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本文首先概述了VLBI、SLR数据的特点,给出了建立地球参考框架的模型;通过对模型中参数的协方差分析,得出了利用10～15个良好分布且具有高精度站坐标的VLBI站就可建立和维持精度为苦干厘米的我国最佳地球参考框架的结论;最后,提出了利用VLBI站和国内现有SLR固定站的并置观测建立我国VLBI/SLR地球参考框架的这一途径,并对此框架的作用进行了探讨。 相似文献
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全球IGS站数据与GPS区域网数据的联合处理 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为了使区域GPS网建立的参考框架与国际地球参考框架（ITRF）更加接近,利用全球IGS站观测数据无疑是一条最佳途径。本文对处理大尺度GPS网数据时如何利用全球分布均匀的IGS站观测数据以及如何选择全球基准站的问题进行了研究。给出了利用全球IGS站数据的数学模型,分析了国内专家选择基准站时存在的一些问题,提出了选择基准站的新方法,这一方法适合于建立我国新的地心参考框架。实测数据计算结果表明,这种方法计算的未知站地心坐标精度相对于ITRF96参考框架约±2 cm。 相似文献
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我国自行研制的第一套流动VLBI系统--DCW-01型流动VLBI测量仪,目前已在国家重大科学工程"中国地壳运动观测网络"中投入使用.在流动VLBI的观测试验中,天线系统噪声温度和天线效率是观测前系统调试和检测的两项重要内容.天线系统噪声温度是衡量流动VLBI观测系统内部噪声程度的特性指标;天线效率反映了天线系统对到达天线能量的利用率,在很多计算公式中是一个很重要的参数.因此,精确地测量它们的值是进行相关处理和计算的前提.文中结合我国流动VLBI观测站的研制与建设,介绍了流动VLBI测量仪的天线及接收机系统,并详细阐述了其天线系统噪声温度和天线效率的测量. 相似文献
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本文首先探讨了影响流动VLBI系统性能及观测和解算精度的各种因素,提出了建立我国流动VLBI系统的一组参数指标;作为一个应用,探讨了用流动VLBI技术建立特级大地网对可能布设的全国GPS网的定向、尺度和定位控制与改善的情况。 相似文献
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为了解ITRF2008框架下VLBI和GPS两种空间技术确定地心坐标的真正实现精度,在并置站上对VLBI和GPS两种空间技术测定的地心坐标进行了比较,经过偏心改正和七参数转换之后,得到两种空间技术地心坐标不符值的加权中误差,其可以认为是这两种空间技术的真正实现精度,经比较分析这两种地心坐标三个坐标轴方向分量的外符精度都在10mm之内,说明VLBI和GPS确定的地心坐标精度已达到毫米级。 相似文献
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对我国自行研制的流动VLBI首次长距离观测数据进行处理 ,得到了初步结果 ,并对流动VLBI今后的观测提出了一些建议。 相似文献
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本文介绍了流动VLBI终端系统的技术改造与升级情况以及MK5A数据系统的构成与工作原理，论述了实现BBC系统本振步长、BBC滤波器带宽和带宽增益补偿以及流动VLBI数据系统等方面的技术改造与升级的原理和方法，最后介绍了应用结果。 相似文献
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L. Plank J. E. J. Lovell J. N. McCallum D. Mayer C. Reynolds J. Quick S. Weston O. Titov S. S. Shabala J. Böhm T. Natusch M. Nickola S. Gulyaev 《Journal of Geodesy》2017,91(7):803-817
The AUSTRAL observing program was started in 2011, performing geodetic and astrometric very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) sessions using the new Australian AuScope VLBI antennas at Hobart, Katherine, and Yarragadee, with contribution from the Warkworth (New Zealand) 12 m and Hartebeesthoek (South Africa) 15 m antennas to make a southern hemisphere array of telescopes with similar design and capability. Designed in the style of the next-generation VLBI system, these small and fast antennas allow for a new way of observing, comprising higher data rates and more observations than the standard observing sessions coordinated by the International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry (IVS). In this contribution, the continuous development of the AUSTRAL sessions is described, leading to an improvement of the results in terms of baseline length repeatabilities by a factor of two since the start of this program. The focus is on the scheduling strategy and increased number of observations, aspects of automated operation, and data logistics, as well as results of the 151 AUSTRAL sessions performed so far. The high number of the AUSTRAL sessions makes them an important contributor to VLBI end-products, such as the terrestrial and celestial reference frames and Earth orientation parameters. We compare AUSTRAL results with other IVS sessions and discuss their suitability for the determination of baselines, station coordinates, source coordinates, and Earth orientation parameters. 相似文献
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D. S. MacMillan 《Journal of Geodesy》2017,91(7):819-829
Continuous (CONT) VLBI campaigns have been carried out about every 3 years since 2002. The basic idea of these campaigns is to acquire state-of-the-art VLBI data over a continuous time period of about 2 weeks to demonstrate the highest accuracy of which the current VLBI system is capable. In addition, these campaigns support scientific studies such as investigations of high-resolution Earth rotation, reference frame stability, and daily to sub-daily site motions. The size of the CONT networks and the observing data rate have increased steadily since 1994. Performance of these networks based on reference frame scale precision and polar motion/LOD comparison with global navigation satellite system (GNSS) earth orientation parameters (EOP) has been substantially better than the weekly operational R1 and R4 series. The precisions of CONT EOP and scale have improved by more than a factor of two since 2002. Polar motion precision based on the WRMS difference between VLBI and GNSS for the most recent CONT campaigns is at the 30 \(\upmu \)as level, which is comparable to that of GNSS. The CONT campaigns are a natural precursor to the planned future VLBI observing networks, which are expected to observe continuously. We compare the performance of the most recent CONT campaigns in 2011 and 2014 with the expected performance of the future VLBI global observing system network using simulations. These simulations indicate that the expected future precision of scale and EOP will be at least 3 times better than the current CONT precision. 相似文献
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New VLBI2010 scheduling strategies and implications on the terrestrial reference frames 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Jing Sun Johannes Böhm Tobias Nilsson Hana Krásná Sigrid Böhm Harald Schuh 《Journal of Geodesy》2014,88(5):449-461
In connection with the work for the next generation VLBI2010 Global Observing System (VGOS) of the International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry, a new scheduling package (Vie_Sched) has been developed at the Vienna University of Technology as a part of the Vienna VLBI Software. In addition to the classical station-based approach it is equipped with a new scheduling strategy based on the radio sources to be observed. We introduce different configurations of source-based scheduling options and investigate the implications on present and future VLBI2010 geodetic schedules. By comparison to existing VLBI schedules of the continuous campaign CONT11, we find that the source-based approach with two sources has a performance similar to the station-based approach in terms of number of observations, sky coverage, and geodetic parameters. For an artificial 16 station VLBI2010 network, the source-based approach with four sources provides an improved distribution of source observations on the celestial sphere. Monte Carlo simulations yield slightly better repeatabilities of station coordinates with the source-based approach with two sources or four sources than the classical strategy. The new VLBI scheduling software with its alternative scheduling strategy offers a promising option with respect to applications of the VGOS. 相似文献
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In recent years, ocean tide loading displacements (OTLD) have been measured using the Global Positioning System (GPS) and
Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI). This study assesses the accuracy of GPS measurements of OTLD by comparison with
VLBI measurements and estimates derived from numerical ocean tide models. A daily precise point positioning (PPP) analysis
was carried out on ∼11 years of GPS data for each of 25 sites that have previous OTLD estimates based on data from co-located
VLBI sites. Ambiguities were fixed to integer values where possible. The resulting daily estimates of OTLD, at eight principal
diurnal and semi-diurnal tidal frequencies, were combined to give GPS measurements of OTLD at each site. The 3D GPS and VLBI
measurements of OTLD were compared with estimates computed (by convolution with Green’s functions) from five modern ocean
tide models (CSR4.0, FES2004, GOT00.2, NAO99b and TPXO6.2). The GPS/model agreement is shown to be similar to the VLBI/model
agreement. In the important radial direction, the GPS/model misfit is shown to be smaller than the VLBI/model misfit for seven
of the eight tidal constituents; the exception being the K2 constituent. Fixing of GPS carrier-phase ambiguities to integer
values resulted in a marginal improvement to the GPS/model agreement. Statistically, it is shown there is no significance
to the difference between the fit of the GPS and VLBI measurements of OTLD to modelled values. Equally, differences in fit
of either the complete set of GPS or VLBI estimates to the five sets of model-derived values cannot be identified with statistical
significance. It is thus concluded that, overall, we cannot distinguish between GPS and VLBI measurements of OTLD, and that
at the global scale, present ocean tide models are accurate to within the current measurement noise of these techniques. 相似文献
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Peter F. MacDoran 《Journal of Geodesy》1979,53(2):117-138
The satellites of the Global Positioning System (GPS) offer an important new geodetic resource making possible a highly accurate
portable radio geodetic system. A concept called SERIES (Satellite Emission Radio Interferometric Earth Surveying) makes use
of GPS radio transmissions without any satellite modifications. By employing the technique of very long baseline interferometry
(VLBI) and its calibration methods, 0.5 to 3 cm three dimensional baseline accuracy can be achieved over distances of 2 to
200 km respectively, with only 2 hours of on-site data acquisition. The use of quasar referenced ARIES Mobile VLBI to establish
a sparse fundamental control grid will provide a basis for making SERIES GPS measurements traceable to the time-invariant
quasar directions. Using four SERIES stations deployed at previously established ARIES sites, allows the GPS satellite apparent
positions to be determined. These apparent positions then serve as calibrations for other SERIES stations at unknown locations
to determine their positions in a manner traceable to the quasars. Because this proposed radio interferometric configuration
accomplishes its signal detection by cross-correlation, there is no dependence upon knowledge of the GPS transmitted waveforms
which might be encrypted. Since GPS radio signal strengths are 105 stronger than quasar signals, a great reduction in telecommunications sophistication is possible which will result in an
order of magnitude less cost for a SERIES GPS station compared to a quasar based mobile VLBI system. The virtually all-weather
capability of SERIES offers cost-effective geodetic monitoring with applications to crustal dynamics and earthquake research. 相似文献
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Missing or incorrect consideration of azimuthal asymmetry of troposphere delays is a considerable error source in space geodetic techniques such as Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) or Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI). So-called horizontal troposphere gradients are generally utilized for modeling such azimuthal variations and are particularly required for observations at low elevation angles. Apart from estimating the gradients within the data analysis, which has become common practice in space geodetic techniques, there is also the possibility to determine the gradients beforehand from different data sources than the actual observations. Using ray-tracing through Numerical Weather Models (NWMs), we determined discrete gradient values referred to as GRAD for VLBI observations, based on the standard gradient model by Chen and Herring (J Geophys Res 102(B9):20489–20502, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1029/97JB01739) and also for new, higher-order gradient models. These gradients are produced on the same data basis as the Vienna Mapping Functions 3 (VMF3) (Landskron and Böhm in J Geod, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-017-1066-2), so they can also be regarded as the VMF3 gradients as they are fully consistent with each other. From VLBI analyses of the Vienna VLBI and Satellite Software (VieVS), it becomes evident that baseline length repeatabilities (BLRs) are improved on average by 5% when using a priori gradients GRAD instead of estimating the gradients. The reason for this improvement is that the gradient estimation yields poor results for VLBI sessions with a small number of observations, while the GRAD a priori gradients are unaffected from this. We also developed a new empirical gradient model applicable for any time and location on Earth, which is included in the Global Pressure and Temperature 3 (GPT3) model. Although being able to describe only the systematic component of azimuthal asymmetry and no short-term variations at all, even these empirical a priori gradients slightly reduce (improve) the BLRs with respect to the estimation of gradients. In general, this paper addresses that a priori horizontal gradients are actually more important for VLBI analysis than previously assumed, as particularly the discrete model GRAD as well as the empirical model GPT3 are indeed able to refine and improve the results. 相似文献
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We perform extensive simulations in order to assess the accuracy with which the position of a radio transmitter on the surface of the Moon can be determined by geodetic VLBI. We study how the quality and quantity of geodetic VLBI observations influence these position estimates and investigate how observations of such near-field objects affect classical geodetic parameters like VLBI station coordinates and Earth rotation parameters. Our studies are based on today’s global geodetic VLBI schedules as well as on those designed for the next-generation geodetic VLBI system. We use Monte Carlo simulations including realistic stochastic models of troposphere, station clocks, and observational noise. Our results indicate that it is possible to position a radio transmitter on the Moon using today’s geodetic VLBI with a two-dimensional horizontal accuracy of better than one meter. Moreover, we show that the next-generation geodetic VLBI has the potential to improve the two-dimensional accuracy to better than 5 cm. Thus, our results lay the base for novel observing concepts to improve both lunar research and geodetic VLBI. 相似文献
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近年各国已纷纷制定测月计划,采用何种技术对月球进行定位,变得尤为重要。本文通过对VLBI技术特点进行分析,VLBI是目前大地测量中精度最高的技术手段,但只适用于深空探测,因为深空射电信号到达地面时,可看作平行信号。本文针对VLBI技术特点及数学模型,对存在不可忽略视差的VLBI测月模型,通过级数展开,解决月面射电信号到达地球时的视差问题,并顾及地球自转得出最终数学模型,通过站间一次差分消除钟差等影响,得出VLBI对近轨天体(月球)表面射电源定位的数学模型。 相似文献