICPMS for 28 trace elements, to investigate the potential usefulness of apatite as an indicator mineral in mineral exploration. Apatites derived from different rock types have distinctive absolute and relative abundances of many trace elements (including rare-earth elements (REE), Sr, Y, Mn, Th), and chondrite-normalised trace-element patterns. The slope of chondrite-normalised REE patterns varies systematically from ultramafic through mafic/intermediate to highly fractionated granitoid rock types. (Ce/Yb)cn is very high in apatites from carbonatites and mantle-derived lherzolites (over 100 and over 200, respectively), while (Ce/Yb)cn values in apatites from granitic pegmatites are generally less than 1, reflecting both HREE enrichment and LREE depletion. Within a large suite of apatites from granitoid rocks, chemical composition is closely related to both the degree of fractionation and the oxidation state of the magma, two important parameters in determining the mineral potential of the magmatic system. Apatite can accept high levels of transition and chalcophile elements and As, making it feasible to recognise apatite associated with specific types of mineralisation. Multivariate statistical analysis has provided a user-friendly scheme to distinguish apatites from different rock types, based on contents of Sr, Y, Mn and total REE, the degree of LREE enrichment and the size of the Eu anomaly. The scheme can be used for the recognition of apatites from specific rock types or styles of mineralisation, so that the provenance of apatite grains in heavy mineral concentrates can be determined and used in geochemical exploration. 相似文献
19.
班公湖-怒江缝合带西段阿翁错复式岩体的岩浆混合成因:地球化学、年代学和暗色微粒包体证据 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
阿翁错复式岩体位于班公湖-怒江缝合带西段,是班公湖-怒江特提斯洋俯冲消减,造山过程中岩浆响应的重要组成部分,以广泛发育暗色微粒包体和岩浆混合、不协调现象为特征。本文以阿翁错复式岩体为研究对象,对寄主岩和暗色微粒包体开展了系统的地质学、地球化学和锆石U-Pb年代学研究,探讨了阿翁错复式岩体的岩浆混合成因。暗色微粒包体塑性变形特征明显,与寄主岩呈截然或渐变接触,偶见反向脉发育,包体具细-中粗粒结构,含斜长石、钾长石、角闪石、暗色镶边石英等斑晶,偶见角闪石斑晶横跨包体和寄主岩,在包体及包体周围寄主岩中见长柱状斜长石、角闪石和针状磷灰石等结构特征,表明暗色微粒包体为岩浆混合作用的产物。寄主岩与包体均为准铝质、钙碱性-高钾钙碱性系列岩石,主要氧化物含量在Harker图解上具有良好的线性关系,稀土元素配分曲线图和微量元素蛛网图具有高度一致性,表明二者具有强烈的地球化学亲源关系,且经历了相似的岩浆演化过程。寄主岩和暗色微粒包体的成岩年龄分别为109. 1±1. 0Ma和107. 4±0. 7Ma,岩浆混合作用发生在早白垩世晚期,处于班公湖-怒江特提斯洋由弧-陆碰撞向陆陆碰撞的转换阶段即软碰撞阶段。研究表明,在班公湖-怒江特提斯洋向北向羌塘地块之下俯冲的背景下,洋壳脱水,引起上覆地幔楔发生部分熔融,形成镁铁质岩浆,镁铁质岩浆向上运移,并底侵于壳-幔边界,引发下地壳物质发生部分熔融,形成长英质岩浆,当镁铁质岩浆从底部注入长英质岩浆房时,镁铁质岩浆快速冷凝,形成部分色率高、粒度细,具冷凝边的包体,与寄主岩呈截然型接触,随着端元岩浆之间的温差逐渐降低,包体色率降低,粒度变大,与寄主岩呈渐变过渡。 相似文献
20.
The paper presents original data on the inner structure, mineralogy, and geochemistry of the Late Paleozoic Burgasy quartz syenite massif in western Transbaikalia and mafic microgranular enclaves (MME) in its rocks. The composition of the mafic microgranular enclaves is close to that of phase-1 monzonitoids of this pluton, but the enclaves are not xenoliths of these rocks but were produced by the crystallization of an individual portion of dispersed hybridized basalt melt. The basaltoid nature of the enclaves follows, first of all, from the relict assemblage of calcic plagioclase (An 73–60) and clinopyroxene and from the magmatic dolerite and microgabbro textures of the rocks. The monzonitoid composition of the enclaves was caused by hybridism, which was responsible for the crystallization of quartz, potassic feldspar, and sodic plagioclase due to the introduction of silica, potassium, and some other components. Hybridism was restricted to a boundary crystallization layer in the deep portion of the magmatic chamber (near its bottom). The scatter of the enclaves throughout the whole volume of the pluton is explained by the density inversion of the hybrid layer and material transfer by convective flows. The mafic enclaves crystallized from basaltic melt of within-plate geochemical type. In spite of intense hybridism, the enclaves preserved typical compositional signatures of mafic magma related to the generation of granites in western Transbaikalia in the Late Paleozoic. The basaltoid nature of the mafic enclaves of the Burgasy Massif testifies that magma was simultaneously generated in the mantle and crust during the development of the Late Paleozoic province in the area. 相似文献