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1.
福建及台湾海峡地震预警工程架构探索   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
福建及台湾海峡是海陆板块碰撞到板内地震活动过渡带 ,东侧毗邻台湾板缘地震带 ,西侧为福建内陆板内地震活动区。这是得天独厚的观测研究大陆边缘地震构造带强震活动及板块动力学的良好地域。当前 ,我国进入全面建设小康社会历史时期 ,为防御地震造成社会灾害 ,实现以人为本 ,防患于未然 ,势必需要建构一个实用化的地震预警工程及其机制。本文即是在对福建及台湾海峡近 30多年以来观测研究的基础上 ,提出应用现代空间技术、数字地震、计算机网络等技术架构地震预警工程与机制的一种设想。  相似文献   

2.
 2011 年3 月11 日日本东北地区太平洋海域发生Mw 9.0 级地震。日本海沟板块俯冲速率高,地震活动性强,因此研究 程度高,到目前为止已获得了覆盖日本海沟弧前区域的地震波剖面数据。本文利用8 条岩石圈结构剖面建立了日本海沟的 三维岩石圈结构模型。日本海沟岛弧地壳由上到下包含5 层:古近系-新近系-第四系海相沉积岩、白垩系海相沉积岩、 岛弧上地壳俯冲杂岩、岛弧下地壳和地幔楔;日本海沟北部还存在中地壳;洋壳是一个双层构造,上层为熔岩和席状岩墙群, 下层为堆晶辉长岩;陆壳和洋壳之间存在一个低速的板间层。本文在三维模型基础上讨论了俯冲板块的弯曲点和弯曲轴等 几何学特征,分析了日本海沟俯冲带的历史地震和日本东北Mw 9.0 级地震主震和余震的震源分布,日本东北地区的地震活 动与太平洋板块向日本岛弧下方的俯冲活动关系密切。  相似文献   

3.
初论环准噶尔斑岩铜矿带的地质构造背景与形成机制   总被引:34,自引:17,他引:17  
准噶尔地区构造-岩浆-成矿带具环准噶尔地块分布的特征,这一格局是准噶尔地区古生代大地构造演化的结果。哈萨克斯坦-准噶尔板块在北侧古亚洲洋与南侧南天山洋的俯冲下不断侧向增生,并形成与岩浆作用伴生的火山岩型铜铁多金属矿带、斑岩铜钼金矿带与浅成低温金矿带。哈萨克斯坦-准噶尔板块与西伯利亚板块和塔里木板块碰撞发生了强烈挤压-剪切变形,并导致准噶尔地块发生逆时针旋转,从而造成构造-岩浆-成矿带发生位移、呈环状分布于准噶尔地块周边。环准噶尔斑岩铜矿形成于俯冲成因的大陆岛弧、大洋岛弧与弧后盆地及后碰撞阶段板内4种构造背景,晚古生代是成矿的高峰时期。  相似文献   

4.
对侵位于彭庐地块东南边缘与程浪断裂带毗邻的前寒武纪花岗岩和出露于程浪深断裂带内的超基性岩墙群的微量元素地球化学特征进行了研究,结果表明前者属板内与岛弧环境的过渡类型,后者代表典型的火山岛弧环境。结合前人在区域构造和地质年代学的研究成果,认为晋宁运动时期,扬子板块东南缘散布着多个小型块体,在华夏板块向扬子板块方向的俯冲过程中,障公山地块先与彭庐地块沿程浪断裂带发生拼合,同时形成程浪超基性岩墙群;与此同时,彭庐地块内则表现为大规模的岩浆侵入作用。在各小型块体陆续发生碰撞后,扬子板块与华夏板块在晋宁运动晚期最终碰撞拼合,火山岛弧环境转换为造山带构造,因此,彭庐地块、障公山地块等火山岛弧均成为华南造山带的组成部分。  相似文献   

5.
徐纪人  赵志新 《地质学报》2006,80(12):1952-1961
苏鲁-大别造山带是中国东部华北、华南地块之间的大地构造交界带.本文分析研究了我国东部的地震活动性,并根据1918~2005年间苏鲁-大别及其周围地区发生的1000余个地震的震源机制解,系统研究了应力场的区域特征以及华北、华南地壳应力场构造分区,探讨了其动力学来源以及构造运动特征.结果表明,中国东部大陆华北、华南地块地壳现代应力场和构造运动可以归结为太平洋板块和菲律宾海板块与欧亚板块之间相对运动,以及大陆板内区域块体之间相互作用的结果.华北地区受到太平洋板块向欧亚板块俯冲挤压的同时,受到从贝加尔湖经过大华北直到琉球海沟的广阔地域里存在着的统一的、方位为170°的引张应力场的控制.华北地区大地震的震源机制解均反映出震源应力场为ENE向挤压应力和NNW向张应力的共同作用.郯庐断裂带等华北地区的北北东走向的断裂带,表现为右旋走滑的现代构造运动特征.来自台湾纵谷的北西西向挤压应力控制了华南块体直至南北地震带南段东部地域的地壳应力场.本文研究结果表明,将中国东部大陆划分成华北、华南两部分的现代地壳应力场分界线,其西部大致与秦岭带相同,然而在大别及其以东地区则逐渐偏离大地构造带,到北纬30°后向东南偏转,在温州附近的北纬27°左右转为向东延伸,最终穿过东海直至琉球海沟.  相似文献   

6.
帝汶海槽位于东南亚班达海与澳大利亚西北帝汶海之间的外班达岛弧,新近纪以来特别是晚中新世—晚上新世期间澳大利亚板块与班达岛弧的碰撞引发了帝汶岛的隆升和帝汶海槽的变形,影响了区域内的构造活动。澳大利亚西北大陆架边缘正断层主要控制了台地、地垒和地堑构造,帝汶海槽北部在弧—陆碰撞引发的帝汶岛隆升与海槽沉降双重作用下形成一系列逆冲和褶皱,海槽底部NE-SW向逆冲断层为海槽变形前锋,控制了海槽形态。构造特征与天然地震特征表明,澳大利亚板块与班达岛弧之间的班达俯冲带位于帝汶岛与内班达岛弧之间的翁拜海峡,以平均约62°的高角度俯冲,俯冲深度超过600 km,深部震源与上部震源之间存在明显的地震带间断,澳大利亚板块向东南亚板块下方的俯冲已逐渐减缓趋于停止,但由弧—陆碰撞引发的帝汶海槽与帝汶岛变形仍在持续,内班达岛弧正在沿班达海发生变形。在俯冲作用相对平衡的背景下,澳大利亚板块向东南亚板块下方的俯冲可能会转变为造山作用,未来内班达岛弧可能会隆升形成内、外班达岛弧双重造山带。  相似文献   

7.
印度板块与亚洲板块的碰撞使喜马拉雅-青藏高原隆升,地壳增厚和生长扩展。探测青藏高原深部结构,揭露两个大陆如何碰撞,碰撞如何使大陆变形的过程,是全球关切的科学奥秘。深地震反射剖面探测是打开这个科学奥秘的最有效途径之一。20多年来,运用这项高技术探测到青藏高原巨厚地壳的精细结构,攻克了难以得到下地壳和Moho清晰结构的技术瓶颈,揭露了陆陆碰撞过程。本文在探测研究成果基础上,从青藏高原南北-东西对比,再到高原腹地,系统地综述了青藏高原之下印度板块与亚洲板块碰撞-俯冲的深部行为。印度地壳在高原南缘俯冲在喜马拉雅造山带之下,亚洲板块的阿拉善地块岩石圈在北缘向祁连山下俯冲,祁连山地壳向外扩展,塔里木地块与高原西缘的西昆仑发生面对面的碰撞,在高原东缘发现龙日坝断裂而不是龙门山断裂是扬子板块的西缘边界,高原腹地Moho 薄而平坦,岩石圈伸展垮塌。多条深反射剖面揭露了在雅鲁藏布江缝合带下印度板块与亚洲板块碰撞的行为,印度地壳不仅沿雅鲁藏布江缝合带存在由西向东的俯冲角度变化,而且其向北行进到拉萨地体内部的位置也不同。在缝合带中部,显示印度地壳上地壳与下地壳拆离,上地壳向北仰冲,下地壳向北俯冲,并在俯冲过程发生物质的回返与构造叠置,使印度地壳减薄,喜马拉雅地壳加厚。俯冲印度地壳前缘与亚洲地壳碰撞后沉入地幔,处于亚洲板块前缘的冈底斯岩基与特提斯喜马拉雅近于直立碰撞,冈底斯下地壳呈部分熔融状态,近乎透明的弱反射和局部出现的亮点反射,以及近于平的Moho都反映出亚洲板块南缘的伸展构造环境。  相似文献   

8.
青藏高原板内地震震源深度分布规律及其成因   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
青藏高原板内地震以浅源地震为主, 下地壳基本上没有地震, 地震震源多集中在15~40 km的深度范围, 主要在中地壳内, 呈似层状弥散分布.其中30~33 km深度是一个优势层, 与壳内分层有关.总体上青藏高原南、北部的震源面略呈相向倾斜特征.70~100 km深度区间出现了比较集中的震级较小的地震, 可能与壳幔过渡带的拆离作用有关.高原内部的正断层系与板内地震密切相关, 是板内浅源地震的主控构造.总之, 青藏高原地震震源沿着活动的上地壳脆性层与软弱层之间的脆-韧性过渡带分布.这些板内地震活动属于大陆动力学过程, 与板块碰撞和板块俯冲无关.初步认为青藏高原浅层到深层多震层的成因分别是韧性基底与脆性盖层、韧性下地壳与脆性上地壳、韧性下地壳与脆性上地幔的韧-脆性转换、拆离和解耦的产物.   相似文献   

9.
西太平洋中、新生代活动大陆边缘和岛弧构造的形成及演化   总被引:58,自引:4,他引:58  
作为海陆过渡带的活动大陆边缘和岛弧,是构造活动最活跃和地貌景象最壮观的地带。在那里沉积作用、岩浆活动、构造变动、变质作用和成矿作用都留下深刻的烙印。它是大洋地壳向大陆地壳演化的纽带,也是探索大陆地壳成长和增生的关键地带。因此,八十年代开始的国际全球岩石圈计划,作为当前重点研究课题之一。 1885年休斯(E.Suess)早已指出了活动的太平洋型大陆边缘和被动的大西洋型大陆边缘构造的差异特征。从二十世纪六十年代板块理论问世以来,又将太平洋(活动)型大陆边缘进一步划分为三种亚类型:科迪勒拉型,安第斯型和岛弧型。太平洋型活动大陆边缘,中、新生代以来,有明显的板块碰撞和B型俯冲潜没作用,并伴随有火山作用,地  相似文献   

10.
印度板块与亚洲板块的碰撞使喜马拉雅-青藏高原隆升,地壳增厚并生长扩展。探测青藏高原深部结构,揭露两个大陆如何碰撞以及碰撞如何使大陆变形的过程,是对全球关切的科学奥秘的探索。深地震反射剖面探测是打开这个科学奥秘的最有效途径之一。二十多年来,运用这项高技术探测到青藏高原巨厚地壳的精细结构,攻克了难以得到下地壳和Moho面信息的技术瓶颈,揭露了陆-陆碰撞过程。本文在探测研究成果的基础上,从青藏高原南北-东西对比,再到高原腹地,系统地综述了青藏高原之下印度板块与亚洲板块碰撞-俯冲的深部行为。印度地壳在高原南缘俯冲在喜马拉雅造山带之下,亚洲板块的阿拉善地块岩石圈在北缘向祁连山下俯冲,祁连山地壳向外扩展,塔里木地块与高原西缘的西昆仑发生面对面的碰撞,在高原东缘发现龙日坝断裂(而不是龙门山断裂)是扬子板块的西缘边界,高原腹地Moho面厚度薄而平坦,岩石圈伸展垮塌。多条深反射剖面揭露了在雅鲁藏布江缝合带下印度板块与亚洲板块碰撞的行为,不仅沿雅鲁藏布江缝合带走向印度地壳俯冲行为存在东西变化,而且印度地壳向北行进到拉萨地体内部的位置也不同。在缝合带中部,研究显示印度地壳上地壳与下地壳拆离,上地壳向北仰冲,下地壳向北俯冲,并在俯冲过程中发生物质的回返与构造叠置,这导致印度地壳减薄,喜马拉雅地壳加厚。俯冲印度地壳前缘与亚洲地壳碰撞后沉入地幔,处于亚洲板块前缘的冈底斯岩基与特提斯喜马拉雅近于直立碰撞,冈底斯下地壳呈部分熔融状态,近乎透明的弱反射和局部出现的亮点反射以及近于平的Moho面都反映出亚洲板块南缘处于伸展构造环境。  相似文献   

11.
在前人工作成果的基础上,对泉州市中心城区的区域地壳结构、区域地质构造、新构造运动、区域构造应力场和区域地震活动性进行综合分析.分析结果表明,泉州市中心城区在第四纪中更新世之前位于环太平洋中、新生代构造一岩浆活动带中,地壳运动频繁而又强烈,区域地质构造复杂;现代处于菲律宾海板块对欧亚板块挤压形成的"台湾动力触角"影响区,但区内的断裂不具全新世活动性,新构造运动不强烈,有史以来未见≥5.0级地震记载,属于地壳相对稳定区,未来遭遇6.0级地震的危险性不大,其地震破坏性影响主要来自周边孕震区,特别是东部海域,与"台湾动力触角"的作用和滨海断裂带的活动有关.  相似文献   

12.
发展中的板块边界:天山-贝加尔活动构造带   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5  
冯锐  马宗晋  方剑  吴宣 《地学前缘》2007,14(4):1-17
亚洲内陆的强地震密集地发生在天山-贝加尔一线,但该处并不存在一条连续的大断裂,学术界对这个问题的认识长期相左。文中分析了这条地震带的时空分布、分区特点、应力状态和活动周期,计算了欧亚大陆的布格重力异常场、均衡重力异常场,反演了上地幔的密度分布和剪切波速分布。发现在这个部位的70~250km的深部有一条北东向的密度、速度陡变带,它是新生代的冷地幔和热地幔的交界带,与浅部构造存在立交关系,对亚洲大陆的现今构造运动和应力场具有重要的控制作用。这个带的地震不同于传统意义上的板缘地震和板内地震,是一种因为深浅构造不同而造成的结构性地震,性质上为大陆内缘地震。文中还就深浅构造的空间立交关系、时间镜像关系进行了讨论,指出在南北地震带和伊朗东侧地震带的立交结构也与上地幔构造有关。天山-贝加尔活动构造带是正在发展中的板块边界,是大陆内部的一个典型构造,北侧为稳定的俄罗斯-西伯利亚次板块,南侧为活动的中国-东南亚次板块。  相似文献   

13.
Earthquakes for the period 1964–1973 are relocated by the method of Joint Hypocenter Determination in order better to resolve the configuration and the structure of the New Guinea—New Britain—Solomon Islands region. Focal mechanism solutions are integrated with the seismicity and interpreted closely with it. A zone of subduction exists beneath New Britain and the Solomon Islands, a zone of left-lateral strike-slip movement extends from New Ireland to New Guinea. The zone of seismicity in northern New Guinea has developed as a result of a continent—island-arc collision in late Oligocene—Miocene times and does not exhibit a well-developed inclined seismic zone. It is proposed that plate tectonics theory does not apply rigorously, but slip-line field theory allows the presentation of a new geodynamic model for this region.  相似文献   

14.
Subduction zones with deep seismicity are believed to be associated with the descending branches of convective flows in the mantle and are subordinated to them. Therefore, the position of subduction zones can be considered as relatively fixed with respect to the steady-state system of convective flows. The lithospheric plate overhanging a subduction zone (as a rule of continental type) may:
1. (1) either move away from the subduction zone; or
2. (2) move onto it. In the first case extensional conditions originate behind the subduction zone and the new oceanic crust of back-arc basins forms. In the second case active Andean-type continental margins with thickening of the crust and lithosphere are observed.
Behind the majority of volcanic island-arcs, along the boundary with marginal-sea basins, independent shallow seismicity belts can be traced. They are parallel to the main seismicity belts coinciding with the Benioff zones. The seismicity belts frame island-arc microplates. Island-arc microplates are assumed to be a frame of reference to calculate relative movements of the consuming and overhanging plates. Using slip vector azimuths for shallow seismicity belts in the frontal parts of the Kurile, Japan, Izu-Bonin, Mariana and Tonga—Kermadec arcs, the position of the pole of rotation of the Pacific plate with respect to the western Pacific island-arc microplates was computed. Its coordinates are 66.1°N, 119.2°W. From the global closure of plate movements it has been determined that for the past 10 m.y. the Eurasian and Indian plates have been moving away from the Western Pacific island-arc system, both rotating clockwise, around poles at 31.1°N, 164.2°W and 1.3°S, 157.5°W, respectively. This provides for the opening of the back-arc basins. At the same time South America is moving onto the subduction zone at the rate of 4 cm/yr. Some “hot spots”, such as Hawaiian, Tibesti, and those of the South Atlantic, are moving relative to the island-arc system at a very low rate, viz. 0.5–0.7 cm/yr. Presumably, the western Pacific subduction zone and “hot spots” form a single frame of reference which can generally be used for the analysis of absolute motions.  相似文献   

15.
Summary of the Lithospheric Dynamics in China   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
This paper presents a summary of the explanatory notes for the 1: 4, 000.000 scale"Lithgspheric Dynamics Map of China and Adjacent Seas". Which gives an outline of the geological and geophysical processes that are presently active or were once active during the Cenozoic. The focus is concentrated on intraplate phenomena and on explaining them in terms of fundamental plate tectonic processes.The lithosphere in China is very heterogeneous. Its dynamics can be described in terms of the relative motions of 8 active subplates and related 17 tectonic blocks, and the characteristics of neotectonic deformation. The present-day movement and deformation of the lithosphere in China, their relationship with the deep-seated processes, and the lateral heterogeneity, mass difference and stress state within it that will tend to cause crustal movement in the future are illustrated.The intraplate tectonics and stress field are mainly controlled by the heterogeneity of the lithosphere and the mode of interaction between subplates and their boundary conditions. The collision of the Indian plate with the Eurasian plate began and proceeded along the Tethys ocean side, which has produced a strong compressional stress in western China and brought about a high shear stress in the regions round the eastern and western corners of the Himalaya block. However, the eastern part of China is directly influenced by the western Pacific plate boundaries. The minimum principal stress here is tensional. which makes the shear stress high, it may be the cause of the high seismicity in North China and maritime region of southeastern China.  相似文献   

16.
The seismicity, deformation rates and associated erosion in the Taiwan region clearly demonstrate that plate tectonic and orogenic activities are at a high level. Major geologic units can be neatly placed in the plate tectonic context, albeit critical mapping in specific areas is still needed, but the key processes involved in the building of the island remain under discussion. Of the two plates in the vicinity of Taiwan, the Philippine Sea Plate (PSP) is oceanic in its origin while the Eurasian Plate (EUP) is comprised partly of the Asian continental lithosphere and partly of the transitional lithosphere of the South China Sea basin. It is unanimously agreed that the collision of PSP and EU is the cause of the Taiwan orogeny, but several models of the underlying geological processes have been proposed, each with its own evolutionary history and implied subsurface tectonics.TAIGER (TAiwan Integrated GEodynamics Research) crustal- and mantle-imaging experiments recently made possible a new round of testing and elucidation. The new seismic tomography resolved structures under and offshore of Taiwan to a depth of about 200 km. In the upper mantle, the steeply east-dipping high velocity anomalies from southern to central Taiwan are clear, but only the extreme southern part is associated with seismicity; toward the north the seismicity disappears. The crustal root under the Central Range is strongly asymmetrical; using 7.5 km/s as a guide, the steep west-dipping face on the east stands in sharp contrast to a gradual east-dipping face on the west. A smaller root exists under the Coastal Range or slightly to the east of it. Between these two roots lies a well delineated high velocity rise spanning the length from Hualien to Taitung. The 3-D variations in crustal and mantle structures parallel to the trend of the island are closely correlated with the plate tectonic framework of Taiwan. The crust is thickest in the central Taiwan collision zone, and although it thins toward the south, the crust is over 30 km thick over the subduction in the south; in northern Taiwan, the northward subducting PSP collides with Taiwan and the crust thins under northern Taiwan where the subducting indenter reaches 50 km in depth. The low Vp/Vs ratio of around 1.6 at a mid-crustal depth of 25 km in the Central Range indicates that current temperatures could exceed 700 °C. The remarkable thickening of the crust under the Central Range, its rapid uplift without significant seismicity, its deep exhumation and its thermal state contribute to make it the core of orogenic activities on Taiwan Island.The expanded network during the TAIGER deployment captured broadband seismic data yielding enhanced S-splitting results with mainly SKS/SKKS data. The polarization directions of the fast S-waves follow very closely the structural trends of the island, supporting the concept of a vertically coherent Taiwan orogeny in the outer few hundred kilometers of the Earth.  相似文献   

17.
亚洲大陆晚新生代和现代构造变形以活动地块为主要特征,表现为在统一构造格局下不同地块间具有不同的运动方式和速度。为了研究这些具有不同运动学性质块体间的相互作用以及构造变形特征,基于亚洲大陆的总体构造格局构建了二维有限元模型。根据模拟结果,对比已知GPS数据、震源机制解以及地质调查数据等,定量分析了大陆内部主要活动地块构造应力场的分布特征,并探讨了影响亚洲大陆现今构造变形特征的主要因素。结果表明:在我国的西部陆块内,由于周边一系列近EW向弧形活动构造带的存在,导致其内部次级块体运动速率的衰减,从而进一步导致应力环境的变化,由青藏中部的挤压-拉张环境逐渐转变为塔里木、天山地区的完全挤压环境;在西伯利亚地块和印度板块的联合挤压作用下,华北地块上地壳的应力表现为较弱的挤压环境,而在该种应力环境下块体内部伸展构造的成因很可能与其深部的动力学环境有关;华南地块的运动方向与台湾造山带相反,从而形成一个秦岭-大别造山带以南的较强烈的挤压-拉张区;在印度-澳大利亚板块和菲律宾俯冲板块的联合挤压作用下,巽他地块作为华南地块和印支地块的逃逸窗口,表现出以婆罗洲、南海为中心近圆弧形的弱挤压区以及环绕挤压区外缘挤压-拉张区的应力分布特征。  相似文献   

18.
江苏—南黄海地区城市密集,人口众多,是中国东部经济最发达的地带之一。同时,该地区历史上曾频发中—强以上级别的地震,地震及次生地质灾害是威胁该区经济社会发展的自然灾害之一。该区的地震活动时空特征和发震机制还不清楚。本文通过整理江苏—南黄海地区的历史和仪器记录地震数据,分析了该区地震活动时空分布格局,发现地震活动主要集中于若干条区域活动断裂带,在时间上具有约60年的平静期,目前仍处于地震活跃期。深部构造研究还表明该区域内地震活跃的南部坳陷和勿南沙隆起区均存在显著的地球物理异常,表明地震活动与区域深部构造有关。东部菲律宾海板块的俯冲作用和印度—欧亚大陆碰撞引起的板块边界挤压力和大陆边缘因地形高程差异伴随的重力势能是中国海洋地震的主要驱动力。上述认识不仅加深了对江苏—南黄海地区地震构造环境的理解,同时也能对该区防震减灾公益事业提供科学参考。  相似文献   

19.
Crustal-scale seismic profiles across Taiwan and the western Philippine Sea   总被引:13,自引:2,他引:13  
We have used combined onshore and offshore wide-angle seismic data sets to model the velocity structure of the Taiwan arc–continent collision along three cross-island transects. Although Taiwan is well known as a collisional orogen, relatively few data have been collected that reveal the deeper structure resulting from this lithospheric-scale process. Our southern transect crosses the Hengchun Peninsula of southernmost Taiwan and demonstrates characteristics of incipient collision. Here, 11-km-thick, transitional crust of the Eurasian plate (EUP) subducts beneath a large, rapidly growing accretionary prism. This prism also overrides the N. Luzon forearc to the east as it grows. Just west of the arc axis there is an abrupt discontinuity in the forearc velocity structure. Because this break is accompanied by intense seismicity, we interpret that the forearc block is being detached from the N. Luzon arc and Philippine Sea plate (PSP) at this point. Our middle transect illustrates the structure of the developing collision. Steep and overturned velocity contours indicate probable large-scale thrust boundaries across the orogen. The leading edge of the coherent PSP appears to extend to beneath the east coast of Taiwan. Deformation of the PSP is largely limited to the remnant N. Luzon arc with no evidence of crustal thickening to the east in the Huatung basin. Our northern transect illustrates slab–continent collision—the continuing collision of the PSP and EUP as the PSP subducts. The collisional contact is below 20 km depths along this transect NE of Hualien. This transect shows elements of the transition from arc–continent collision to Ryukyu arc subduction. Both of our models across the Central Range suggest that the Paleozoic to Mesozoic basement rocks there may have been emplaced as thick, coherent thrust sheets. This suggests a process of partial continental subduction followed by intra-crustal detachment and buoyancy-aided exhumation. Although our models provide previously unknown structural information about the Taiwan orogen, our data do not define the deepest orogenic structure nor the structure of western Taiwan. Additional seismic (active and passive), geologic, and geodynamic modeling work must be done to fully define the structure, the active deformation zones, and the key geodynamic process of the Taiwan arc–continent collision.  相似文献   

20.
马瑾 《地学前缘》1999,6(4):363-370
讨论活动块体在地震活动中的作用。板缘地震在空间上呈线性分布,而中国大陆地震在空间上呈片状分布。大陆强震往往涉及两个以上方向断层的活动,且强震往往沿块体边界迁移或在其两侧断层上对迁。一些强震前后由中小地震震源机制解反映的P轴方向往往发生近90°的转向,这种现象难以用区域应力方向变化来解释,但可从块体活动角度出发,用块体两个边界断层的先后错动来解释。地震前异常的远程效应、震后烈度异常分布图像以及地震序列特点等也显示了活动块体的作用。不同地区由地震活动性推测的块体活动方式有所差别,其原因可能和区域主压应力轴与块体两个边界断层走向的夹角不同有关。据此认为,在分析中国地震活动时要把视角从以活动断层为中心转变为以活动块体为中心  相似文献   

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