共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 625 毫秒
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Using the Relative Operating Characteristic to Quantify Certainty in Prediction of Location of Land Cover Change in India 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
This paper describes a methodology by which modelers, ecologists and planners can quantify the certainty in predicting the location of change for a given quantity of change. The specification of the quantity of a land cover category and the specification of the location of a land cover category are two distinct fundamental concepts in geographical analysis. It is crucial that scientists have appropriate quantitative tools to analyze each of these two concepts independently of one another. This paper gives methods whereby a scientist can convert a map of relative propensity for disturbance to a map of probability of future disturbance, based on a quantifiable validation of a map's predictive ability. The required inputs are: (1) maps that show a Boolean categorical variable at times 0, 1 and 2, (2) a technique to create a map that shows the relative propensity for membership in the Boolean category, and (3) a predicted proportion of the category at time 3. 相似文献
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利用社交媒体用户的历史签到数据分析用户空间活动偏好实现用户兴趣区域推荐,在城市商业规划中起着重要作用,也为了解人们的城市生活和需求提供帮助。已有方法获得的ROI具有模糊性和多样性,无法给ROI赋予准确的地理描述信息,对用户来说可解释性不强。因此,本文提出了一种结合城市街区和签到数据的个性化兴趣区域推荐方法(CBCD),引入城市街区概念解决ROI边界模糊问题。首先,通过城市道路网生成城市街区,并将大规模签到数据映射到城市街区转换为区域签到;然后,基于区域签到对用户空间活动偏好和类别偏好分别进行个性化建模;最后,融合空间和类别活动偏好,向用户推荐其可能感兴趣的区域。在真实的数据集上进行试验,结果表明该方法具有较高的推荐精度,对用户感兴趣城市街区的挖掘和推荐具有一定的价值。 相似文献
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ZHANG Jingxiong Roger P.Kirby 《地球空间信息科学学报》2000,3(2):26-34
1 ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＣａｔｅｇｏｒｉｃａｌｍａｐｓｒｅｐｒｅｓｅｎｔａｎｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｔｙｐｅｏｆｄａｔａｉｎｃｏｒｐｏｒａｔｅｄｉｎＧＩＳｓ,ｗｈｉｃｈｄｅｐｉｃｔｓｐａｔｉａｌｄｉｓ ｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｏｎｓｉｎｆｏｒｍｏｆｅｘｈａｕｓｔｉｖｅ,ｎｏｎ＿ｏｖｅｒｌａｐｐｉｎｇａｒｅａｌｕｎｉｔｓｓｅｐａｒａｔｅｄｂｙｂｏｕｎｄａｒｙｌｉｎｅｓ.Ａｎａｓｓｕｍｐ ｔｉｏｎｕｎｄｅｒｌｙｉｎｇｃｏｎｖｅｎｔｉｏｎａｌｃａｔｅｇｏｒｉｃａｌｍａｐｐｉｎｇｉｓｔｈｅｏｂｊｅｃｔ＿ｂａｓｅｄｖｉｅｗ… 相似文献
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模糊类别制图的空间统计学方法 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
类别地图是地理信息系统（ＧＩＳ）应用中所利用的重要数据类别。这类数据可以从摄影测量和遥感技术得到。用摄影测量方法（影像判读）制作的类别地图常以点、线和多边形的离散目标形式描述,而遥感图像分类方法输出的类别地图以连通光栅块形式表达。不论哪一种情况,在每一个多边形或者光栅块（即制图单元）中仅允许单一类别,边界内部非均匀性和模糊形已经被“过滤”了。这样的类别地图沿用了古曲脆集合论,因为每个制图单元只允许 相似文献
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针对类型地图,在介绍已有空间相关关系分析方法的基础上,给出一种计算空间相关关系的简便方法,其基本思想是用现实分布与随机分布下相对重叠度的差异来表达类型之间的相关程度;同时还讨论了位置不确定性对类型地图空间相关关系的影响.实验表明,该方法能够有效表达类型地图之间的整体空间相关和局部空间相关. 相似文献
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Transmission and visualization of large geographical maps 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Liqiang Zhang Liang ZhangYingchao Ren Zhifeng Guo 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2011,66(1):73-80
Transmission and visualization of large geographical maps have become a challenging research issue in GIS applications. This paper presents an efficient and robust way to simplify large geographical maps using frame buffers and Voronoi diagrams. The topological relationships are kept during the simplification by removing the Voronoi diagram’s self-overlapped regions. With the simplified vector maps, we establish different levels of detail (LOD) models of these maps. Then we introduce a client/server architecture which integrates our out-of-core algorithm, progressive transmission and rendering scheme based on computer graphics hardware. The architecture allows the viewers to view different regions interactively at different LODs on the network. Experimental results show that our proposed scheme provides an effective way for powerful transmission and manipulation of large maps. 相似文献
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地图学是一门经过数千年的演进发展形成的科学,地图(地图集)是地图科学研究的主阵地,是任何时代和社会都不可或缺的,对人们的工作、学习和生活具有重要作用和意义。首先,简要论述了地图学作为一门科学的社会实践和科学实践的演进发展规律,以及地图集的特点;然后,从哲学角度分析与论述了地图是怎样重构复杂非线性地理世界的(实现由"地理世界"到"地图世界"的转变),人们是怎样利用地图进一步认识复杂非线性地理世界的(实现由"地图世界"到"地理世界"的转变),提出了基于传感器网络的由"感知的地理世界"到"重构的地理世界"再到"认知的地理世界"、指导行动并反馈信息的"双向"转变的认知模式;最后,论述了地图集作为重构复杂非线性地理世界的"百科全书"的作用,举例说明了中国改革开放以来地图集的快速发展和水平的大幅提升,并阐明人工智能时代中国地图集成果将比以往任何时候都更加兴旺发达,地图集作为人们进一步认知复杂非线性地理世界的"百科全书"的功能作用将比以往任何时候都更加强大。 相似文献
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Ionuţ Iosifescu Enescu Nadia H. Panchaud Magnus Heitzler Cristina M. Iosifescu Enescu Lorenz Hurni 《The Cartographic journal》2013,50(2):125-136
AbstractMercator depicted Croatia on several general maps. In accordance with the level of geographical knowledge, map scales and technical possibilities of the time, Mercator provided a relatively detailed depiction of basic geographical features on these maps. His interest in mapping Croatia was probably motivated by the fact that the Venetian Republic, the Habsburg Monarchy and the Ottoman Empire had fought over this area in the sixteenth century, contributing to the fragmentation of the medieval Croatian State, while at the same time facilitating economic, religious, linguistic, artistic and scientific communication between Central, South East and Mediterranean Europe. Mercator paid special attention to toponyms that enabled geographical objects to be identified and the decoding of cartographic contents. Research into Mercator’s maps has shown that geographical names, among other things, clearly indicate the sources of spatial data that he used. Additionally, geographical names on Mercator’s maps are significant indicators of the linguistic and cultural contacts that were particularly prominent in border areas, for example, along the eastern Adriatic coast, or the courses of the Danube, Sava and Drava. 相似文献
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Historical maps are effective sources of geographical information and useful for historical and territorial research. In this study, the examination of landscape dynamics on the basis of historical maps over a period of more than 200 years was conducted. The study area is Sorrento peninsula and part of the near Sarno river basin in South Italy. This study provides a general framework for the assessment of the overall quality and accuracy of historical maps. The application of the methodology used in this specific case study can contribute to a better understanding of the dynamics of the landscape in the long term. The derived knowledge can be applied in the planning of the landscape in order to implement correct conservation strategies. The comparison was made on four maps 1817, 1875, 1960, and 2006. Geodetic accuracy of the sheet maps of 1817 and 1875 offer a right basis for a macro analysis of land cover dynamics, evaluating conversion from one land cover category to another. Main transformation, identified in the period between 1875 and 1960, was the disappearance of vineyards, which covered 25% of the total study area in 1875. Agricultural areas increased in this period to cover 57% of the total area. 相似文献
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For regulating urban growth, it is imperative to produce urban growth zonation maps, in which future urbanizable areas along with their urban growth potential are delineated. As, these maps provide a rational and scientific basis for taking future decisions regarding the growth of the city. The conventional approach for generating urban growth zonation maps is subjective in nature. To reduce this subjectivity, an artificial neural network (ANN) approach has been proposed for generating urban growth zonation maps. The database required for ANN-based urban growth zonation has been compiled from remote sensing data and other existing maps. GIS is used for handling of this spatial data. A comparison of the ANN- and conventional approach-derived zonation maps was also done. The study demonstrated the potential of ANN for urban growth zonation of an area, which may provide a valuable input to the urban planning authorities for regulating urban growth 相似文献
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《The Cartographic journal》2013,50(1):21-26
AbstractThe spatially discontinuous choropleth map is a poor representation of the underlying continuous distribution of population density. A possible alternative is to derive dasymetric maps at a fine spatial resolution by making use of satellite imagery in a geographical information system. However, there are cartographic problems when these maps are displayed and further processing is needed in order to obtain approximations to a continuous density surface. Isarithmic maps of these density surfaces retain a high degree of spatial accuracy while providing pleasing and highly adaptable presentations.The methods used to generate dasymetric and isarithmic maps are readily implemented in most raster based geographical information systems. For example, the classification of remotely sensed imagery, the subsequent processing and integration of data, and most of the cartographic display, were all undertaken in this work using the low cost IDRISI GIS that operates on standard IBM PC compatible hardware. 相似文献
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Discriminant space defining area classes is an important conceptual construct for uncertainty characterization in area-class maps.Discriminant models were promoted as they can enhance consistency in area-class mapping and replicability in error modeling.As area classes are rarely completely separable in empirically realized discriminant space,where class inseparabil-ity becomes more complicated for change categorization,we seek to quantify uncertainty in area classes(and change classes)due to measurement errors and semantic discrepancy separately and hence assess their relative margins objectively.Experiments using real datasets were carried out,and a Bayesian method was used to obtain change maps.We found that there are large differences be-tween uncertainty statistics referring to data classes and information classes.Therefore,uncertainty characterization in change categorization should be based on discriminant modeling of measurement errors and semantic mismatch analysis,enabling quanti-fication of uncertainty due to partially random measurement errors,and systematic categorical discrepancies,respectively. 相似文献
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Manuel Morato-Moreno 《The Cartographic journal》2018,55(1):3-15
In the last third of the sixteenth century, the Spanish Crown launched a project to create a map of the New World. Regional maps would be obtained, which, referenced through a system of meridians and parallel arcs, would comprise a complete map of the continent. The mechanism devised for this purpose was that of surveys, known as the Relaciones Geográficas (Geographic Relations). Each town would be sent a questionnaire with more than 50 questions that should also be completed with a map of the region. The majority of these maps, known as pinturas, lacked field measurements, and therefore also lacked both scale and geographical coordinates. Only a few cases were created following the standards of European cartography. Among these are the maps made by Francisco Gali. In this paper, we study the map of Tlacotalpa, one of the first examples of local nautical charting in Latin America. 相似文献