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1.
Seasonal transition of summer rainy season over indochina and adjacent monsoon region 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
Jun Matsumoto 《大气科学进展》1997,14(2):231-245
The mean onset and withdrawal of summer rainy season over the Indochina Peninsula were investigated using 5-day averaged rainfall data (1975-87). The mean seasonal transition process during onset and retreat phases in Indochina, India and the South China Sea is also examined using 5-day mean OLR (1975-87) and 850 hPa wind (1980-88) date. It was found that the onset of summer rainy season begins earlier in the inland region of Indochina (Thailand) in late April to early May than in the coastal region along the Bay of Bengal. This early onset of rainy sea-son is due to pre-monsoon rain under the mid-latitude westerly wind regime. The full summer monsoon circulation begins to establish in mid-May, causing active convective activity both over the west coast of Indochina and the cen-tral South China Sea. In case of withdrawal, the earliest retreat of summer rainy season is found in the central northern part of Indochina in late September. The wind field, on the other hand, already changes to easterlies in the northern South China Sea in early September. This easterly wind system covers the eastern part of Indochina where post-monsoon rain is still active. In late October, the wind field turns to winter time situation, but post monsoon rain still continues in the southern part of the Indochina Peninsula until late November 相似文献
2.
Seasonal Transition of Summer Rainy Season over Indochina and Adjacent Monsoon Region 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
Jun MatsumotoDepartment of Geography University of Tokyo -- Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan 《大气科学进展》1997,(2)
ＳｅａｓｏｎａｌＴｒａｎｓｉｔｉｏｎｏｆＳｕｍｍｅｒＲａｉｎｙＳｅａｓｏｎｏｖｅｒＩｎｄｏｃｈｉｎａａｎｄＡｄｊａｃｅｎｔＭｏｎｓｏｏｎＲｅｇｉｏｎＪｕｎＭａｔｓｕｍｏｔｏＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＧｅｏｇｒａｐｈｙ，ＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙｏｆＴｏｋｙｏ... 相似文献
3.
Summary In this study, we provide an observational synthesis of several aspects of MJO (Madden Julian Oscillation) and ISO (Intra
Seasonal Oscillation) waves and the manner in which they seem to affect the Asian summer monsoon variability. We examine a
number of features such as the passage of MJO waves around the globe from west to east, excitation of ISO waves over the equatorial
Indian Ocean, meridional propagation of ISO waves and the role of the local Hadley cell over the monsoon domain in its propagation.
The geographical distribution of the amplitude and phase speed of ISO waves over the Asian summer monsoon domain shows that
the ISO has prominent centers of action, with small scales of the order of a few 1000 km and that these features vary interannually
in amplitude and in their geographical locations. It was also seen that some of the interesting features of the WET and DRY
season rainfall distribution can be obtained by compositing the extremes of the amplitude oscillations of these ISO centers.
We also noted that the amplitudes of ISO waves generally decay as they propagate north but have an occasional built up in
their amplitudes when they seem to encounter and interact with heavy rain producing monsoon disturbances. The issue of these
low frequency modes and the modulation of monsoonal dry and wet spells are examined in the context of this broad scenario. 相似文献
4.
根据美国NOAA卫星观测得到的射出长波辐射资料(Outgoing Longwave Radiation,简称OLR)，分析了西藏高原及其附近地区各月的辐射气候特征，指出:高原冬、春季节OLR主要反映了高原下垫面温度的季节变化，高原夏季为雨季，OLR与降水之间存在较好的负相关。印度季风爆发前后的OLR演变特征反映出中、低纬大气环流调整对高原雨季形成及降水分布的影响。旱涝年OLR合成分析表明:高原夏季降水与赤道印度洋反Walker环流强弱、印度季风槽、副热带高压及西太平洋暖池区对流强度、位置变化有密切的关系。 相似文献
5.
The intraseasonal oscillation(ISO) of the South China Sea(SCS, 105-120°E, 5-20°N) convection and its influences on the genesis and track of the western North Pacific(WNP) tropical cyclones(TCs) were explored, based on the daily average of NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, the OLR data and the western North Pacific tropical cyclone best-track data from 1979 to 2008. The mechanism of the influences of ISO on TC movement and the corresponding large-scale circulation were discussed by a trajectory model. It was found as follows.(1) During the SCS summer monsoon, the SCS convection exhibits the ISO features with active phases alternating with inactive phases. The monsoon circulation patterns are significantly different during these two phases. When the SCS convection is active(inactive), the SCS-WNP monsoon trough stretches eastward(retreats westward) due to the activity(inactivity) of SCS monsoon, and the WNP subtropical high retreats eastward(stretches westward), which enhances(suppresses) the monsoon circulation.(2) The amount of TC genesis in the active phase is much more than that in the inactive phase. A majority of TCs form west of 135 °E during the active phases but east of 135 °E in the inactive phases.(3) The TCs entering the area west of 135 °E and south of 25 °N would move straight into the SCS in the active phase, or recurve northward in the inactive phase.(4) Simulation results show that the steering flow associated with the active(inactive)phases is in favor of straight-moving(recurving) TCs. Meanwhile, the impacts of the locations of TC genesis on the characteristics of TC track cannot be ignored. TCs that occurred father westward are more likely to move straight into the SCS region. 相似文献
6.
Recent gridded and historical data are used in order to assess the relationships between interannual variability of the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) and sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly patterns over the Indian and Pacific oceans. Interannual variability of ISM rainfall and dynamical indices for the traditional summer monsoon season (June–September) are strongly influenced by rainfall and circulation anomalies observed during August and September, or the late Indian summer monsoon (LISM). Anomalous monsoons are linked to well-defined LISM rainfall and large-scale circulation anomalies. The east-west Walker and local Hadley circulations fluctuate during the LISM of anomalous ISM years. LISM circulation is weakened and shifted eastward during weak ISM years. Therefore, we focus on the predictability of the LISM. Strong (weak) (L)ISMs are preceded by significant positive (negative) SST anomalies in the southeastern subtropical Indian Ocean, off Australia, during boreal winter. These SST anomalies are mainly linked to south Indian Ocean dipole events, studied by Besera and Yamagata (2001) and to the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon. These SST anomalies are highly persistent and affect the northwestward translation of the Mascarene High from austral to boreal summer. The southeastward (northwestward) shift of this subtropical high associated with cold (warm) SST anomalies off Australia causes a weakening (strengthening) of the whole monsoon circulation through a modulation of the local Hadley cell during the LISM. Furthermore, it is suggested that the Mascarene High interacts with the underlying SST anomalies through a positive dynamical feedback mechanism, maintaining its anomalous position during the LISM. Our results also explain why a strong ISM is preceded by a transition in boreal spring from an El Niño to a La Niña state in the Pacific and vice versa. An El Niño event and the associated warm SST anomalies over the southeastern Indian Ocean during boreal winter may play a key role in the development of a strong ISM by strengthening the local Hadley circulation during the LISM. On the other hand, a developing La Niña event in boreal spring and summer may also enhance the east–west Walker circulation and the monsoon as demonstrated in many previous studies. 相似文献
7.
Variation of soil moisture during active and weak phases of summer monsoon JJAS (June, July, August, and September) is very important for sustenance of the crop and subsequent crop yield. As in situ observations of soil moisture are few or not available, researchers use data derived from remote sensing satellites or global reanalysis. This study documents the intercomparison of soil moisture from remotely sensed and reanalyses during dry spells within monsoon seasons in central India and central Myanmar. Soil moisture data from the European Space Agency (ESA)—Climate Change Initiative (CCI) has been treated as observed data and was compared against soil moisture data from the ECMWF reanalysis-Interim (ERA-I) and the climate forecast system reanalysis (CFSR) for the period of 2002–2011. The ESA soil moisture correlates rather well with observed gridded rainfall. The ESA data indicates that soil moisture increases over India from west to east and from north to south during monsoon season. The ERA-I overestimates the soil moisture over India, while the CFSR soil moisture agrees well with the remotely sensed observation (ESA). Over Myanmar, both the reanalysis overestimate soil moisture values and the ERA-I soil moisture does not show much variability from year to year. Day-to-day variations of soil moisture in central India and central Myanmar during weak monsoon conditions indicate that, because of the rainfall deficiency, the observed (ESA) and the CFSR soil moisture values are reduced up to 0.1 m3/m3 compared to climatological values of more than 0.35 m3/m3. This reduction is not seen in the ERA-I data. Therefore, soil moisture from the CFSR is closer to the ESA observed soil moisture than that from the ERA-I during weak phases of monsoon in the study region.
相似文献8.
The regional influence of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) on South America is described. Maps of probability of weekly-averaged rainfall exceeding the upper tercile were computed for all seasons and related statistically with the phase of the MJO as characterized by the Wheeler–Hendon real-time multivariate MJO (RMM) index and with the OLR MJO Index. The accompanying surface air temperature and circulation anomalies were also calculated. The influence of the MJO on regional scales along with their marked seasonal variations was documented. During December–February when the South American monsoon system is active, chances of enhanced rainfall are observed in southeastern South America (SESA) region mainly during RMM phases 3 and 4, accompanied by cold anomalies in the extratropics, while enhanced rainfall in the South Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ) region is observed in phases 8 and 1. The SESA (SACZ) signal is characterized by upper-level convergence (divergence) over tropical South America and a cyclonic (anticyclonic) anomaly near the southern tip of the continent. Impacts during March–May are similar, but attenuated in the extratropics. Conversely, in June–November, reduced rainfall and cold anomalies are observed near the coast of the SACZ region during phases 4 and 5, favored by upper-level convergence over tropical South America and an anticyclonic anomaly over southern South America. In September–November, enhanced rainfall and upper-level divergence are observed in the SACZ region during phases 7 and 8. These signals are generated primarily through the propagation of Rossby wave energy generated in the region of anomalous heating associated with the MJO. 相似文献
9.
Sayang Mohd Deni Jamaludin Suhaila Wan Zawiah Wan Zin Abdul Aziz Jemain 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2010,99(3-4):357-371
This study aims to trace changes in the dry spells over Peninsular Malaysia based on the daily rainfall data from 36 selected rainfall stations which include four subregions, namely northwest, west, southwest, and east for the periods of 1975 to 2004. Six dry spell indices comprising of the main characteristics of dry spells, the persistency of dry events, and the frequency of the short and long duration of dry spells will be used to identify whether or not these indices have increased or decreased over Peninsular Malaysia during the monsoon seasons. The findings of this study indicate that the northwestern areas of the Peninsular could be considered as the driest area since almost all the indices of dry spells over these areas are higher than in the other regions during the northeast (NE) monsoon. Based on the individual and the field significant trends, the results of the Mann–Kendall test indicate that as the total number of dry days, the maximum duration, the mean, and the persistency of dry days are decreased, the trend of the frequency of long dry spells of at least 4 days is also found to decrease in almost all the stations over the Peninsula; however, an increasing trend is observed in the frequency of short spells in these stations during the NE monsoon season. On the other hand, during the southwest monsoon, a positive trend is observed in the characteristics of dry spells including the persistency of two dry days in many stations over the Peninsula. The frequency of longer dry periods exhibits a decreasing trend in most stations over the western areas during both monsoon seasons for the periods of 1975 to 2004. 相似文献
10.
西北太平洋副热带高压（以下简称副高）是影响中国气候的大尺度环流系统,研究次季节尺度副高东西变动对西南地区降水的影响具有十分重要的意义。本文首先根据副高东西变动的关键区位置分别定义了前夏和后夏副高东西变动指数,指数具有显著的10～30天次季节周期,能够很好表征副高次季节东西变动的特征。根据指数的标准化值,共选取前夏和后夏东西事件195次（1374天）。进一步对东西事件的分析表明次季节尺度上副高东西变动与西南地区降水有十分密切的联系,在副高偏西（东）事件中,副高经历了由东→西→东（西→东→西）逐渐变化的过程,相应西南大部分地区的降水经历了逐渐由少→多→少（多→少→多）的演变,次季节尺度上西南地区降水对副高变化的响应与副高东西变动过程中副高北侧及副高主体区域的水汽和气流的垂直变化有很大的关系。另外,分析发现对于西南地区而言,受副高次季节东西变动的影响,贵州和重庆地区降水变化的一致性比较好,而云南和四川地区降水变化的区域差异较大,尤其是云南。前夏,在副高东西变动过程中云南大部分地区的降水呈现出与西南大部分地区,尤其与贵州和重庆地区的降水变化完全相反的特征,即副高偏西（东）事件中,云南大部分地区的降水偏少（多）,西南其它大部地区降水偏多（少）;后夏,除云南中北部地区,西南大部分地区的降水变化基本一致。 相似文献
11.
Variations of the summer Somali and Australia cross-equatorial flows and the implications for the Asian summer monsoon 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
The temporal variations during 1948-2010 and vertical structures of the summer Somali and Australia cross-equatorial flows(CEFs) and the implications for the Asian summer monsoon were explored in this study.The strongest southerly and northerly CEFs exist at 925 hPa and 150 hPa level,respectively.The low-level Somali(LLS) CEFs were significantly connected with the rainfall in most regions of India(especially the monsoon regions),except in a small area in southwest India.In comparison to the climatology,the lowlevel Australia(LLA) CEFs exhibited stronger variations at interannual time scale and are more closely connected to the East Asian summer monsoon circulation than to the LLS CEFs.The East Asian summer monsoon circulation anomalies related to stronger LLA CEFs were associated with less water vapor content and less rainfall in the region between the middle Yellow River and Yangtze River and with more water vapor and more rainfall in southern China.The sea-surface temperature anomalies east of Australia related to summer LLA CEFs emerge in spring and persist into summer,with implications for the seasonal prediction of summer rainfall in East Asia.The connection between the LLA CEFs and East Asian summer monsoon rainfall may be partly due to its linkage with El Nino-Southern Oscillation.In addition,both the LLA and LLS CEFs exhibited interdecadal shifts in the late 1970s and the late 1990s,consistent with the phase shifts of Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO). 相似文献
12.
The Asian summer monsoon: an intercomparison of CMIP5 vs. CMIP3 simulations of the late 20th century 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
K. R. Sperber H. Annamalai I.-S. Kang A. Kitoh A. Moise A. Turner B. Wang T. Zhou 《Climate Dynamics》2013,41(9-10):2711-2744
The boreal summer Asian monsoon has been evaluated in 25 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project-5 (CMIP5) and 22 CMIP3 GCM simulations of the late twentieth Century. Diagnostics and skill metrics have been calculated to assess the time-mean, climatological annual cycle, interannual variability, and intraseasonal variability. Progress has been made in modeling these aspects of the monsoon, though there is no single model that best represents all of these aspects of the monsoon. The CMIP5 multi-model mean (MMM) is more skillful than the CMIP3 MMM for all diagnostics in terms of the skill of simulating pattern correlations with respect to observations. Additionally, for rainfall/convection the MMM outperforms the individual models for the time mean, the interannual variability of the East Asian monsoon, and intraseasonal variability. The pattern correlation of the time (pentad) of monsoon peak and withdrawal is better simulated than that of monsoon onset. The onset of the monsoon over India is typically too late in the models. The extension of the monsoon over eastern China, Korea, and Japan is underestimated, while it is overestimated over the subtropical western/central Pacific Ocean. The anti-correlation between anomalies of all-India rainfall and Niño3.4 sea surface temperature is overly strong in CMIP3 and typically too weak in CMIP5. For both the ENSO-monsoon teleconnection and the East Asian zonal wind-rainfall teleconnection, the MMM interannual rainfall anomalies are weak compared to observations. Though simulation of intraseasonal variability remains problematic, several models show improved skill at representing the northward propagation of convection and the development of the tilted band of convection that extends from India to the equatorial west Pacific. The MMM also well represents the space–time evolution of intraseasonal outgoing longwave radiation anomalies. Caution is necessary when using GPCP and CMAP rainfall to validate (1) the time-mean rainfall, as there are systematic differences over ocean and land between these two data sets, and (2) the timing of monsoon withdrawal over India, where the smooth southward progression seen in India Meteorological Department data is better realized in CMAP data compared to GPCP data. 相似文献
13.
For central India and its west coast, rainfall in the early (15 May–20 June) and late (15 September–20 October) monsoon season correlates with Pacific Ocean sea-surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the preceding month (April and August, respectively) sufficiently well, that those SST anomalies can be used to predict such rainfall. The patterns of SST anomalies that correlate best include the equatorial region near the dateline, and for the early monsoon season (especially since ~1980), a band of opposite correlation stretching from near the equator at 120°E to ~25°N at the dateline. Such correlations for both early and late monsoon rainfall and for both regions approach, if not exceed, 0.5. Although correlations between All India Summer Monsoon Rainfall and typical indices for the El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) commonly are stronger for the period before than since 1980, these correlations with early and late monsoon seasons suggest that ENSO continues to affect the monsoon in these seasons. We exploit these patterns to assess predictability, and we find that SSTs averages in specified regions of the Pacific Ocean in April (August) offer predictors that can forecast rainfall amounts in the early (late) monsoon season period with a ~25% improvement in skill relative to climatology. The same predictors offer somewhat less skill (~20% better than climatology) for predicting the number of days in these periods with rainfall greater than 2.5?mm. These results demonstrate that although the correlation of ENSO indices with All India Rainfall has decreased during the past few decades, the connections with ENSO in the early and late parts have not declined; that for the early monsoon season, in fact, has grown stronger in recent decades. 相似文献
14.
Sandipan Mukherjee Srabanti Ballav Sandeep Soni Kireet Kumar Utpal Kumar De 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2016,125(3-4):489-498
This study investigates the altitudinal variation of dominant modes of summer monsoon intra-seasonal oscillation (ISO) over the Northwest (NWH) and Eastern Himalayan (EH) region using (i) spatially scattered 133 number of station rainfall observations and (ii) latitudinal transect-wise (LT) rainfall variation, obtained from an observed interpolated gridded rainfall data for the period 1995–2004. The altitudinal variation of dominant modes of monsoon ISO were investigated by exploring the strong and weak phases of the principal components of 10–90 days bandpass rainfall data of June to September with respect to location specific station height. Investigation of frequency of days for light and moderate rainfall along with the occurrence of total seasonal rainy days has revealed existence of a rainfall maximum around 2100 m height for the NWH region. Similarly, the total seasonal rainy days of EH region was found to have maxima between 1100 and 1400 m height. Analyses of the spatially scattered station rainfall observation for the NWH region showed that the strong periods of ISO modes exist around 747.9 (±131.7) m and 2227.2 (±100.2) m heights. Over the EH region, the dominant modes of the monsoon ISO were found to be centred around 1200 m. Significant alterations of strong and weak phases of monsoon ISO as a response to altitudinal variation in the mountain surface were observed when latitudinal transect-wise variation of monsoon ISO modes were investigated. 相似文献
15.
利用1958—2004年NCEP/NCAR逐日再分析资料和我国730站降水资料分析了南海夏季风爆发后影响到华南地区的时间差异及其环流变化特征。结果表明:南海夏季风向北推进影响到华南地区的时间存在明显差异，最早的可以1 d就推进影响到华南地区，最晚的却要42 d，并且这种变化具有明显的年代际变化特征，即20世纪70年末以前，南海夏季风影响到华南地区的时间总体上要偏早，而70年代末以后，南海夏季风影响到华南地区的时间总体上要偏晚；当南海夏季风建立后，若东亚大槽较深，冷空气活动较活跃，索马里越赤道气流形成的西南风、110°~120°E地区越赤道气流形成的偏南风以及副热带高压西侧边缘的偏南风均偏弱，南亚高压和东亚地区急流位置偏南，就会使得南海夏季风影响到华南地区的时间偏晚，反之，则偏早；南海夏季风推进影响到华南地区的时间偏晚（早）年期间，索马里、105°E和130°E越赤道气流输送的水汽通量和西太平洋副热带高压南部的东南气流水汽输送均较弱（强），华南地区前汛期的锋面降水较强（弱）。 相似文献
16.
High-resolution satellite-derived data and NCEP-NCAR reanalysis data are used to investigate intraseasonal oscillations （ISO） over the tropical Indian Ocean.A composite evolution of the ISO life cycle is constructed,including the initiation,development,and propagation of rainfall anomalies over the tropical Indian Ocean.The characteristics of ISO over the tropical Indian Ocean are profoundly different before and after the onset of the Indian summer monsoon.Positive precipitation anomalies before monsoon onset appear one phase earlier than those after monsoon onset.Before monsoon onset,precipitation anomalies associated with ISO first initiate in the western tropical Indian Ocean and then propagate eastward along the equator.After monsoon onset,convective anomalies propagate northward over the Indian summer monsoon region after an initial eastward propagation over the equatorial Indian Ocean.Surface wind convergence and air-sea interaction play critical roles in initiating each new cycle of ISO convection. 相似文献
17.
Summary Monthly rainfall data for 135 stations for periods varying from 25 to 125 years are utilised to investigate the rainfall
climatology over the southeast Asian monsoon regime. Monthly rainfall patterns for the regions north of equator show that
maximum rainfall along the west coasts occurs during the summer monsoon period, while the maximum along the east coasts is
observed during the northeast monsoon period. Over the Indonesian region (south of the equator) maximum rainfall is observed
west of 125 °E during northern winter and east of 125 °E during northern summer.
The spatial relationships of the seasonal rainfall (June to September) with the large scale parameters – the Subtropical Ridge
(STR) position over the Indian and the west Pacific regions, the Darwin Pressure Tendency (DPT) and the Northern Hemisphere
Surface Temperature (NHST) – reveal that within the Asian monsoon regime, not only are there any regions which are in-phase
with Indian monsoon rainfall, but there are also regions which are out-of-phase. The spatial patterns of correlation coefficients
with all the parameters are similar, with in-phase relationships occurring over the Indian region, some inland regions of
Thailand, central parts of Brunei and the Indonesian region lying between 120° to 140 °E. However, northwest Philippines and
some southern parts of Kampuchea and Vietnam show an out-of-phase relationship. Even the first Empirical Orthogonal Function
of seasonal rainfall shows similar spatial configuration, suggesting that the spatial correlation patterns depict the most
dominant mode of interannual rainfall variability. The influence of STR and DPT (NHST) penetrates (does not penetrate) upto
the equatorial regions. Possible dynamic causes leading to the observed correlation structure are also discussed.
Received October 10, 1996 Revised February 25, 1997 相似文献
18.
Cross-season relation of the South China Sea precipitation variability between winter and summer 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
The present study reveals cross-season connections of rainfall variability in the South China Sea (SCS) region between winter and summer. Rainfall anomalies over northern South China Sea in boreal summer tend to be preceded by the same sign rainfall anomalies over southern South China Sea in boreal winter (denoted as in-phase relation) and succeeded by opposite sign rainfall anomalies over southern South China Sea in the following winter (denoted as out-of-phase relation). Analysis shows that the in-phase relation from winter to summer occurs more often in El Niño/La Niña decaying years and the out-of-phase relation from summer to winter appears more frequently in El Niño/La Niña developing years. In the summer during the El Niño/La Niña decaying years, cold/warm and warm/cold sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies develop in tropical central North Pacific and the North Indian Ocean, respectively, forming an east–west contrast pattern. The in-phase relation is associated with the influence of anomalous heating/cooling over the equatorial central Pacific during the mature phase of El Niño/La Niña events that suppresses/enhances precipitation over southern South China Sea and the impact of the above east–west SST anomaly pattern that reduces/increases precipitation over northern South China Sea during the following summer. The impact of the east–west contrast SST anomaly pattern is confirmed by numerical experiments with specified SST anomalies. In the El Niño/La Niña developing years, regional air-sea interactions induce cold/warm SST anomalies in the equatorial western North Pacific. The out-of-phase relation is associated with a Rossby wave type response to anomalous heating/cooling over the equatorial central Pacific during summer and the combined effect of warm/cold SST anomalies in the equatorial central Pacific and cold/warm SST anomalies in the western North Pacific during the mature phase of El Niño/La Niña events. 相似文献
19.
该文利用美国NOAA卫星1991年（及1980和1985年）雨季候平均OLR资料及常规天气观测资料，对1991年江淮洪涝梅雨的OLR场特征进行分析。分析了1991梅雨期的OLR及其距平场以及季内变化（ISV）的经、纬向传播特征；揭示了ITCZ与副热带高压的变化与梅雨的关系以及青藏高原OLR的异常与梅雨的关系；指出西太平洋ITCZ的提前出现以及青藏高原冬季OLR的正距平（积雪少）是1991年洪涝梅雨提前发生的先兆。最后分析了1991年梅雨活跃期与中断期的OLR分布特征，并与印度季风雨相比较，发现两者开始日期 相似文献
20.
利用NCEP(National Centers for Environmental Prediction)/NCAR(National Center for Atmospheric Research)再分析资料, 首先讨论了南亚高压在中南半岛上空建立日期的定义标准及其建立过程。结果表明, 南亚高压在中南半岛上空建立的日期平均为4月29日;合成的南亚高压建立前后的大气环流和非绝热加热的演变揭示出南亚高压建立始于菲律宾东南洋面上的反气旋环流分裂后, 西中心在中南半岛上空建立加强形成南亚高压, 该建立过程与中南半岛非绝热加热作用密切相关。在此基础上结合NOAA(National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration)的对外长波辐射(OLR)资料分析了南亚高压在中南半岛上空的建立与亚洲夏季风建立的关系。结果表明, 中南半岛夏季风建立和南亚高压在半岛上空建立几乎同时发生;南亚高压在中南半岛建立几天后, 东孟加拉湾夏季风开始建立;南亚高压建立大约20天后, 南海和菲律宾夏季风开始建立;大约一个月后, 西孟加拉湾、印度半岛和东阿拉伯海的夏季风建立。南亚高压在中南半岛上空的建立可视为亚洲夏季风建立的开始, 其对亚洲夏季风爆发有很好的指示意义。 相似文献