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2007年夏季（6—8月）青海省气候特点是：全省气温偏高，大部分地区降水偏多，日照时数偏少。主要的天气气候事件是6月上旬东部农业区部分地区出现的干旱，8月下旬全省首次出现入夏以来大范围的高温天气，洪涝、冰雹、雷击等气象灾害以及强降水引发的山体滑坡、泥石流等次生灾害。 相似文献
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建立高原周边地区大气特种观测业务站网是发展中国天气、气候灾害综合监测和预警能力的重要环节。青藏高原观测作为上游天气敏感区的特种观测业务站网建设是高原及周边地区实施减灾、防灾,包括下游地区防洪预警洪涝,改进中国灾害预警系统,发展减灾和预测新技术,整体上提高中国天气气候预测水平的迫切需求。中日合作JICA项目全称为:“中日合作气象灾害研究计划”,该项目实施目标为在局地强对流、暴雨与大范围洪涝灾害性天气上游“强信号”区———“世界屋脊”青藏高原及周边区域,建立大气边界层及水分循环综合观测网,集成现代先进观测设备… 相似文献
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干旱遥感监测方法研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文对国内外学者在干旱遥感监测方面所做的工作进行了总结。根据选取资料的不同,将国外进行干旱遥感监测的情况归纳为5类,分别介绍了主要方法及其进展。同时,对国内开展干旱遥感监测的情况从空间尺度、时间尺度、监测手段、监测方法等4个方面进行了分析,并讨论了干旱遥感监测在实际应用中存在的问题。 相似文献
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Summary Numerous tethered balloon soundings which measured meteorological parameters and ozone concentration during the POLLUMET field experiments are investigated. They give indications of the influence of ozone conservation in the nocturnal residual layer (RL) on the development of the near surface ozone concentration of the next day. Mixing down from the RL to the surface is simulated by a simple model based on transilient turbulence theory, using measured profiles as initial values or model verification. The cases investigated show that the ozone mixed down from the RL contributes 50–70% to the maximum concentration near the surface on the following day, the rest coming from chemical production and possibly advection. Various features of exchange characteristics between the RL and the nocturnal boundary layer, (NBL) are described by the analysis of the soundings. It can be shown that the vertical exchange situation during the night can have a considerable influence on the ozone concentration of the following day. 相似文献
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2014年初冬湖北省一次大雾成因分析和数值模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用湖北省高速公路交通气象站观测数据及NCEP的1°×1°格点再分析资料,分析了2014年1月29—30日发生在湖北省内的大雾天气过程的气象要素变化特征及大雾形成机理,并利用优化参数化方案的数值模式对本次大雾过程进行了模拟。结果表明,大雾过程能见度基本与相对湿度变化趋势相反,气温与能见度变化趋势基本一致,风速都较之前有所下降。本次大雾是暖平流影响后,经夜间辐射冷却降温后形成,属平流辐射雾。利用WRF模式对本次大雾过程的模拟结果表明,除对海拔较高、受局地地形影响较大区域的模拟效果不理想外,模拟的大雾范围、强度、生消时间等与实况基本相符,可为以后大雾预报提供一定的参考。 相似文献
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冬季东亚副热带急流和温带急流协同变化与我国冷空气活动的关系 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6
利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和地面台站气温观测资料,分析了冬季东亚副热带急流（EASJ）和东亚温带急流（EAPJ）强度变化特征及其与我国境内冷空气活动的关系。以（45°N～60°N, 70°E～110°E）和（27.5°N～37.5°N,130°E～160°E）区域平均的300 hPa全风速分别表征冬季EAPJ和EASJ的强度,将两支急流的强度变化分为四种情况：EAPJ和EASJ同强（SS）、同弱（WW）、以及强弱（SW）、弱强（WS）。分析四种急流强度变化情形下中国境内冷空气活动强度、路径、持续时间以及源地的不同特征,发现当EAPJ和EASJ均强时,冷空气从内蒙古中东部入侵,主要影响华北、东北和东部沿海地区,强度较弱,持续时间短,冷空气源地位于新地岛以东的洋面及陆地上;当EAPJ和EASJ均弱时,冷空气从新疆北部入侵,影响我国大部分地区,强度强,持续时间长,冷空气源地位于巴尔喀什湖西部;当EAPJ强,EASJ弱时,冷空气从我国东北入侵,主要影响我国东北部,中国南部降温不明显,冷空气强度较强,持续时间短,冷空气源地位于中、西西伯利亚地带;当EAPJ弱,EASJ强时,冷空气从内蒙古中部入侵,进而影响华北和我国东部地区,但冷空气强度较弱,冷空气源地位于贝加尔湖的西侧。进一步分析急流强度四种变化情形下的环流特征发现,EAPJ、EASJ均弱时,西伯利亚高压偏强,阿留申低压偏弱,东亚大槽偏深,中国东部的偏北风强,而EAPJ弱、EASJ强时,尽管西伯利亚高压和阿留申低压偏强,东亚大槽偏深,但中国东部的偏北风并不是很强,而另两种情况时,西伯利亚高压较弱,东亚大槽也较弱,中国东部的偏北风偏弱。 相似文献
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S. H. Sajjad Babar Hussain M. Ahmed Khan Asif Raza B. Zaman Ijaz Ahmed 《Climatic change》2009,96(4):539-547
Karachi is the largest city of Pakistan. The temperature change in Karachi is studied in this research by analyzing the time
series data of mean maximum temperature (MMxT), mean minimum temperature (MMiT) and mean annual temperature (MAT) from 1947
to 2005 (59 years). Data is analyzed in three parts by running linear regression and by taking anomalies of all time periods:
(a) whole period from 1947–2005; (b) phase one 1947–1975 and (c) phase two 1976–2005. During 1947 to 2005 MMxT has increased
about 4.6°C, MMiT has no change and MAT has increased 2.25°C. During 1947–1975, MMxT increased 1.9°C, in this period there
is − 1.3°C decrease in MMiT and MAT has raised upto 0.3°C. During 1976–2005, the MMxT, MMiT and MAT increased 2.7°C, 1.2°C
and 1.95°C, respectively. The analysis shows significantly the role of extreme vulnerability of MMxT in rising the temperature
of Karachi than the MMiT. 相似文献
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THE EFFECTS OF THE ARCTIC SEA ICE ON THE VARIATIONS OF ATMOSPHERIC GENERAL CIRCULATION AND CLIMATE 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1 
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下载免费PDF全文 The SST anomaly of the central-eastern equatorial Pacific and the arctic sea ice anomalies of the four districts lo-cated respectively in 160°E—110°W,110°W—20°W,70°E—160°E and 20°W—70°E are taken as five separate factors.And the relationship between each factor and the atmospheric general circulation and the climate is investigated byobservational analysis and numerical experiments.It is shown that the effects of the arctic sea ice anomalies on the varia-tions of atmospheric circulation and climate are comparable to or even in some cases greater than that of EI Ninoevents.So one should pay much attention to the study of polar sea ice anomalies in climate research. 相似文献
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自动气象站一些故障的处理方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据在自动气象站的使用和维护工作中积累的经验,对其运行情况进行分析总结,阐述了自动气象站一些故障的判断,浅析这些故障的处理方法。 相似文献
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S. A. Hsu 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》1974,6(3-4):509-514
Wind and stability characteristics in the atmospheric surface boundary layer at a height,Z, less than 20 m above the sea were examined in nine oceanic investigations. The analysis lends further support to the utility of the log-linear wind-profile law in the stability region of –0.4Z/L0.9, whereL is the Monin-Obukhov length. However, it is also shown that, inasmuch as better than 90% of the measurements fall within the range of ¦Z/L¦ 0.25, and inasmuch as this correction to the drag coefficient under neutral conditions amounts to less than 10%, the familiar logarithmic wind law may be used rather than the log-linear form. A wind-stress drag coefficient,C
d
(=1.2×10–3 between 1.0 m Z 18.3 m), is thus recommended for general deepwater oceanic applications. The situation over shallow water, which is different, is discussed briefly. 相似文献