共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 162 毫秒
1.
卡拉水电站坝区渗流控制效应精细模拟与评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
卡拉水电站坝址区河谷狭窄,岸坡陡峻,地质条件复杂,渗漏问题突出。为减小卡拉坝区渗漏并改善大坝的渗透稳定性,工程设计采取防渗帷幕、排水孔幕和排水洞等防渗排水措施。采用子结构、变分不等式和自适应罚函数相结合的方法（简称SVA方法）,结合典型溢流坝段与坝区整体渗流场分析成果,评价卡拉大坝及坝基渗流控制方案的合理性,并论证其优化的可能性。研究表明：①防渗帷幕有效雍高了帷幕上游侧岩体内的地下水位、增加了绕坝渗流的渗径长度并降低了坝基的扬压力,排水系统则显著降低了坝体内的孔隙水压力以及坝基扬压力;②排水孔幕间距对坝体内的自由面分布有着显著影响,排水孔幕间距取3.0～4.5 m是合适的。 相似文献
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《地下水》2015,(6)
绕坝渗流除了影响山体本身的安全外,同时会抬高岸坡部分坝体的浸润面,在坝体和岸坡的接触面上可能产生接触冲刷等不利影响。实际工程大多采用混凝土防渗墙防渗形式,以期增大绕坝渗流渗径来削减绕坝渗流量并减小砂层渗透坡降。本研究以现有76眼民井为基础,分析西霞院水库蓄水前、后近坝区地下水动态变化及续建防渗墙对近坝区地下水影响。结果表明,近坝区地下水位变化与水库水位变化关系密切,水库蓄水对近坝区产生了明显的影响,使地下水位抬升明显、地下水渗流场发生改变。防渗墙续建前后,左岸下游地下水位与库水位响应关系已不明显,渗流方向有所改变,渗流强度明显减小,左岸防渗墙防渗作用明显;右岸渗流方向基本没变,渗流强度有所减小,下游地下水位与库水位仍存在一定的相关关系,右岸防渗墙上下游测井水位差没有左岸明显,说明右岸防渗墙也已经发挥防渗作用,但不如左岸明显。 相似文献
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江雄水库施工中认为坝区存在较严重的渗漏问题, 由此, 在设计中对河床段坝基采用了上墙 (防渗墙) 下幕(帷幕灌浆) 组合防渗结构, 对两岸坝肩采用了帷幕灌浆防渗结构处理措施。利用渗流理论, 在分析坝区地质条件和概化水文地质模型的基础上, 建立了坝区三维渗流数值模型, 对坝区防渗处理设计条件下(方案Ⅰ和Ⅱ) 的坝基渗漏及渗透变形进行了计算和比较分析。结果表明, 两种防渗方案均可行, 但方案Ⅰ优于方案Ⅱ。 相似文献
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渗流作用下软基心墙坝稳定性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于心墙坝的渗流特性建立了渗流分析模型和坝坡渗透稳定分析模型,并进一步考虑坝下软土地基的压缩特性提出了与当前应力状态有关的软土层渗流分析模型,将所建模型应用于某水利枢纽主土坝典型软基断面不同运行工况的计算,详细分析了心墙的防渗作用和软土层变形对渗透稳定的不良影响。 相似文献
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坝址环境水质及其时空变化隐含了丰富的信息,可以揭示水、岩、帷幕间的相互作用情况以及渗流条件的改变。以李家峡水电站为例,对坝址不同部位渗流水进行采样检测的基础上,综合运用水化学图示、统计分析等方法,研究了坝址环境水质空间分布特征,并与之前的检测结果对比分析水质变化趋势。研究显示,廊道内渗水总体上呈现出“高矿化”的特征,且坝基部位较两岸坝肩尤甚,表明两岸部位帷幕前后水力联系相对活跃;从时间演变看,左岸及坝基廊道部位的水质与此前检测分布较为一致,表明对应部位防渗性能变化稳定;右岸水样两次检测情况变化较大,表明右岸廊道部分部位渗流条件变化较大。 相似文献
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陡坡水库存在大坝质量差、坝体发育大量裂缝、背水坡出现散浸现象、坝后沼泽化并形成一上升泉以及排水渠和鱼池有絮状析出物、渗漏量增大等问题,这些异常现象都是由坝体及坝基渗流引起的。在阐述坝体和坝基地质、水文地质条件情况下,分析了大坝渗漏成因及大坝的渗透稳定性,指出坝体实际浸润线及坝体渗漏量是不正常的,特别是1987年后当库水位高于194 m,同一库水位呈上升趋势,这是反常的。坝基实际渗漏量异常,存在管涌和接触冲刷问题,尤其库水位低至 193.84 m,坝后上升泉仍有沙沸现象。上述现象表明大坝渗流是危险的,并分析了散浸、析出物、上升泉及沼泽化、坝肩及绕坝渗漏等现象的成因。 相似文献
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采用综合物探等方法对南京赭山头水库长期存在的渗漏问题进行探测,在物探探测渗漏区结合地质钻探确定大坝的渗漏通道,对存在渗漏通道的左右坝肩部位,采用薄壁混凝土防渗墙和帷幕灌浆的方法进行防渗处理,经过汛期高水位的检验,水库多年存在的渗漏险情得到了根本解决。 相似文献
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帷幕体的修建是为了对坝基进行加固和防渗,但在蓄水条件下,坝基帷幕体遭受长期的高压渗流、溶蚀等作用,坝基帷幕防渗作用衰减以致失效,从而引起坝基渗流量增加和扬压力增高。依据地球化学热力学的基本理论,通过分析坝基地下水微观动态,定量化解析幕后地下水溶液与某种矿物之间的反应状态,采用了基于化学热力学模型的FORTRAN程序,从一个侧面来反映坝基帷幕体防渗效果及其耐久性。结合某工程实例,建立2001－2010年的时间序列模型,计算出的方解石饱和指数由2.03变为0.26,揭示出某坝10坝段处坝基帷幕体的防渗性能及其耐久性发生了衰减,且具有阶段性变化的特点,2001－2004年间与2006－2008年间坝基地下水的微观动态处于相对稳定的时期（缓变）;2005年间与2009－2010年间处于突变时期（陡变）。揭示出该坝段坝基帷幕体的防渗性能出现了局部的衰减,其结果与地下水宏观动态反映出的规律较一致,证明该方法在一个侧面能够反映出帷幕体的防渗性能和耐久性的变化特征。 相似文献
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In this study, seepage phenomena through the right abutment of Shahid Abbaspour dam are investigated. The Shahid Abbaspour dam is a 200 m high arch dam, which regulates the waters of the Karun River, serves power generation, and flood control and irrigation needs. The dam site lies in the Zagros Mountains of southern Iran. This region presents continuous series of mainly of karstic limestone, marl, shale and gypsum ranging in age from Jurassic to Pliocene. The region has subsequently been folded and faulted. Seepage from the Shahid Abbaspour reservoir occurs mainly through the karstic limestone.The basic foundation treatment of the dam consisted of consolidation grouting, a high-pressure grout curtain and a drainage curtain. Moreover, a 144 m high and 30 m wide concrete cutoff wall was built to prevent reservoir seepage through a clay-filled fracture zone in the right abutment. The grout curtain penetrates the “Principal Vuggy Zone” only beneath the central portion of the dam and below the cutoff wall. In the right abutment fan curtains were constructed to reduce drainage flows, but the seepage problem could not be solved. In order to determine the seepage direction and karstification pattern, hydrogeological studies have been carried out. Additional investigation boreholes have been drilled to monitor fluctuations in groundwater level. Besides these, water chemistry, dye tracer, pinhole and XRF tests have been carried out. As a result of these studies, seepage paths have been identified in the karstic limestone in the right abutment of the dam. 相似文献
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Lei Zhang Duoxing Yang Yaowei Liu Yongtai Che Dajun Qin 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,72(11):4491-4500
It is a common concern that the groundwater flow field caused by the Three Gorges Dam changes the regional seismic activity and environment. The changes in the seepage region could be effectively reflected through the analysis of the groundwater age using chlorofluorocarbons (CFC)-based techniques. In this study, the influences of the reservoir water on groundwater and the seepage region boundary of the reservoir were investigated using CFCs, stable isotopes, and water level in groundwater, reservoir water, and spring water during the water storage process of the Three Gorges Reservoir. The results show that the water supplied by the groundwater is older, whereas the water supplied by the reservoir and the springs is younger. With an increase in the water level of the reservoir, the water in well W3, which is located at the vice dam of the head region, becomes older due to the reservoir loading effect, whereas the water in well W4 become younger due to the lateral seepage of reservoir water. This finding indicates that the groundwater seepage regions in wells W3 and W4, which are located at upstream of the reservoir, are all influenced by the Three Gorges Reservoir. In contrast, the sampling points in the northern section of the Xiannvshan fault zone, which is farther from the dam, did not exhibit any direct hydraulic connection between the groundwater and the reservoir water; thus, the reservoir seepage effects may not affect the northern part of the Xiannvshan fault zone. These research results provide important reference data that can be used to analyze the effects of the Three Gorges reservoir storage on the regional environment. 相似文献
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The Doosti Dam was built across the Harirood River on the border between Turkmenistan and Iran. During the reservoir impounding, leakage occurred as new springs through the sandstone layers of the Pesteleigh Aquifer and limy sandstone and limestone layers of the Neyzar–Kalat Aquifer, at the right abutment of the dam. To evaluate the grout curtain operation, a tracer test was carried out by injection of Uranine in a borehole located at the upstream of grout curtain in the Pesteleigh Aquifer. Tracer test results demonstrated a diffuse flow component through the grout curtain in the Pesteleigh Aquifer, but no tracer was detected at the main leakage point, SP1 Spring, emerged downstream of grout curtain from the Neyzar–Kalat Aquifer. Using the spectral coherency function, the lag time between changes in the water level of the injection borehole and water level in the tracer detected boreholes or discharge of the tracer detected springs was determined. Linear regression analyses indicated that the estimated lag time by the time series analysis was close to the first arrival time of the tracer. Therefore, the estimated velocities based on the lag time of time series could be considered close to the calculated velocities based on the first arrival time of the tracer. The estimated groundwater velocities based on the time series analysis ranged from 3.91 to 20.31 m h?1, showed that diffuse flow dominated pathways from the reservoir toward the downstream boreholes in the Neyzar–Kalat Aquifer, while conduit flow was present within the pathways toward the SP1 Spring. Regarding the reservoir volume, the negligible amount of leakage at the maximum water level of the reservoir confirmed well overall operation of the grout curtain at the dam site. 相似文献
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金沙江溪洛渡水电站环境水文地质综合评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
溪洛渡水电站是我国西南地区的一座大型水电站,其规模仅次于三峡水利枢纽规模,在分析坝区水文地质条件的基础上,从温度场,同位素,水化学场以及岩体地下水动力条件等多角度解释了溪洛渡水电站坝区两岸地下水埋深水,局部温度和局部承压等异常现象,通过分析认为,坝址区水文地质工程条件良好,岩体透水性较弱,无水的控水构造,坝区不存在危害性的渗漏问题,坝基及两岸谷坡均有相对抗水介质存在。 相似文献
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Gyoo-Bum Kim 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,69(6):2059-2072
Though the geologic barrier surrounding a dam reservoir plays an important role in preventing water seepage to the outside of a reservoir, a detailed survey to assess bedrock conditions of the whole reservoir boundary is seldom performed when designing a dam. In this study, a variety of investigations and analyses have been conducted to reveal a seepage phenomenon through a reservoir boundary composed of highly fractured metamorphic rocks at the Daechung multipurpose dam. At the study site, groundwater levels at monitoring wells located close to a reservoir tend to change proportionally to reservoir water levels, usually with a rapid response time of 1 day or less. Soil moisture content also changes with respect to the reservoir water level, and the area where seepage from the reservoir is a possibility has a relatively high soil moisture content. The similarity of measured seepage rates at the outflow site and the seepage rate estimated by Darcy’s law suggests strong connectivity and high density of the fractures. The estimated seepage rate using a numerical model for the northernmost valley (Zone 1) is approximately 127.2 m3/day in the case of high reservoir water level and 24.3 m3/day in the case of low water level. Continuous monitoring to obtain time series data for water levels, quality, and bedrock displacement is recommended to assess the sustainable stability of this geologic barrier. 相似文献
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Seepage problems in the karstic limestone foundation of the Kalecik Dam (south Turkey) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Sedat Turkmen Eray
zgüler Hidayet Taga Talip Karaogullarindan 《Engineering Geology》2002,63(3-4):247-257
Seepage phenomena through the karstic limestone foundation of Kalecik Dam are investigated. The dam, designed as a rock-fill dam with a height of 77 m, is already used for irrigation. The foundation consists of Mesozoic ophiolite, Paleocene allochthonous units composed of different lithologies, and Miocene conglomerate. The conglomerate lies unconformably on the other units. Quaternary basaltic lava patchily covers the others. Seepage from upstream to downstream occurs through the allochthonous karstic limestone. This limestone, which is overlain by conglomerates, has a thickness increasing towards the right abutment.
To prevent seepage at the right abutment, a 200-m long and 60-m deep grout curtain along the dam axis was constructed. After the impoundment, some springs occurred downstream, and for this reason, extra grouting was performed. However, the seepage problem could not be solved. In order to determine the seepage direction and karstification pattern, hydrological studies have been done. Additional investigation boreholes have been drilled to observe fluctuations of the groundwater level and to analyze hydrochemistry. Also, dye tracer tests have been carried out.
As a result of these hydrogeological studies, seepage paths were observed in the karstic limestone located between the dam and the spillway. As those carbonate rocks continue beneath the spillway, the seepage problems are enjected to continue. 相似文献