共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
目前岩芯信息表述尚没有统一的格式,严重阻碍了岩芯信息资源的利用,造成了资源浪费。为提高岩芯信息利用率,方便用户和其他软件共享岩芯信息,必须规范其组织、存储和交换数据格式,并提供相应的技术实现手段通过软件自动保存、解析岩芯信息。文章参照国内外相关资料及技术标准,创建了岩芯信息元数据标准,应用XML技术生成与元数据标准对应的XSD文件,并在应用程序中成功使用,当用户交互岩芯信息时,生成符合XSD格式要求的XML数据文件传送信息,不同用户可以正确解析岩芯信息。通过应用岩芯信息元数据标准,规范了数字化岩芯信息组织、存储和交换,采用XML技术由软件自动实现,大大提高了用户工作效率,方便了岩芯信息的共享,充分发挥了岩芯信息的价值。 相似文献
2.
空间位置服务平台的构架设计与服务接口实现 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过空间位置服务平台对位置服务领域中众多复杂的空间信息数据进行有效地整合和资源共享, 可以为用户提供综合性的位置应用和服务.利用基于空间信息网格(spatial information grid, SIG) 的分布式思想对空间位置服务平台的架构进行了模型设计和技术实现, 完成了地图数据和定位查询的分布式存储和检索.平台服务接口满足开放位置服务(openlocation service, OpenLS) 规范, 利用XML进行信息编码, 通过HTTP进行数据传输, 介绍了相应的接口内容和调用示例.针对定位信息的更新和传递提出了一种新的基于Push的主动通知机制, 提供与各种定位接口的数据转换和消息处理能力, 高效地实现了位置应用和服务平台之间的消息传递.最后结合MAPGIS平台和CDMA手机定位技术进行了原型系统的实现, 验证了平台理论模型和服务接口的可用性. 相似文献
3.
地球科学研究产生了大量的地球数据，其特点决定了地球数据共享的必要性。分析了网络化过程中地球数据共享存在的若干问题，介绍了XML Web Service及其相关技术．提出了基于XML Web Service的地球数据共享模型。在VS．NET中对XML Web Service在地球数据共享的应用进行了测试．指出XML Web Service是未来实现全球级的地球数据共享应用的理想选择。 相似文献
4.
G. Lecca C. Lai F. Murgia R. Biddau L. Fanfani P. Maggi 《Earth Science Informatics》2009,2(1-2):83-95
AQUAGRID is the subsurface hydrology computational service of the Sardinian GRIDA3 infrastructure, designed to deliver complex environmental applications via a user-friendly Web portal. The service aims to provide to water professionals integrated modeling tools to solve water resources management problems and aid decision making for contaminated soil and groundwater. In this paper, the AQUAGRID application concept and enabling technologies are illustrated. At the heart of the service are the computational models to simulate complex and large groundwater flow and contaminant transport problems and geochemical speciation. AQUAGRID is built on top of compute-Grid technologies by means of the EnginFrame Grid framework. Distributed data management is provided by the Storage Resource Broker data-Grid middleware. The resulting environment allows end-users to perform groundwater simulations and to visualize and interact with their results, using graphs, 3D images and annotated maps. The problem solving capability of the platform is demonstrated using the results of two case studies deployed. 相似文献
5.
Marc Van Camp Ibrahimu Chikira Mjemah Nawal Al Farrah Kristine Walraevens 《Hydrogeology Journal》2013,21(2):341-356
Management of groundwater resources can be improved by using groundwater models to perform risk analyses and to improve development strategies, but a lack of extensive basic data often limits the implementation of sophisticated models. Dar es Salaam in Tanzania is an example of a city where increasing groundwater use in a Pleistocene aquifer is causing groundwater-related problems such as saline intrusion along the coastline, lowering of water-table levels, and contamination of pumping wells. The lack of a water-level monitoring network introduces a problem for basic data collection and model calibration and validation. As a replacement, local water-supply wells were used for measuring groundwater depth, and well-top heights were estimated from a regional digital elevation model to recalculate water depths to hydraulic heads. These were used to draw a regional piezometric map. Hydraulic parameters were estimated from short-time pumping tests in the local wells, but variation in hydraulic conductivity was attributed to uncertainty in well characteristics (information often unavailable) and not to aquifer heterogeneity. A MODFLOW model was calibrated with a homogeneous hydraulic conductivity field and a sensitivity analysis between the conductivity and aquifer recharge showed that average annual recharge will likely be in the range 80–100 mm/year. 相似文献
6.
7.
基于CERN的中国大气降水同位素观测网络 总被引：23，自引：0，他引：23
大气降水是水循环的输入项,也是指示气候变化的关键因子.稳定同位素18O、D和放射性同位素T作为水分子的组成要素,是描述水循环演化历史信息的理想天然示踪剂.对降水中氢氧同位素进行系统的观测将有助于明确全球及各局地水循环机制及大气环流模式.首先回顾与评述了全球大气降水同位素网络(GNIP)的发展历程及研究现状,同时,指出中国大气降水同位素观测与研究的不足之处,在此基础上,提出以中国生态系统研究网络(CERN)为基础,建立中国大气降水同位素观测网络(CHNIP),并对该网络的主要内容、特点及初步成果等进行了介绍. 相似文献
8.
吉林中部水资源管理决策支持系统是以可视化编程语言Visual Basic为基础,结合Access数据库,可调用的GIS控件组MapObject而开发的。实现了数据、文件的管理功能,图形图像的管理与编辑功能。以区域水资源经济净效益的最大化为目标函数,建立了多目标规划模型,调用运筹学软件LINDO进行求解,得到水资源利用的最佳方案,实现了水资源合理调配的目的,使决策者在较短时间内解决水资源多目标规划问题成为了可能。 相似文献
9.
Mina Moradizadeh Mehdi Momeni Mohammad R. Saradjian 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2014,7(5):1891-1897
Atmospheric water vapor validation needs simultaneous, well-defined, and independent information which are not easily available causing limitations in the development of remote sensing water vapor retrieval algorithms. This study is concerned with the retrieval of total atmospheric water vapor content and its validation. A band ratio method has been used to estimate the water vapor content based on Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Near InfraRed (NIR) data. The method uses MODIS bands 17, 18, and 19 as NIR bands and band 2 to remove the land cover reflectance. Furthermore, the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) has been used for both algorithm development and analysis of the results. The method has been modified to take into account the dry condition of the central parts of Iran. Using some various datasets, the method is implemented and evaluated quantitatively. The validation of the water vapor estimates has been undertaken by an analysis of AIRS data. The validation results shows error as low as 9 % for the estimated water vapor using the MODIS NIR band ratio method. 相似文献
10.
找矿突破战略行动是保障国家经济社会可持续发展、提高矿产资源保障能力的重大举措,而整装勘查工作则是实现找矿突破的重要途径。本文从地质资料管理的角度,结合整装勘查区找矿所需地质信息,提出了地质资料数据集成与服务整装勘查的技术与方法,即汇集整装勘查区的资料数据及分布图,对数据进行集成整合后制作成公开版数据,研发相应的资料管理与服务系统进行数据发布,便于地质工作者查询以往工作形成的资料。以整装勘查区地质工作为例的资料数据集成与服务研究工作是对地质资料产品开发的一次新尝试,这为今后地质资料产品开发提供了很好的参考和借鉴。 相似文献
11.
Hydraulic fills used in Australian mines have similar grain size distributions whilst having quite different specific gravity
values, typically in the range of 2.7–4.4. When produced and distributed in slurry at 65–75% by solid content, they settle
to produce fills with similar geotechnical characteristics. The fills under investigation have been found to settle, in the
laboratory, to a dry density of about 0.56 × specific gravity, a saturation water content of about 17–34%, and a porosity
of 37–49%. A quick estimate of the optimum water content that gives the minimum porosity may be obtained by locating the intersection
of the saturation curve and minimum porosity line, which may simply be done on a water content vs. porosity plot. However,
transportability of the slurry requires it to be mixed at water content substantially greater than the optimum water content.
As the tailings settle out of suspension, they settle to relative density of 50–80%. This paper shows that the current empirical
relationships relating relative density and N-value to friction angle for sands will significantly underestimate the friction angle of the hydraulic fills. Based on limited
experimental data, a unique relationship between relative density and friction angle is proposed for hydraulic fills placed
in some Australian mines. 相似文献
12.
Groundwater potentiality index: a strategically conceived tool for water research in fractured aquifers 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Said Ettazarini 《Environmental Geology》2007,52(3):477-487
Durable development requires full profit and knowledge of natural resources potentialities. Multi-criterion approaches that
encompass geological, morphological, hydrological and Geographical Information System technologies are ones of exiting developments
in environmental sciences. This work is a proposition of a numerical model based on a groundwater potentiality index (GPI)
calculation, using data on rock fracturing, lithology, drainage, topography, rainfall and drilling water yield. It provides
the ability to identify areas indicating favorable conditions for exploratory well positioning in semi-arid zones with non-permeable
outcrops. It is therefore a helpful tool to assist water resources prospecting in deprived regions. The newly conceived approach
has been applied in the southeastern boundary of the Bouregreg and coastal basins of Central Morocco, where Paleozoic fractured
rocks outcrop. The suitability of the GPI method use was verified by comparing the GPI map values with water yield of thirteen
pumping tests in a field checking area, which revealed promising results. 相似文献
13.
煤矿水害严重制约煤炭资源安全高效开发。针对我国煤矿开采面临的典型顶板、底板和老空水害问题,现阶段矿井水害防治主要开展水害危险性评价、涌水量预测、水害监测预警及水害探查与治理等工作,智能化程度不高。为了解决煤矿企业现场水害防治不同阶段研究与决策的智能化需求,通过将煤矿水害防治与“大数据”“数字化矿山”“互联网+”“云服务平台”等新理念、新技术进行融合,设计开发了基于多源数据融合的矿井水害防控远程服务云平台,实现水文地质信息管理、水害风险分析评价、水害防治方案设计、水害监测数据分析与智能预警、水灾事故辅助决策以及随时随地多部门多端协同,构建形成“互联网+水害防治智慧服务”新模式。矿井水害防控远程服务云平台实现了煤矿水害防治方案的科学、快速、精准制定,提高了矿井水害防治技术工作管理水平,为煤矿安全高效开采提供可靠的技术平台支撑。 相似文献
14.
Tirumalesh Keesari U. P. Kulkarni Archana Deodhar P. S. Ramanjaneyulu A. K. Sanjukta U. Saravana Kumar 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,71(11):4869-4888
A study on the geochemical processes in arid region of western India (Kachchh district) was carried out using major, minor, trace metal data and isotopic composition (δ2H, δ18O) of groundwaters. Results indicate that the distribution of chemical species in groundwater of this district is controlled by leaching of marine sediments, dissolution of salts in root zone and incongruent dissolution of carbonate minerals. Common inorganic contaminants such as fluoride, nitrate and phosphate are within drinking water permissible limits. However, most of the samples analyzed contain total dissolved salts more than desirable limits and fall in doubtful to unsuitable category with regard to irrigational purpose. Trace metal data indicates no contamination from toxic elements such as arsenic and lead. An increased salt content is observed in groundwater at shallower depths indicating mixing with surface water sources. The chemical characteristics of the groundwater have found to be strongly dependent on the local lithological composition. Environmental isotopic data indicates that the groundwater is of meteoric origin and has undergone limited modification before its recharge. The processes responsible for observed brackishness are identified using chemical and isotope indicators, which are in agreement with subsurface lithology and hydrochemistry. These data though represent hydrochemical scenario of 2001 can still be used for understanding the long-term fluctuations in water chemistry and would be quite useful for the planners in validating groundwater quality models. 相似文献
15.
遥感信息在南水北调西线工程区构造解译中的应用 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
以南水北调西线工程区的构造解译为例,对信息源选择、波段组合、影像融合、几何精校正、图像镶嵌等一系列处理方法进行针对性研究,证实了该方法组合对南水北调西线工程区的遥感影像处理的有效性,进而建立了色调、形状、地层或岩体被错断、地貌形态差异和水系格局等解译标志.通过对断裂构造解译的实地验证,表明解译准确率达到90%以上,位置误差小于15m.与常规地质调查方法相比,遥感信息具有视域宽广、内容丰富、主要断裂突出、受地面条件限制较少、有效提高野外验证效率的优势. 相似文献
16.
This paper addresses the problem of classifying minerals common in siliciclastic and carbonate rocks. Twelve chemical elements are mapped from thin sections by energy dispersive spectroscopy in a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Extensions to traditional multivariate statistical methods are applied to perform the classification. First, training and validation sets are grown from one or a few seed points by a method that ensures spatial and spectral closeness of observations. Spectral closeness is obtained by excluding observations that have high Mahalanobis distances to the training class mean. Spatial closeness is obtained by requesting connectivity. Second, class consistency is controlled by forcing each class into 5–10 subclasses and checking the separability of these subclasses by means of canonical discriminant analysis. Third, class separability is checked by means of the Jeffreys–Matusita distance and the posterior probability of a class mean being classified as another class. Fourth, the actual classification is carried out based on four supervised classifiers all assuming multinormal distributions: simple quadratic, a contextual quadratic, and two hierarchical quadratic classifiers. Overall weighted misclassification rates for all quadratic classifiers are very low for both the training (0.25–0.33%) and validation sets (0.65–1.13%). Finally, the number of rejected observations in routine runs is checked to control the performance of the SEM image acquisition and the classification. Although the contextual classifier performs marginally best on the validation set, the simple quadratic classifier is chosen in routine classifications because of the lower processing time required. The method is presently used as a routine petrographical analysis method at Norsk Hydro Research Centre. The data can be approximated by a Poisson distribution. Accordingly, the square root of the data has constant variance and a linear classifier can be used. Near orthogonal input data, enable the use of a minimum distance classifier. Results from both linear and quadratic minimum distance classifications are described briefly. 相似文献
17.
This study focuses on the development of a system with a spatial database and a webGIS able to store, validate and display the data to assist the decision makers in managing early warning systems for river embankment failure. In order to obtain precise results, it is essential to have a tool with ability of managing a large number of data for checking their reliability and for locating them in the space. In this paper, special emphasis was given in the development of procedures to assess the reliability of the measures. For this purpose, the database includes all the information needed to describe the instrument performance, such as the sand pack size and casing diameter of open-standpipe piezometers for evaluating their time lag, and the calibration curves of transducers with the possibility of their updating. The position of the non-functioning instruments is identified through the analysis of the electrical signal and spatial displays, while the analyses of the redundancy and coherence of measures is used for detecting doubtful data. Database and webGIS were applied to the monitoring data of an embankment of the Adige River in Northern Italy. The database and webGIS system has proved to be a suitable and effective tool for the management and validation of real-time data and periodical field measurements. 相似文献
18.
Robert S. Weigel Mikhail Zhizhin Dmitry Mishin Dmitry Kokovin Eric Kihn Jeremy Faden 《Earth Science Informatics》2010,3(1-2):19-28
The recent Heliophysics Virtual Observatory (VxO) effort involves the development of separate observatories with a low overlap in physical domain or area of scientific specialization and a high degree of overlap in metadata management needs. VxOware is a content and metadata management system. While it is intended for use by a VxO specifically, it can also be used by any entity that manages structured metadata. VxOware has many features of a content management system and extensively uses the W3C recommendations for XML (Extensible Markup Language), XQuery (XML Query), and XSLT (Extensible Style Sheet Language Transformations). VxOware has features such as system and user administration, search, user-editable content, version tracking, and a wiki. Besides virtual observatories, the intended user-base of VxOware includes a group or an instrument team that has developed a directory structure of data files and would like to make this data, and its associated metadata, available in the virtual observatory network. One of the most powerful features of VxOware is the ability to link any type of object in the observatory to other objects and the ability for every object to be tagged. 相似文献
19.
Validating the demarcation of eco-geographical regions: a geostatistical application 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Eco-geographical regional system is important for the study of global environmental changes and sustainable development, and
it serves as a scientific basis for rationally managing and sustainably utilizing ecosystems and natural resources, such as
constructing healthy eco-environments and making policies of environmental management. This paper explained the necessity
of validation in the demarcation of eco-geographical regions, which is difficult and may be achieved with some assumptions
and presumptions because of the existence of transition zones. Also in this paper, we explored the use of geostatistics in
validating regions and boundaries using a case study in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau on the basis of normalized difference vegetation
index (NDVI) data. The results show that: (1) eco-geographical regions have different spatial complexity and spatial heterogeneity
[i.e. different characteristic values (nugget/sill, fractal) of NDVI], and regions with similar patterns of temperature and
moisture have similar mean NDVI values and spatial characteristics [i.e. similar spatial characteristic values (nugget/sill,
fractal) of NDVI]. Thus, based on the similarity of spatial heterogeneity or spatial patterns of distribution, demarcations
of eco-geographical regions with similar conditions of temperature and moisture, such as IID1 (Ngari montane desert-steppe
and desert zone), IID2 (Qaidam montane desert zone), and IID3 (Northern slopes of Kunlun montane desert zone), meet the regional
validation requirement. (2) Based on the comparison of spatial heterogeneity or spatial patterns of distribution, the boundary
between IIA/B1 (Western Sichuan–eastern Xizang montane coniferous forest zone) and IB1 (Golog–Nagqu high-cold shrub–meadow
zone) meets the boundary validation requirement. This boundary guarantees high similarities in an intra-region and high differences
in inter-regions, because the value of fractal dimension is the minimum in buffer 1. Furthermore, this paper discussed the
application of geostatistics in the choice of index system for boundaries of eco-geographical regions and the determination
of region size. The results indicate that the application of geostatistics in eco-geographical regional system is broad, and
such researches can serve for obtaining more reasonable and applicable eco-geographical regionalization schemes. 相似文献
20.
基于曙光3000计算环境的寒旱区资源环境数据平台建设 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过对寒区旱区资源环境研究中已积累的大量特色数据、应用模式和程序的分析,对分布式网络环境中的数据采集与管理、应用模式和程序的移植集成、应用程序与数据的交互访问等技术进行了讨论,提出建立由数据中心、中间件服务、应用服务、一站式管理组成的数据平台是提高数据利用效率,方便实现数据与应用集成,提高科研效率的一种有效途径之一.对数据平台建设的主要思路及实现技术进行了详细讨论,并在实验基础上,初步建立了基于曙光3000高性能计算环境的寒区旱区资源环境数据平台,为以后的数据网格建设做了一定的技术准备. 相似文献