共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Hydrological modeling aims to place the disposal of water actors, very simple tools for hydrological simulation to start with, the basic observations made on rainfall until the reproduction of the response the flow of a basin. The aims of this work consist, first, of testing the model GR4J (Génie Rural à 4 paramètres Journalier) performances of the rain-flow in semi-arid environment watershed and secondly, of highlighting the contribution of new optimization techniques (genetic algorithm, Gauss-Newton) in determining the optimal parameters of the model. The results obtained show that those methods of optimization are robust and reliable in comparison with the “solver” optimization used in Excel that usually applies for GR4J model. In terms of the model performances, we obtained a very satisfying results. Also, the simulations clearly show the influence of the melting snow on the Ourika’s basin flows; indeed, taking into account this component in the model allowed a consecutive improvement of the simulations. 相似文献
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3.
Evaluating multiple performance criteria to calibrate the distributed hydrological model of the upper Neckar catchment 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Performance criteria are used in the automated calibration of hydrological models to determine and minimise the misfit between observations and model simulations. In this study, a multiobjective model calibration framework is used to analyse the trade-offs between Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency of flows (NSE), the NSE of log-transformed flows (NSElogQ), and the sum-squared error of monthly discharge sums (SSEMQ). These criteria are known to put different emphasis on average and high flows, low flows, and average volume-balance components. Twenty-two upper Neckar subbasins whose catchment area ranges from 56 to 3,976 km2 were modelled with the distributed mesoscale hydrological model (mHM) to investigate these trade-offs. The 53 global parameters required for each instance of the mHM model were estimated with the global search algorithm AMALGAM. Equally weighted compromise solutions based on the selected criteria and extreme ends of all bi-criterion Pareto fronts were used after each calibration run to analyse the trade-off between different performance criteria. Calibration results were further analysed with ten additional criteria commonly used for evaluating hydrological model performance. Results showed that the trade-off patterns were similar for all subbasins irrespective of catchment size and that the largest trade-offs were consistently observed between the NSE and NSElogQ criteria. Simulations with the compromise solution provided a well-balanced fit to individual characteristics of the streamflow hydrographs and exhibited improved volume balance. Other performance criteria such as bias, the Pearson correlation coefficient, and the relative variability remained largely unchanged between compromise solutions and Pareto extremes. Parameter sets of the best NSE fit and the compromise solution of the largest basin (gauge at Plochingen) were used to simulate streamflow at the other 21 internal subbasins for a 10-year evaluation period without re-calibration. Both parameter sets performed well in the individual basins with median NSE values of 0.74 and 0.72, respectively. The compromise solution resulted in similar NSElogQ-ranges and a 14.6 % lower median volume-balance error which indicates an overall better model performance. The results demonstrate that the performance criteria for hydrological model calibration should be selected in accordance with the anticipated model predictions. The compromise solution provides an advance to the use of single criteria in model calibration. 相似文献
4.
Recent hydrological behavior of the East African great lakes region inferred from GRACE,satellite altimetry and rainfall observations 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Mélanie Becker William LLovel Anny Cazenave Andreas Güntner Jean-François Crétaux 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2010,342(3):223-233
We have jointly analysed space gravimetry data from the GRACE space mission, satellite altimetry data and precipitation over the East African Great Lakes region, in order to study the spatiotemporal variability of hydrological parameters (total water storage, lake water volume and rainfall). We find that terrestrial water storage (TWS) from GRACE and precipitation display a common mode of variability at interannual time scale, with a minimum in late 2005, followed by a rise in 2006–2007. We argue that this event is due to forcing by the strong 2006 Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) on East African rainfall. We also show that GRACE TWS is linked to the El Niño-Southern Oscillation cycle. Combination of the altimetry-based lake water volume with TWS from GRACE over the lakes drainage basins allows estimating soil moisture and groundwater volume variations. Comparison with the WGHM hydrological model outputs is performed and discussed. 相似文献
5.
针对传统基于单一目标的水文模型参数优化率定方法不能充分挖掘水文系统不同动态行为特征的缺陷,提出一种多目标文化混合复形差分进化算法(Multi-objective Culture Shuffled Complex Differential Evolution,MOCSCDE)用于求解水文模型参数多目标优化问题。MOCSCDE算法将混合复形进化算法(Shuffled Complex Evolution,SCE-UA)置于文化算法(Cultural Algorithms,CA)进化的框架中,利用种群进化过程中提取的各种知识指导算法的运行,提高算法的运行效率,同时考虑到SCE-UA中单纯形算子不能充分利用种群个体信息的不足,采用全局搜索能力强的差分进化算法(Differential Evolution,DE)替代单纯形算子,可以更加充分利用种群个体信息进行演化计算,进一步提高算法的计算效率。将MOCSCDE算法应用于概念性水文模型——新安江模型的参数多目标优化率定,并与NSGA-Ⅱ和SPEA2算法进行对比分析,结果表明MOCSCDE算法的收敛性和分布性均优于NSGA-Ⅱ和SPEA2,可为水文预报提供更为全面可靠的参数组合决策依据。 相似文献
6.
Terrestrial water storage (TWS), a sum total of water stored on or beneath the earth’s surface, transits in response to hydroclimatic processes such as precipitation, evapo-transpiration, runoff etc. and serves an indicator of hydrological condition of a region. We analyse spatio-temporal variance of water storage in Krishna Basin, India, derived from in-situ groundwater data and Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite data in order to determine physical causes of variations, and compare the variance with climatic factors such as Cumulative Rainfall Departure (CRD) and drought index i.e. Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI). GRACE satellite based TWS is found to reflect insitu groundwater changes and also shows a relationship with drought patterns as indicated by a good correlation with SPI. The largest part of TWS represents seasonal flux, and at an interannual scale, TWS depicts spatio-temporal variability in response to drought index viz. SPI. We infer that the groundwater storage derived from GRACE time-variable gravity solutions can be utilised to complement in-situ observations at basin scale and it reflects climatic forcing quite well. 相似文献
7.
The data acquired by Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite provides a new way for monitoring groundwater storage changes in China. It is vital to understand its applications in China. This paper systematically reviewed the research progress of groundwater storage monitoring in China based on GRACE data. First, we used the bibliometric analysis and quantitative analysis to clarify trends and characteristics of related studies. Then, we elaborated on the basic principles, methods and uncertainties of groundwater monitoring based on GRACE data. Furthermore, we reviewed the research progress from the aspects of spatial range, accuracies and findings. It was found that the groundwater storage monitoring in China based on GRACE data has gradually received more attention, and the numbers of relevant publications and total citations in both Chinese and English showed an increasing trend. The methods mainly include the principle of water balance and calibration of hydrological models using GRACE satellite data. Most of the relevant studies focused on the North China Plain. The monitoring results are in good agreement with the measured groundwater data, and their correlation coefficients are higher than 0.6. We suggested that the challenges such as low spatial resolution of GRACE data and the uncertainties in monitoring should be considered. In the future, global positioning system, interferometric synthetic aperture radar and groundwater level observation data can be integrated to improve the reliability of groundwater storage monitoring in China. 相似文献
8.
Anzhou Zhao 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2016,9(15):664
Hydrological process modeling depends on the soil data spatial resolution of the watershed. Especially, in a large-scale watershed, could a higher resolution of soil data contribute to a more accurate result? In this study, two soil datasets with different classification systems FAO (World Reference Base) and GSCC (the Genetic Soil Classification of China) were used as inputs for the SWAT model to study the effects of soil datasets on hydrological process modeling in Weihe River basin, China. Results show that the discharge simulated using FAO soil data was better than one simulated using GSCC soil data before model calibration, which indicates that FAO soil data needed less effort to calibrate. After model calibration, discharges were simulated better by both of FAO and GSCC soil data but statistical parameters demonstrate that we can make a relatively more accurate estimation of discharge using the GSCC rather than FAO soil data. Soil water content (SW) simulated using GSCC soil data was statistically significantly higher than those simulated using FAO soil data. However, variations in other hydrological components (surface runoff (SURQ), actual evapotranspiration (ET), and water yield (WYLD) were not statistically significant. This might be because SW is more sensitive to soil properties. For studies aiming to simulate or compare SW, merely calibrating and validating models using river discharge observations is not enough. The hydrological modelers need to identify the key hydrological components intrinsic to their study and weigh the advantages and disadvantages before selecting suitable soil data. 相似文献
9.
Yun Yang Jianfeng Wu Xiaomin Sun Jichun Wu Chunmiao Zheng 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,70(6):2481-2494
Two primary goals of a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA) for solving multi-objective optimization problems are to find as many nondominated solutions as possible toward the true Pareto front and to maintain diversity of Pareto-optimal solutions along the tradeoff curves. However, few MOEAs can achieve these two goals concurrently. This study presents a new hybrid MOEA, the niched Pareto tabu search combined with a genetic algorithm (NPTSGA), in which the global search ability of niched Pareto tabu search (NPTS) is improved by the diversification of candidate solutions that arose from the evolving population of nondominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II). The NPTSGA coupled with a flow and transport model is developed for multi-objective optimal design of groundwater remediation systems. The proposed methodology is then applied to a large field-scale groundwater remediation system for cleanup of large trichloroethylene plume at the Massachusetts Military Reservation in Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Furthermore, a master-slave (MS) parallelization scheme based on the Message Passing Interface is incorporated into the NPTSGA to implement objective function evaluations in a distributed processor environment, which can greatly improve the efficiency of the NPTSGA in finding Pareto-optimal solutions to the real-world applications. This study shows that the MS parallel NPTSGA in comparison with the original NPTS and NSGA-II can balance the tradeoff between the diversity and optimality of solutions during the search process and is an efficient and effective tool for optimizing the multi-objective design of groundwater remediation systems under complicated hydrogeologic conditions. 相似文献
10.
K. N. D. Prasad N. Srinivas A. E. Meshram A. P. Singh V. M. Tiwari 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2017,90(6):704-710
Koyna-Warna Region (KWR) is one of the known sites for reservoir triggered seismicity. The continued triggered seismicity over the five decades is restricted to a region of about 600–700 sq. km, which provides a unique opportunity to monitor geophysical anomalies likely to be associated with seismicity of the region. Present study confers temporal gravity changes recorded by gPhone and GRACE satellite and interprets observed changes in conjunction with seismological, geodetic (cGPS) observations and groundwater level measurements. GRACE data suggest that seasonal vertical deformation due to hydrological loading is ～ 2 cm, which corroborates with continuous GPS observations. Seasonal hydrological loading of the region, which is in a phase of reservoir loading, might be influencing the critically stressed KWR leading to the seasonal seismicity of the region. The gPhone gravity data distinctly show co-seismic gravity signals for eight earthquakes of Mw > 2 and gravity anomalies show positive correlation on a logarithmic scale with earthquake released energy. To investigate the cause of gravity changes, an estimate is made for 14th April 2012 earthquake for Mw 4.8 using fault dislocation model. The recorded gravity changes of 189 μGal by gPhone located at a distance of 28 km from the hypocentre is much more than the estimate of ～0.1 μGal calculated for Mw 4.8 Koyna earthquake. Therefore, it is inferred that co-seismic gravity signals for eight earthquakes are primarily caused due to redistribution of mass at shallow depth. 相似文献
11.
Determining the optimum placement of new wells in an oil field is a crucial work for reservoir engineers. The optimization problem is complex due to the highly nonlinearly correlated and uncertain reservoir performances which are affected by engineering and geologic variables. In this paper, the combination of a modified particle swarm optimization algorithm and quality map method (QM + MPSO), modified particle swarm optimization algorithm (MPSO), standard particle swarm optimization algorithm (SPSO), and centered-progressive particle swarm optimization (CP-PSO) are applied for optimization of well placement. The SPSO, CP-PSO, and MPSO algorithms are first discussed, and then the modified quality map method is discussed, and finally the implementation of these four methods for well placement optimization is described. Four example cases which involve depletion drive model, water injection model, and a real field reservoir model, with the maximization of net present value (NPV) as the objective function are considered. The physical model used in the optimization analyses is a 3-dimensional implicit black-oil model. Multiple runs of all methods are performed, and the results are averaged in order to achieve meaningful comparisons. In the case of optimizing placement of a single producer well, it is shown that it is not necessary to use the quality map to initialize the position of well placement. In other cases considered, it is shown that the QM + MPSO method outperforms MPSO method, and MPSO method outperforms SPSO and CP-PSO method. Taken in total, the modification of SPSO method is effective and the applicability of QM + MPSO for this challenging problem is promising 相似文献
12.
为高效快速去除水中全氟辛酸,选择工业废物煤化工渣对全氟辛酸进行吸附去除探究。采用不同的处理方法制备了4种煤化工渣（粒径从大到小为CGA1、CGA2、CGA3和CGA4）,研究其在水溶液中的全氟辛酸吸附性能。利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、拉曼光谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和X射线光电子能谱（XPS）对4种煤化工渣的结构特征进行表征分析,并考察了全氟辛酸初始质量浓度和初始pH对吸附进程的影响。实验结果表明：煤化工渣对全氟辛酸有高效的吸附能力,伪二级动力学模型和Langmuir等温模型可以较好地描述4种煤化工渣对全氟辛酸的吸附行为及过程,其中CGA4去除全氟辛酸的最大吸附量为25.51 mg/g;随着全氟辛酸溶液初始质量浓度升高,煤化工渣对全氟辛酸的吸附容量逐渐增加;初始pH对CGA3和CGA4的影响微弱,CGA1和CGA2在酸性条件下显示出更优越的吸附性能。由此得出,4种煤化工材料中粒径最小的CGA4具有最优的全氟辛酸去除能力且基本不受pH限制。FTIR分析表明,吸附过程中氢键的形成占主导地位,XPS和Zeta电位检测结果表明,物理吸附和静电吸附在去除过程中也发挥了重要作用。 相似文献
13.
Estimating aquifer recharge in Mission River watershed, Texas: model development and calibration using genetic algorithms 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Soil moisture balance studies provide a convenient approach to estimate aquifer recharge when only limited site-specific data
are available. A monthly mass-balance approach has been utilized in this study to estimate recharge in a small watershed in
the coastal bend of South Texas. The developed lumped parameter model employs four adjustable parameters to calibrate model
predicted stream runoff to observations at a gaging station. A new procedure was developed to correctly capture the intermittent
nature of rainfall. The total monthly rainfall was assigned to a single-equivalent storm whose duration was obtained via calibration.
A total of four calibrations were carried out using an evolutionary computing technique called genetic algorithms as well
as the conventional gradient descent (GD) technique. Ordinary least squares and the heteroscedastic maximum likelihood error
(HMLE) based objective functions were evaluated as part of this study as well. While the genetic algorithm based calibrations
were relatively better in capturing the peak runoff events, the GD based calibration did slightly better in capturing the
low flow events. Treating the Box-Cox exponent in the HMLE function as a calibration parameter did not yield better estimates
and the study corroborates the suggestion made in the literature of fixing this exponent at 0.3. The model outputs were compared
against available information and results indicate that the developed modeling approach provides a conservative estimate of
recharge. 相似文献
14.
Tanguang Gao Shichang Kang Peter Krause Lan Cuo Santoch Nepal 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2012,65(6):1651-1659
In this paper, the application of a fully distributed hydrological model J2000 with limited hydrological data was investigated
in an alpine small and glacierized catchment, the Qugaqie (55 km2 with 7.3% glacier area), in the central Tibetan Plateau (TP). The J2000 was examined to investigate the influence on model
performance, as well as on data, parameters and sensitivities. The model was calibrated with time series of discharge at the
basin outlet for the summers of 2006 and 2007 and validated for the summer of 2008 by examining multiple objective functions.
The model coefficients of determination were 0.62 and 0.91 for the calibration periods in 2006 and 2007, respectively, and
0.56 for the validation period in 2008. Simulated discharge was generally less than the observed values for the calibration
and validation periods. The sensitivity to alteration in meteorological parameter has revealed that a change in air temperature
would cause a dramatic increase of discharge in the Qugaqie catchment. Hypothetical climate scenario experiments showed that
the increase of air temperature by 1°C resulted in 14% increase in runoff, whereas 20% increase in precipitation caused 9%
increase in runoff but 12% reduction in glacier melt. 相似文献
15.
为了考虑预见期内降水预报的不确定性对洪水预报的影响,采用中国气象局、美国环境预测中心和欧洲中期天气预报中心的TIGGE(THORPEX Interactive Grand Global Ensemble)降水预报数据驱动GR4J水文模型,开展三峡入库洪水集合概率预报,分析比较BMA、Copula-BMA、EMOS、M-BMA 4种统计后处理方法的有效性。结果表明:4种统计后处理方法均能提供一个合理可靠的预报置信区间;其期望值预报精度相较于确定性预报有所提高,尤其是水量误差显著减小;M-BMA方法概率预报效果最佳,它能够考虑预报分布的异方差性,不需要进行正态变换,结构简单,应用灵活。 相似文献
16.
A modified ionospheric correction method and the corresponding approximate algorithm for spaceborne single-frequency Global Positioning System (GPS) users are proposed in this study. Single Layer Model (SLM) mapping function for spaceborne GPS was analyzed. SLM mapping functions at different altitudes were calculated. Ionospheric Pierce Point (IPP) trajectories of the dlft station (An IGS station located at the longitude of 4°23′15.22′′E and the latitude of 51°59′9.63′′N, in the TU Delft University, The Netherlands.) and the GRACE satellite were computed with the corresponding single layer height of 350 and 500 km, respectively. The Klobuchar model was used to compute ionospheric delays for the dlft station, and modified Klobuchar model, together with scale factors, was used to compute the fractional ionospheric corrections above the GRACE altitudes. Calculation results were validated using dual-frequency observations. The study shows that the single layer height needs to be changed from 350 to 500 km according to the altitude of GRACE. Approximate forms of Earth angle and slant factor developed for modified Klobuchar model are applicable to GRACE, with accuracy adequate to preserve the essential elements required to compute ionospheric delays. Results show that the Klobuchar model is effective for ground GPS, and the modified Klobuchar model corrects more than 80% on average of the ionospheric delays for spaceborne single-frequency GPS. 相似文献
17.
针对概念性水文模型参数众多、相互制约,且多目标参数优化率定最优参数求解困难、易受决策者主观因素影响的问题,采用多目标优化算法对水文模型参数进行率定,得到模型参数最优非劣解集,在此基础上,引入最小最大后悔值决策理论,并结合Pareto支配基本理论,提出了一种多目标最优非劣解选取准则。以柘溪流域为研究对象,采用三目标MOSCDE优化率定新安江模型的参数,并与单目标SCE-UA优化结果进行对比分析。结果表明,提出的非劣解选取方法可以有效从大规模非劣解集中筛选出最优非劣解,大大缩短参数率定耗时。 相似文献
18.
The applicability of using NARX neural network to forecast GRACE terrestrial water storage anomalies
Natural Hazards - The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite has proven adept at monitoring, characterizing, and predicting hydrological variables. This paper attempted to... 相似文献
19.
《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2019,351(7):477-486
The present work reports on the study and the comparison of the performance of three “Génie rural” (GR) and two Water Balance (WB) models. The calibration and robustness performances are analysed in the light of the hydro-climatic conditions. The study shows that the GR models are much more efficient and robust than the WB models. The behaviour of calibration performance as a function of hydroclimatic variables varies according to the model and goodness-of-fit criteria (GOFC). The GR models are more robust in terms of NSE(Q) and NSE(√Q) and the WB models in terms of KGE. For more robustness of the models, it is better to transfer the parameters to wetter periods or periods with a lower Potential EvapoTranspiration (PET) than the calibration period. For a loss of robustness of less than 20% for GR and 30% for WB, the variation between calibration and rain validation/PET periods must be around ±15%/±1.5%. 相似文献
20.
考虑径流成分的雅鲁藏布江月径流模拟 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过构建雅鲁藏布江流域分布式水文模型SWAT,并以1989~1998年为率定期,1999~2005年为验证期对3个水文站(奴各沙、羊村、奴下)的月径流进行了模拟。从模型参数组里选取径流成分模拟不同的2组参数,以Nash-Sutcliffe效率系数(NS)、相关系数(R~2)及相对误差(PBIAS)为评价指标,来分析模型的模拟结果好坏。结果表明:率定期内,在径流成分1下奴各沙、羊村站和奴下站的R~2值高达0.9以上,NS系数分别为0.9、0.92和0.72,PBIAS的值为7.1%、18.5%及34.2%,但径流成分与实际情况出入较大。而径流成分2下,模拟得到的评价指标虽然不是很高,但径流成分比较合理。验证期总体结论一致。因此,建议在模型率定验证中要充分考虑径流成分的作用,从而提高模型模拟的精度。 相似文献