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1.
A comprehensive review of new data on geology and geochronology of Precambrian terranes in the western Central Asian Orogenic Belt reveals new insights into its evolution. At the present surface, these terranes mostly consist of Meso- to Neoproterozoic sedimentary, magmatic and metamorphic assemblages, with insignificant Paleoproterozoic rocks. Archean material is represented exclusively by detrital and xenocrystic zircons in younger strata. Meso- to Neoproterozoic felsic magmatic rocks were mostly sourced from Neoarchean and Paleoproterozoic continental crust, indicating its reworking and potential wider presence at deeper crustal levels. Most Meso- to Neoproterozoic assemblages are of intraplate origin. The supra-subduction assemblages of Neoproterozoic and Mesoproterozoic ages are of limited extent.We propose to recognize the Issedonian and Ulutau-Moyunkum groups of terranes, separated by early Paleozoic Z-shaped ophiolitic suture, based on their different tectono-magmatic evolution in the Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic. Distinctly different are the Mesoproterozoic and early Neoproterozoic assemblages, with lithological variations at the beginning of the late Neoproterozoic and practically no differences at the end of the Neoproterozoic.The Issedonian group of terranes could be part of a Mesoproterozoic (ca. 1100 Ma) orogen between the Siberian, North China and Laurentian cratons. The pre-Mesoproterozoic crust of these terranes was completely reworked during the younger events. The Ulutau-Moyunkum group of terranes appear to be lithologically and geochronologically similar to the Tarim craton. Both the Issedonian and Ulutau-Moyunkum groups of terranes were metamorphosed during the Ulutau-Moyunkum event at 700 ± 25 Ma.The breakup into currently mappable Precambrian terranes took place during end-Ediacaran to early Paleozoic times after opening of oceanic basins, whose relics are preserved in numerous Paleozoic ophiolitic sutures. 相似文献
2.
The Ross–Delamerian orogenic belt was formed along the eastern side of the Australian–East Antarctic continent during west-directed subduction of the Palaeo-Pacific Ocean in the early Palaeozoic. Northern Victoria Land (NVL) in Antarctica was located at a central position of the Ross-Delamerian system. Its metamorphic basement is formed by three lithotectonic units formerly interpreted as terranes: the Wilson, Bowers and Robertson Bay terranes (from west to east). Dating of detrital zircons from 14 metasedimentary samples of these terranes combined with petrographical and whole-rock geochemical studies give new insights into the stratigraphic and tectonic evolution of NVL. All samples show very similar zircon age spectra with two main intervals, a Ross/Pan-African-age interval (470–700 Ma) and a Grenville-age interval (900–1300 Ma), as well as subordinate craton-related ages dispersed over the range of ca. 1600–3500 Ma. The Ross/Pan-African-age zircon population tends to get more dominant from the Priestley Formation of the Wilson Terrane to the Molar Formation of the Bowers Terrane, and finally to the Robertson Bay Group, whereas the number of craton-related ages diminishes in this direction. A common East Antarctic source area is indicated for all analyzed samples. The Priestley Formation was deposited on the Palaeo-Pacific passive continental margin of East Gondwana in the late Neoproterozoic after Rodinia breakup. The sequence was subsequently metamorphosed and intruded by the Granite Harbour Intrusives during the Ross Orogeny. The Molar Formation of the Bowers Terrane is interpreted as a turbiditic sequence deposited in an accretionary setting on the active continental margin in the Late Cambrian during and after accretion of the Glasgow island arc allochthon. The thick, homogeneous sequence of the Robertson Bay Group resulted from continuous turbiditic sedimentation in an accretionary wedge in front of the Ross Orogen after docking and imbrication of the Glasgow island arc in the Early Ordovician. 相似文献
3.
We present new U–Pb isotopic age data for detrital zircons from 16 deformed sandstones of the Ross Supergroup in north Victoria Land, Antarctica. Zircon U/Th ratios primarily point to dominantly igneous parent rocks with subordinate contributions from metamorphic sources. Comparative analysis of detrital zircon age populations indicates that inboard stratigraphic successions (Wilson Terrane) and those located outboard of the East Antarctic craton (the Bowers and Robertson Bay terranes) have similar ~ 1200–950 Ma (Mesoproterozoic–Neoproterozoic) and ~ 700–490 Ma (late Neoproterozoic–Cambrian, Furongian) age populations. The affinity of the age populations of the sandstones to each other, as well as Gondwana sources and Pacific-Gondwana marginal stratigraphic belts, challenges the notion that the outboard successions form exotic terranes that docked with Gondwana during the Ross orogeny and instead places the terranes in proximity to each other and within the peri-Gondwana realm during the late Neoproterozoic to Cambrian. The cumulative zircon age suite from north Victoria Land yields a polymodal age spectra with a younger, primary 700–480 Ma age population that peaks at ~ 580 Ma. Cumulative analysis of zircons with elevated U/Th ratios (> 20) indicating metamorphic heritage yield ~ 657–532 Ma age probability peaks, which overlap with the younger dominantly igneous zircon population. The data are interpreted to give important new evidence that is consistent with ongoing convergent arc magmatism by ~ 626 Ma, which provided the dominant zircon-rich igneous rocks and subordinate metamorphic rocks. Maximum depositional ages as young as ~ 493–481 Ma yielded by deformed sequences in the outboard Bowers and Robertson Bay terrane samples provide new support for late Cambrian to Ordovician deformation in outboard sectors of the orogen, consistent with tectonic models that call for cyclic phases of contraction along the north Victoria Land sector of the Ross–Delamerian orogen. 相似文献
4.
《Gondwana Research》2014,25(3-4):1127-1151
The origin and tectonic settings of metasedimentary sequences in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt have been a matter of debate regarding their contributions with some proposals of being microcontinents or accreted material, largely due to a lack of high resolution geochronological data. This paper reports detrital zircon U–Pb age and Hf isotopic data for the previously mapped Precambrian metasedimentary rocks from the Beishan orogenic collage, southern Altaids. Our data show that Precambrian ages dominate all the analyzed samples, but two samples yield Paleozoic zircons which suggest that they were not deposited in the Precambrian. The late Paleoproterozoic–early Mesoproterozoic group (~ 2000–1300 Ma) is the largest age population among the six samples analyzed. This age population (~ 2000–1300 Ma) corresponds to the assembly and subsequent break-up of the Columbia supercontinent. Only one sample (11SYS01) yields Neoproterozoic ages (with two peaks at 930 and 785 Ma), which shows a possible affinity with the Tarim Craton. Hence, the age spectra presented here are generally different from that of the Tarim Craton and the metasedimentary rocks from the Central Tienshan. Our data show that the Tarim Craton is not the main source area for the metasedimentary rocks from the Beishan orogenic collage, but instead multiple source areas may have contributed to the Beishan collage. Combining our new results with published data, we favor an allochthonous origin for the metasedimentary sequences which may be associated with major thrust tectonics. Therefore, a long-lived arc accretionary model is proposed for the tectonic evolution of the Beishan orogenic collage. 相似文献
5.
The provenance of the large and super-large scale bauxite deposits developed in the Wuchuan–Zheng’an–Daozhen (WZD) alumina metallogenic province in the Yangtze Block of South China is poorly understood. LA-ICP-MS and SIMS U–Pb dating of detrital zircons from bauxite ores and the underlying Hanjiadian Group in the WZD area provide new constrains on the provenance of the WZD bauxite and provide new insight on the bauxite ore-forming process. The ages of the detrital zircons in the bauxites and the zircons in the Hanjiadian Group are similar suggesting that the bauxites are genetically related to the Hanjiadian sediments. The detrital zircon populations of the four samples studied show four primary age peaks: 2600–2400 Ma, 1900–1700 Ma, 1300–700 Ma and 700–400 Ma. The age distribution of detrital zircons indicates that they are probably derived from various sources including Neoproterozoic, Mesoproterozoic, Paleoproterozoic, Archean and some minor Paleozoic sources. The most abundant age population contains a continuous range of ages from 1300 to 700 Ma, ages consistent with subduction-related magmatic activities (1000–740 Ma) along the western margin of the Yangtze Block and the worldwide Grenville orogenic events (1300–1000 Ma). Thus, it is suggested that the main provenances of the WZD bauxite and the Hanjiadian Group are the Neoproterozoic igneous rocks in the western Yangtze Block and the Grenville-age igneous rocks in the southern Cathaysia Block. In addition, this work verifies that the global Grenville orogenic events and subduction-related magmatic activities associated with the Yangtze Block had a significant influence on the formation of the WZD bauxite deposits. 相似文献
6.
The Jiangnan Orogen, the eastern part of which comprises the oceanic Huaiyu terrane to the northeast and the continental Jiuling terrane to the southwest, marks the collision zone of the Yangtze and the Cathaysia Blocks in South China. Here, zircon U–Pb geochronological and Lu–Hf isotopic results from typical basement and cover meta-sedimentary/sedimentary rock units in the eastern Jiangnan Orogen are presented. The basement sequences in southwestern Huaiyu terrane are mainly composed of marine volcaniclastic turbidite, ophiolite suite and tuffaceous phyllite, whereas those in the northeastern Huaiyu consist of littoral face pebbly feldspathic sandstones and greywacke interbedded with intermediate-basic volcanic rocks. Combined with previous studies, the present data show that the basement sequences exhibit arc affinities. Zircons from the basement phyllite in the southwestern margin of the Huaiyu terrane, representing a Neoproterozoic back-arc basin, yield a single age population of 800–900 Ma. The basement greywacke from northeastern Huaiyu terrane, representing fore-arc basin, is also characterized by zircons that preserve a single tectono-thermal event during 800–940 Ma. However, the late Neoproterozoic cover sequence preserves zircons from multiple sources with age populations of 750–890 Ma, 1670–2070 Ma and 2385–2550 Ma. Moreover, Hf isotopic data further reveal that most detrital zircons from the basement sequences yield positive εHf(t) values and late Mesoproterozoic model ages, while those of the cover sequence mostly show negative εHf(t) values. The Hf isotopic data therefore suggest that the basement sequences are soured from a Neoproterozoic arc produced by reworking of subducted late Mesoproterozoic materials. The geochronological and Hf isotopic data presented in this study suggest ca. 800 Ma for the assembly of the Huaiyu and Jiuling terranes, implying that the amalgamation of the Yangtze and Cathaysia Blocks in the eastern part occurred at ca. 800 Ma. 相似文献
7.
New U–Pb detrital zircon ages from (meta-)graywackes of the Blovice accretionary complex, Bohemian Massif, provide an intriguing record of expansion of the northern active margin of Gondwana during late Neoproterozoic and Cambrian. The late Neoproterozoic (meta-)graywackes typically contain a smaller proportion of Archean and Paleoproterozoic zircons and show a 1.6–1.0 Ga age gap and a prominent late Cryogenian to early Ediacaran age peak. The respective zircon age spectra match those described from other correlative Cadomian terranes with a West African provenance. On the other hand, some samples were dominated by Cambrian zircons with concordia ages as young as 499 Ma. The age spectra obtained from these samples mostly reflect input from juvenile volcanic arcs whereas the late Cambrian samples are interpreted as representing relics of forearc basins that overlay the accretionary wedge.The new U–Pb zircon ages suggest that the Cadomian orogeny, at least in the Bohemian Massif, was not restricted to the Neoproterozoic but should be rather viewed as a continuum of multiple accretion, deformation, magmatic and basin development events governed by oceanic subduction until late Cambrian times. Our new U–Pb ages also indicate that the Cadomian margin was largely non-accretionary since its initiation at ~ 650–635 Ma and that most of the material accreted during a short time span at around 527 Ma, closely followed by a major pulse of pluton emplacement. Based on the new detrital zircon ages, we argue for an unsteady, cyclic evolution of the Cadomian active margin which had much in common with modern Andean and Cordilleran continental-margin arc systems. The newly recognized episodic magmatic arc activity is interpreted as linked to increased erosion–deposition–accretion events, perhaps driven by feedbacks among the changing subducted slab angle, overriding plate deformation, surface erosion, and gravitational foundering of arc roots. These Cadomian active-margin processes were terminated by slab break-off and/or slab rollback and by a switch from convergent to divergent plate motions related to opening of the Rheic Ocean at around 490–480 Ma.The proposed tectonic evolution of the Teplá–Barrandian unit is rather similar to that of the Ossa Morena Zone in Iberia but shows significant differences to that of the North Armorican Massif and Saxothuringian unit in Western and Central Europe. This suggests that the Cadomian orogenic zoning was complexly disrupted during early Ordovician opening of the Rheic Ocean and Late Paleozoic Variscan orogeny so that the originally outboard tectonic elements are now in the Variscan orogen's interior and vice versa. 相似文献
8.
The North China Craton (NCC) is bounded by two Paleozoic accretionary arc terranes: the North Qinling terrane to the south and the Bainaimiao terrane to the north. The timing of arc accretion to the NCC and the architecture of the Bainaimiao arc remain unclear. During the building and accretion of the arcs along its margins, the NCC experienced a long sedimentary hiatus since the Ordovician, which ended with the deposition of bauxite-bearing sediments in the Late Carboniferous. In this paper we report the U–Pb and Hf isotopes of detrital zircons from the Late Carboniferous bauxite layer and use these data to constrain the tectonic evolution of the margin of the NCC. The detrital zircons yield a minimum U–Pb age of ca. 310 Ma and a prominent age peak at ca. 450 Ma. Zircon crystals with ages of ca. 330 Ma and ca. 1900 Ma are more common in the bauxite samples from the northern part of the NCC than in those from the central part. The εHf(t) values of the ca. 450 Ma detrital zircon crystals of the bauxite samples from the NCC are similar to those of the contemporaneous detrital zircon crystals from the North Qinling arc terrane to the south, but different from those of the contemporaneous detrital zircon crystals from the Bainaimiao arc terrane to the north. The ca. 450 Ma detrital zircon crystals in the ca. 310 Ma bauxite deposits are therefore interpreted to have been derived from the North Qinling arc terrane. The source of the ca. 330 Ma detrital zircon crystals of the bauxite deposits is interpreted to be the northern margin of the NCC, where intermediate-felsic plutons formed at ca. 330 Ma are common. The results from this study support the interpretation that the Paleozoic continental arc terranes and their concomitant back-arc basins were developed along the margins of the NCC before ca. 450 Ma, and the arc complexes were subsequently accreted to the craton in the Late Carboniferous. This was then followed by the formation of a walled continental basin within the NCC. 相似文献
9.
In the Menderes Massif (western Taurides) a Neoproterozoic basement comprising metasediments and intrusive granites is imbricated between Paleozoic platform sediments. U–Pb–Hf zircon analyses of Menderes rock units were performed by us using LA-ICP-MS. The U–Pb detrital zircon signal of the Neoproterozoic metasediments is largely consistent with a NE African (Gondwana) provenance. The oldest unit, a paragneiss, contains significant amounts (~ 30%) of Archean-aged zircons and εHf (t) values of about a half of its Neoproterozoic zircons are negative suggesting contribution from Pan-African terranes dominated by reworking of an old crust. In the overlying, mineralogically-immature Core schist (which is still Neoproterozoic), the majority of the detrital zircons are Neoproterozoic, portraying positive εHf (t) values indicating derivation from a proximal juvenile source, resembling the Arabian–Nubian Shield.The period of sedimentation of the analyzed metasediments, is constrained between 570 and 550 Ma (Late Ediacaran). The Core schist sediments, ~ 9 km thick, accumulated in less than 20 My implying a tectonic-controlled sedimentary basin evolved adjacent to the eroded juvenile terrane. Granites, now orthogneisses, intruded the basin fill at 550 Ma, they exhibit ± 0 εHf (t = 550 Ma) and TDM ages of 1.4 Ga consistent with anatexis of various admixtures of juvenile Neoproterozoic and Late Archean detrital components. Granites in the northern Arabian–Nubian Shield are no younger than 580 Ma and their εHf (t) are usually more positive. This implies that the Menderes does not represent a straightforward continuation of the Arabian–Nubian Shield.The lower part of the pre-Carboniferous silisiclastic cover of the Menderes basement, comprises a yellowish quartzite whose U–Pb–Hf detrital zircon signal resembles that of far-traveled Ordovician sandstones in Jordan (including 0.9–1.1 Ga detrital zircons), supporting pre-Triassic paleorestorations placing the Tauride with Afro-Arabia. The detrital signal of the overlying carbonate-bearing quartzitic sequence indicates contribution from a different source: the majority of its detrital zircons yielded 550 Ma and ± 0 εHf (t = 550 Ma) values identical to that of the underlying granitic gneiss implying exposure of Menderes-like granites in the provenance.260–250 Ma lead-loss and partial resetting of the U–Pb system of certain zircons in both basement and cover units was detected. It is interpreted as a consequence of a Permian–Early Triassic thermal event preceding known Triassic granitoid intrusions. 相似文献
10.
The Yili Block is one of the Precambrian microcontinents dispersed in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). Detrital zircon U–Pb ages and Hf isotopic data of Neoproterozoic meta-sedimentary rocks (the Wenquan Group) are presented to constrain the tectonic affinity and early history of the Yili Block. The dating of detrital zircons indicates that both the lower and upper Wenquan Groups have two major populations with ages at 950–880 Ma and 1600–1370 Ma. Moreover, the upper Wenquan Group has two minor populations at ~ 1100 Ma and 1850–1720 Ma. According to the youngest age peaks of meta-sedimentary rocks and the ages of related granitoids, the lower Wenquan Group is considered to have been deposited during the early Neoproterozoic (900–845 Ma), whereas the upper Wenquan Group was deposited at 880–857 Ma. The zircon εHf (t) values suggest that the 1.85–1.72 Ga source rocks for the upper Wenquan Group were dominated by juvenile crustal material, whereas those for the lower Wenquan Group involved more ancient crustal material. For the 1.60–1.37 Ga source rocks, however, juvenile material was a significant input into both the upper and lower Wenquan Groups. Therefore, two synchronous crustal growth and reworking events were identified in the northern Yili Block at ca. 1.8–1.7 Ga and 1.6–1.3 Ga, respectively. After the last growth and reworking event, continuous crustal reworking took place in the northern Yili Block until the early Neoproterozoic. Comparing the age patterns and Hf isotopic compositions of detrital zircons from the Yili Block and the surrounding tectonic units indicates that the Yili Block has a close tectonic affinity to the Chinese Central Tianshan Block in the Precambrian. The Precambrian crustal evolution of the Yili Block is distinct from that of the Siberian, North China and Tarim Cratons. Such difference therefore suggests that the Yili Block and the Chinese Central Tianshan Block may have been united in an isolated Precambrian microcontinent within the CAOB rather than representing two different blocks rifted from old cratons on both sides of the Paleo-Asian Ocean. 相似文献
11.
Submarine basalt and trachyte of the Nandoumba group occur in eastern Senegal within the Bassarides branch of the Mauritanides orogen. The unit forms part of the parautochthonous domain which is stacked between underlying Neoproterozoic to Paleozoic foreland and overlying Variscan nappes. The crystallisation age of the volcanic to subvolcanic rocks has been determined by U–Pb single zircon SHRIMP method at 428 ± 5.2 Ma whereas zircon xenocryst ages vary from 500 to 2200 Ma. The shape of the xenocryst grains document proximal Neo- and Paleoproterozoic and distal Mesoproterozoic provenance areas for assimilated sediments. This is compatible with the Paleoproterozoic Birimian basement and Neoproterozoic cover rocks nearby whereas an origin from the Amazonian craton could be assumed for distal Mesoproterozoic zircons.Geochemical and Sm–Nd isotope whole rock analysis show that basalts of the Nandoumba group are similar to modern transitional to alkaline volcanic lavas in intraplate settings. Those basalts have a deep mantle source with a great contribution of a recycled mantle component such as EM1 and/or EM2. The basalts resemble in their composition those from the Meguma terrane of Nova Scotia which are of similar age suggesting a common source and therefore connection of Meguma with Gondwana during this period. Review of circum-Atlantic Silurian magmatism indicates ongoing fragmentation of NW-Gondwana that started in Cambro/Ordovician times. 相似文献
12.
Revision of crustal architecture and evolution of the Central Asian Orogenic Supercollage (CAOS) between the breakup of Rodinia and assembly of Pangea shows that its internal pattern cannot be explained via a split of metamorphic terranes from and formation of juvenile magmatic arcs near the East European and Siberian cratons, followed by zone-parallel complex duplication and oroclinal bending of just one or two magmatic arcs/subduction zones against the rotating cratons. Also, it cannot be explained by breakup of multiple cratonic terranes and associated magmatic arcs from Gondwana and their drift across the Paleoasian Ocean towards Siberia. Instead, remnants of early Neoproterozoic oceanic lithosphere at the southern, western and northern periphery of the Siberian craton, as well as Neoproterozoic arc magmatism in terranes, now located in the middle of the CAOS, suggest oceanic spreading and subduction between Eastern Europe and Siberia even before the breakup of Rodinia at 740–720 Ma. Some Precambrian terranes in the western CAOS and Alai-Tarim-North China might have acted as a bridge between Eastern Europe and Siberia.The CAOS evolution can be rather explained by multiple regroupings of old and juvenile crust in eastern Rodinia in response to: 1) 1000–740 Ma propagation of the Taimyr-Paleoasian oceanic spreading centres between Siberian and East European cratons towards Alai-Tarim-North China; 2) 665–540 Ma opening and expansion of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean, collision of Siberian and East European cratons with formation of the Timanides and tectonic isolation of the Paleoasian Ocean; 3) 520–450 Ma propagation of the Dzhalair-Naiman and then Transurals-Turkestan oceanic spreading centres, possibly from the Paleotethys Ocean, between Eastern Europe and Alai-Tarim, essentially rearranging all CAOS terranes into a more or less present layout; and 4) middle to late Paleozoic expansion of the Paleotethys Ocean and collision of Alai-Tarim-North China cratons with CAOS terranes and Siberian craton to form the North Asian Paleoplate prior to its collision with Eastern Europe along the Urals to form Laurasia. Two to five subduction zones, some stable long-term and some short-living or radically reorganized in time, can be restored in the CAOS during different phases of its evolution. 相似文献
13.
Early Paleozoic evolution of the northern Gondwana margin is interpreted from integrated in situ U-Pb and Hf-isotope analyses on detrital zircons that constrain depositional ages and provenance of the Lancang Group, previously assigned to the Simao Block, and the Mengtong and Mengdingjie groups of the Baoshan Block. A meta-felsic volcanic rock from the Mengtong Group yields a weighted mean 206Pb/238U age of 462 ± 2 Ma. The depositional age for the previously inferred Neoproterozoic Lancang and Mengtong groups is re-interpreted as Early Paleozoic based on youngest detrital zircons and meta-volcanic age. Detrital U-Pb zircon analyses from the Baoshan Block define three distinctive age peaks at older Grenvillian (1200–1060 Ma), younger Grenvillian (~ 960 Ma) and Pan-African (650–500 Ma), with εHf(t) values for each group similar to coeval detrital zircons from western Australia and northern India. This suggests that the Baoshan Block was situated in the transitional zone between northeast Greater India and northwest Australia on the Gondwana margin and received detritus from both these cratons. The Lancang Group yields a very similar detrital zircon age spectrum to that of the Baoshan Block but contrasts with that for the Simao Block. This suggests that the Lancang Group is underlain by a separate Lancang Block. Similar detrital zircon age spectra suggest that the Baoshan Block and the Lancang Block share common sources and that they were situated close to one another along the northern margin of East Gondwana during the Early Paleozoic. The new detrital zircon data in combination with previously published data for East Gondwana margin blocks suggests the Early Paleozoic Proto-Tethys represents a narrow ocean basin separating an “Asian Hun superterrane” (North China, South China, Tarim, Indochina and North Qiangtang blocks) from the northern margin of Gondwana during the Late Neoproterozoic-Early Paleozoic. The Proto-Tethys closed in the Silurian at ca. 440–420 Ma when this “Asian Hun superterrane” collided with the northern Gondwana margin. Subsequently, the Lancang Block is interpreted to have separated from the Baoshan Block during the Early Devonian when the Paleo-Tethys opened as a back-arc basin. 相似文献
14.
The Charysh–Terekta–Ulagan–Sayan suture zone was regarded as a tectonic boundary separating two distinct subduction–accretion systems in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). In the north, magmatic arcs, such as the Gorny Altai terrane, formed in the southwestern periphery of the Siberian continent, whereas in the south, arc-prism systems, such as the Altai–Mongolian terrane, formed around the so-called Kazakhstan–Baikal composite continent with Gondwana affinity. When did these two systems amalgamate and whether the metamorphic complexes in the suture zone represent Precambrian micro-continental slivers are critical for our understanding of the accretionary orogenesis and crustal growth rate in the CAOB. A combined geochemical and detrital zircon U–Pb–Hf isotopic study was conducted on the meta-sedimentary rocks from the Ulagan (also referred to Bashkaus) and Teletsk Complexes in the suture zone. The results indicate that the protoliths of these rocks were dominated by immature sediments deposited in a time period between 500 and 420 Ma. Thus, Precambrian micro-continental slivers may not exist in the suture zone and even in the whole Altai Orogen.The meta-sedimentary rocks from the Ulagan Complex yield geochemical compositions between those of common intermediate and felsic igneous rocks, implying that these kinds of rocks possibly served as dominant sources. Detrital zircons from this complex consist of a major population of ca. 620–500 Ma, a subordinate one of ca. 931–671 Ma and rare grains of ca. 2899–1428 Ma. This age spectrum is compatible with the magmatic records of the western Mongolia. We propose that the Ulagan Complex possibly represents part of a subduction–accretion complex built upon an active continental margin of the western Mongolia in the early Paleozoic. The remarkable similarities in source nature, provenance, and depositional setting to the early Paleozoic meta-sedimentary rocks from the northern Altai–Mongolian terrane imply that the Ulagan Complex was possibly fragmented from this terrane.The meta-sedimentary rocks from the Teletsk Complex show similar detrital zircon populations but contain higher proportions of mafic sediments and have more depleted whole-rock Nd isotopic compositions. Our data suggest that the detritus mostly came from the same source as that for the Ulagan Complex but those from the Gorny Altai terrane also contributed. This implies that the Gorny Altai and Altai-Mongolian terranes possibly amalgamated prior to the early Devonian rather than in the middle Devonian to early Carboniferous as previously thought. Thus, the widespread Devonian to early Carboniferous magmatism within these two terranes was possibly generated in a similar tectonic setting. Moreover, the dominant Neoproterozoic to early Paleozoic detrital zircons from the Teletsk Complex yield largely varied ɛHf(t) values of − 23.8 to 12.4, indicating that crustal growth and reworking are both important in the accretionary orogenesis. 相似文献
15.
Carlos J. Chernicoff Eduardo O. Zappettini João O.S. Santos Marta C. Godeas E. Belousova Neal J. McNaughton 《Gondwana Research》2012,21(2-3):378-393
We have identified late Early Cambrian metaigneous rocks very poorly exposed at the Estancia El Carancho, in central La Pampa province, Argentina. They comprise calc–alkaline metadiorite and metagranite, and tholeiitic metapyroxenite and metagabbro. They are jointly referred to as the El Carancho Igneous Complex, and regarded to pertain to the Pampean magmatic arc and backarc, respectively. Titanite U–Pb SHRIMP dating of the metapyroxenite yielded 528 ± 5 Ma, and zircon U–Pb SHRIMP dating of the metadiorite yielded 520 ± 1.4 Ma. Hafnium isotope determinations on the dated zircons show 176Hf/177Hf ratios corresponding to positive εHf values from + 7.18 to + 9.37; Hf model ages of the Cambrian zircons yielded 884 Ma. It is interpreted that the metadiorites of the Complex crystallized from an Early Neoproterozoic (Tonian) juvenile source. We argue that the inferred occurrence of juvenile Tonian magmatic rocks in the (otherwise, mostly Paleo-Mesoproterozoic) substratum of the southern Pampia terrane could indicate a zone of thinned basement possibly associated with the early stage of Rodinia's breakup. In addition, the studied segment of the Pampean magmatic arc is contaminated by also juvenile, Late Mesoproterozoic crust, as evidenced by the presence of xenocrystic cores of 1140–1194 Ma – TDM-Hf 1720 Ma and εHf values of + 3.24 to + 4.85 – in the Cambrian zircons, hence suggesting that the studied segment of the Pampean magmatic arc was intruded into juvenile Late Mesoproterozoic magmatic arc rocks. The El Carancho Igneous Complex would be located at the tectonic boundary between the Pampia terrane and the Río de la Plata craton. This boundary stands out in the aeromagnetic data as a change in the structural orientation about a roughly N-S line located approximately at 65° W and representing the suture zone between the Pampia terrane and the Río de la Plata craton. Our geotectonic model envisages westward dipping subduction of oceanic crust beneath the Pampia terrane; the El Carancho Igneous Complex would, therefore, have been originated on the Pampia side (upper plate) of the suture. Slivers of the arc- and backarc-type rocks would have been tectonically imbricated in the suture zone during the Pampean orogeny. 相似文献
16.
The Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB), as one of the largest accretionary orogens in the world, was built up through protracted accretion and collision of a variety of terranes due to the subduction and closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean in the Neoproterozoic to Early Mesozoic. Located in the Uliastai continental margin of the southeastern CAOB, the Chagan Obo Temple area is essential for understanding the tectonic evolution of the southeastern part of the CAOB and its relation with the “Hegenshan Ocean”. In this study, detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology coupled with Hf isotopic analysis was performed on Paleozoic sedimentary strata in this area. Most detrital zircons from the studied samples possess oscillatory zoning and have Th/U ratios of 0.4-1.73, indicative of an igneous origin. Detrital zircons from the Ordovician to Devonian sedimentary strata yield a predominant age group at 511-490 Ma and subordinate age groups at 982-891 Ma, 834-790 Ma and ~ 574 Ma, and have a large spread of εHf(t) values (-20.77 to + 16.94). Carboniferous and Early Permian samples yield zircon U-Pb ages peaking at ~ 410 Ma and ~ 336 Ma, and have dominantly positive εHf(t) values (+ 1.30 to + 14.86). Such age populations and Hf isotopic signatures match those of magmatic rocks in the Northern Accretionary Orogen and the Mongolian arcs. A marked shift of provenance terranes from multiple sources to a single source and Hf isotope compositions from mixed to positive values occurred at some time in the Carboniferous. Such a shift implies that the Northern Accretionary Orogen was no longer a contributor of detritus in the Carboniferous to Early Permian, due to the opening of the “Hegenshan Ocean” possibly induced by the slab rollback of the subducting Paleo-Asian Ocean. 相似文献
17.
U–Pb–Hf of detrital zircons from diverse Cambrian units in Morocco and Sardinia were investigated in order to clarify the sandstone provenance and how it evolved with time, to assess whether the detrital spectra mirror basement crustal composition and whether they are a reliable pointer on the ancestry of peri-Gondwanan terranes. Coupled with Hf isotopes, the detrital age spectra allow a unique perspective on crustal growth and recycling in North Africa, much of which is concealed below Phanerozoic sediments.In Morocco, the detrital signal of Lower Cambrian arkose records local crustal evolution dominated by Ediacaran (0.54–0.63 Ga) and Late-Paleoproterozoic (1.9–2.2 Ga; Eburnian) igneous activity. A preponderance of the Neoproterozoic detrital zircons possess positive εHf(t) values and their respective Hf model ages (TDM) concentrate at 1.15 Ga. In contrast, rather than by Ediacaran, the Neoproterozoic detrital signal from the Moroccan Middle Cambrian quartz-rich sandstone is dominated by Cryogenian-aged detrital zircons peaking at 0.65 Ga alongside a noteworthy early Tonian (0.95 Ga) peak; a few Stenian-age (1.0–1.1 Ga) detrital zircons are also distinguished. The majority of the Neoproterozoic zircons displays negative εHf(t), indicating the provenance migrated onto distal Pan-African terranes dominated by crustal reworking. Terranes such as the Tuareg Shield were a likely provenance. The detrital signal of quartz–arenites from the Lower and Middle Cambrian of SW Sardinia resembles the Moroccan Middle Cambrian, but 1.0–1.1 Ga as well as ~ 2.5 Ga detrital zircons are more common. Therefore, Cambrian Sardinia may have been fed from different sources possibly located farther to the east along the north Gondwana margin. 1.0–1.1 Ga detrital zircons abundant in Sardinia generally display negative εHf(t) values while 0.99–0.95 Ga detrital zircons (abundant in Morocco) possess positive εHf(t), attesting for two petrologically-different Grenvillian sources. A paucity of detrital zircons younger than 0.6 Ga is a remarkable feature of the detrital spectra of the Moroccan and Sardinian quartz-rich sandstones. It indicates that late Cadomian orogens fringing the northern margin of North Africa were low-lying by the time the Cambrian platform was deposited. About a quarter of the Neoproterozoic-aged detrital zircons in the quartz-rich sandstones of Morocco (and a double proportion in Sardinia) display positive εHf(t) values indicating considerable juvenile crust addition in North Africa, likely via island arc magmatism. A substantial fraction of the remaining Neoproterozoic zircons which possess negative εHf(t) values bears evidence for mixing of old crust with juvenile magmas, implying crustal growth in an Andean-type setting was also significant in this region. 相似文献
18.
Analysis of zircons from Australian affinity Permian–Triassic units of the Timor region yield age distributions with large age peaks at 230–400 Ma and 1750–1900 Ma, which are similar to zircon age spectra found in rocks from NE Australia and crustal fragments now found in Tibet and SE Asia. It is likely that these terranes, which are now widely separated, were once part of the northern edge of Gondwana near what is now the northern margin of Australia. The Cimmerian Block rifted from Gondwana in the Early Permian during the initial formation of the Neo-Tethys Ocean. The zircon age spectra of the Gondwana Sequence of NE Australia and in the Timor region are most similar to the terranes of northern Tibet and Malaysia, further substantiating a similar tectonic affinity. A large 1750–1900 Ma zircon peak is also very common in other terranes in SE Asia.Hf analysis of zircon from the Aileu Complex in Timor and Kisar Islands shows a bimodal distribution (both radiogenically enriched and depleted) in the Gondwana Sequence at ~ 300 Ma. The magmatic event from which these zircons were derived was likely bimodal (i.e. mafic and felsic). This is substantiated by the presence of Permian mafic and felsic rocks interlayered with the sandstone used in this study. Similar rock types and isotopic signatures are also found in Permian–Triassic igneous units throughout the Cimmerian continental block.The Permian–Triassic rocks of the Timor region fill syn-rift intra-cratonic basins that successfully rifted in the Jurassic to form the NW margin of Australia. This passive continental margin first entered the Sunda Trench in the Timor region at around 7–8 Ma causing the Permo-Triassic rocks to accrete to the edge of the Asian Plate and emerge as a series of mountainous islands in the young Banda collision zone. Eventually, the Australian continental margin will collide with the southern edge of the Asian plate and these Gondwanan terranes will rejoin. 相似文献
19.
Comprehensive studies of zircon xenocrysts from kimberlites of the Kuoika field (northeastern Siberian craton) and several kimberlite fields of the eastern Anabar shield, along with data compilation on the age of kimberlite-hosting terranes, reveal details of the evolution of the northern Siberian craton. The age distribution and trace element characteristic of zircons from the Kuoika field kimberlites (Birekte terrane) provide evidence of significant basic and alkaline–carbonatite magmatism in northern Siberia in the Paleozoic and Mesozoic periods. The abundance of 1.8–2.1 Ga zircons in both the Birekte and adjacent Hapchan terranes (the latter hosting kimberlites of the eastern Anabar shield) supports the Paleoproterozoic assembly and stabilization of these units in the Siberian craton and the supercontinent Columbia. The abundance of Archean zircons in the Hapchan terrane reflects the input of an ancient source other than the Birekte terrane and addresses the evolution of the terrane to west (Magan and Daldyn terranes of the Anabar shield). The present study has also revealed the oldest known remnant of the Anabar shield crust, whose 3.62 Ga age is similar to that of another ancient domain of Siberia, the Aldan shield. The first Hf isotope data for the Anabar shield coupled with the U–Pb systematics indicate three stages of crustal growth (Paleoproterozoic, Neoarchean and Paleoarchean) and two stages of the intensive crustal recycling in the Paleoproterozoic and Neoarchean. Intensive reworking of the existing crust at 2.5–2.8 Ga and 1.8–2.1 Ga is interpreted to provide evidence for the assembly of Columbia. The oldest Hf model age estimation provides a link to Early Eoarchean (3.7–3.95 Ga) and possibly to Hadean crust. Hence, some of the Archean cratonic segments of the Siberian craton could be remnants of the Earth's earliest continental crust. 相似文献
20.
中天山基底与塔里木克拉通的构造亲缘性问题涉及中亚大地构造单元的划分,倍受学术界关注.在诸多学者的研究基础上,特别是塔里木北缘物质成分和年代学成果基础上,通过区域地质调查,对托克逊县干沟与和静县阿拉沟两地的前南华纪地层序列及其岩石组合进行了专门研究,并筛选出4件浅变质砂岩样品做碎屑锆石U-Pb测年研究,获得165组年龄数据.结果表明,发育在中天山地区的前南华纪地层序列、岩石组合、地层接触关系、沉积环境与塔里木北缘的基本一致,可比性好,揭示了二者之间密切的构造亲缘性.其Th/U比值密集分布在0.4～4.0,表明岩浆锆石占绝大多数.锆石U-Pb测年产生了4个年龄峰值,分别为950Ma、1 550Ma、1 920Ma和2 480Ma,表明中天山较好地保存了元古代的4次重大构造-岩浆活动信息.这些年龄峰值在塔里木陆块均有对应岩浆体的发育,也与塔里木周缘的前寒武纪年龄谱吻合,进一步佐证了中天山基底与塔里木克拉通曾经是一个统一块体的认识.结合区域构造分析,认为中天山陆块是在南华纪以来,逐渐从塔里木克拉通拉张裂离出来的;伴随早古生代天山洋的俯冲,一个奥陶纪-志留纪火山弧发育在这个裂离的中天山陆块之上. 相似文献