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1.
V. S. Singh 《Environmental Geology》1999,38(2):168-170
Estimation of aquifer parameters is vital for the assessment of groundwater potential and groundwater flow regime. On an
oceanic island where fresh water lens is fragile and sensitive to various stresses, it is even more essential that in order
to assess the potential of fresh water lens and the effect of various stresses on the fresh groundwater regime the parameters
should be representative to the field hydrogeological set up. Pumping tests conducted on existing large diameter wells on
an oceanic island have been analyzed. A finite difference method has been used to take into account the well storage, partial
penetration and upconing effect into the aquifer. Forward modeling has been carried out to estimate aquifer parameters from
the pumping test data. Field examples are described.
Received: 15 June 1998 · Accepted: 25 August 1998 相似文献
2.
Olocenic alluvial aquifer of the River Cornia coastal plain (southern Tuscany, Italy): database design for groundwater management 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
P. Barazzuoli M. Bouzelboudjen S. Cucini L. Kiraly P. Menicori M. Salleolini 《Environmental Geology》1999,39(2):123-143
Hydrogeological research is in progress, utilizing GIS methods, with the principal aim of modelling the Olocenic alluvial
aquifer of the River Cornia coastal plain (southern Tuscany, Italy), which has been exploited for drinking water, irrigation,
and industrial uses. A consequence of exploitation has been the appearance of wide seawater intrusion. The alluvial aquifer
has recently been subjected to new well fields for the supply of drinking water, with an increase of total average discharge
of about 4×106 m3/year. This paper presents results obtained from updating and integrating basic knowledge and structuring the database. The
hydrogeological study allowed the recognition of the extension of areas that are characterized by a hydraulic head under the
sea level, the progressive salinization of the aquifer, and the increase of water deficit in the aquifer which is produced
by a progressive extraction of water superior to the natural recharge. In addition, benefits and disadvantages resulting from
the location of new well fields in a hydrogeologically favourable zone, and the boundary conditions for much of the area studied
have been defined. The GIS was used as support for making and updating the tabular and spatial database with the aim of integrating
the local and regional hydrogeological knowledge. This study will permit the realization of a numerical simulation of the
groundwater flow of the aquifer aimed at correcting the management of water resources, by means of the GIS-modelling integration.
Received: 23 June 1998 · Accepted: 16 November 1998 相似文献
3.
Nihat Dipova 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2009,59(3):547-560
Cliff erosion and the consequent instabilities present a significant risk to Antalya city (SW-Turkey). Erosional processes
include the chemical action of mixing zone water, the mechanical action of waves, salt erosion and biological degradation.
The rock properties (lithology, stratification, strength, etc.) are the controlling factors to this erosion. The coastal cliffs
of Antalya are composed of tufa type carbonate rocks which occur in a wide range, from collapsible soil to hard rock. The
instability problems of the cliffs of Antalya tufa commonly involve: rock fall, cave collapse, raveling, washout of weakly
lithified tufa, shear failure and secondary toppling. Secondary toppling type instabilities, Culmann type failures and complex
failures, a combination of these two, are widespread on the cliffs. The occurrence of large failures are usually associated
with heavy rainfall as heavy rainfall causes the saturation of pores, increases pore water pressures and reduces the strength
of the rock. Comparison between aerial photographs and topographic maps of different dates, do not provide evidence of considerable
retreat. According to the historical data there has been little or no cliff retreat for 2,000 years. Therefore the erosion
rate of the Antalya tufa cliffs is said to be so very slow that retreat is valid only in a geological timescale. However in
an engineering timescale these cliffs are subjected to instabilities and to local failures causing local retreats. 相似文献
4.
V. S. Singh V. Krishnan M. R. K. Sarma C. P. Gupta R. L. Dhar 《Environmental Geology》1999,37(1-2):90-95
Detailed hydrogeological studies in a granitic micro-watershed have been carried out to determine the extent, behavior, and
characteristics of the aquifer. The study includes analysis of lithologs, drill time log, pumping tests, and slug tests. Realistic
field conditions have been taken into account for characterizing the aquifer system. Slug tests were carried out to estimate
aquifer parameters at the wells which could not sustain pumping.
Received: 20 November 1997 · Accepted: 23 February 1998 相似文献
5.
The Lubin Głogów copper district (lgom) is in an area of copper mining, where ore is mined at a depth of 600–1200 m below
surface. Mine dewatering directly influences W-1 limestone aquifer of Permian (Zechstein) age and indirectly impacts a Triassic
sandstone aquifer as well as water-bearing sediments interbeded with the coals. The prediction of groundwater inflow into
mines has been performed using methods of mathematical modelling. In succeeding steps of the approach, the scheme of the hydrogeological
framework was changed starting from the one-layer model up to the four-layer model. The evolution of this hydrogeological
schematization is presented in this paper. The latest scheme characterizes such levels of details that allows the following
predictions: (1) expansion of depression in all aquifers is influenced by dewatering, (2) the widest extent of depression
is in the southern direction, (3) groundwater inflow to the Lubin and Rudna mines will remain at the same level, while the
inflow to the Polkowice mine will increase by 25%. Reliable prediction can be achieved by incorporating the entire recharge
and drainage area characteristics of the aquifer influenced by mine dewatering into the model.
Received: 7 March 1998 · Accepted: 7 December 1998 相似文献
6.
The SW Antalya Complex is an assemblage of Mesozoic carbonate platform, margin and ophiolitic rocks which record the formation and tectonic emplacement of a small Mesozoic ocean basin. The late Cretaceous ophiolitic rocks are located at two localities, namely the relatively intact Tekirova ophiolite to the east of Kemer zone and the dismembered Gödene ophiolite to the west of Kemer zone. The Tekirova (Antalya) ophiolite comprises harzburgitic tectonites, ultramafic to mafic cumulates, isotropic gabbros and sheeted dikes. Numerous isolated dikes, ranging in thickness from 5 cm to 10 m, intruded the crustal rocks at different structural levels. The isotropic gabbros are represented by gabbro, diorite and quartz diorite rocks with granular to ophitic–subophitic textures. The isolated dikes are characterized by dolerite, diabase and microdiorite with ophitic, intersertal and microgranular textures. These rocks exhibit tholeiitic to alkaline compositions. New geochemical data presented in this paper from the isolated dikes and isotropic gabbros suggest that there are three main types of parental basic magmas that form the oceanic crustal rocks of the Tekirova (Antalya) ophiolite. These are (1) IAT series which can be referred to the Group I isolated dikes and isotropic gabbros; (2) low-Ti boninitic series characterized by the Group II isolated dike and isotropic gabbros; and (3) OIB-type including the Group III isotropic gabbros. The geochemical evidence suggests that the crustal rocks of the Tekirova (Antalya) ophiolite were generated from a progressive source depletion from island arc tholeiites (IAT) to boninites. Therefore, a fore-arc tectonic setting seems likely for the generation of the crustal rocks from the Tekirova (Antalya) ophiolite in the southern branch of Neotethys during the Late Cretaceous. The OIB-type alkaline isotropic gabbros are thought to have resulted from either (1) a late-stage magmatic activity fed by melts that originated within an asthenospheric window due to slab break-off or (2) subduction of a ridge system which generated OIB source across the asthenospheric window that has been no influence of fluids from the subducted slab into the overlying mantle wedge, shortly before the emplacement of the Tekirova (Antalya) ophiolite onto the Tauride platform. 相似文献
7.
The demand for water by growing populations and agricultural operations in the Antalya urban area is expected to increase significantly in the near future. For that reason, alternative water sources are important to the future of Antalya. There are a large number of water sources around Antalya to meet the water needs of the city. These are classified as surface water, groundwater, and reclaimed water. One of the options considered is the provision of water from rock pores. Rock pore water has been adopted as a potential alternative for water resources in the area. It is proposed to drill horizontal galleries using the microtunnel machine to the rock masses in carbonate aquifers to obtain new water resources. This study presents a useful method to find water supply alternatives for urban areas like Antalya. In this study, karstified rock masses have been evaluated for the karst hydrosystems and water source from rock pores using geographic information systems and analytical hierarchy process. Additionally, this study discusses the practical value of the provision of water from rock pores, as well as the possibility of application and selection of potential areas. 相似文献
8.
针对因地热水位动态资料不足而导致的水量计算结果偏离实际的状况，以天津地热田雾迷山组热储层为例，建立了利用放射性同位素^14C资料进行地热水量计算的有限混合网络模型，并利用1998—2001年的水位、水量及^14C资料进行了模型的识别，得到了有效孔隙度和弹性释水率等水文地质参数，利用所建立的模型及水文地质参数计算了地热水的储存量及补给量。研究表明，地热水的开采主要是消耗弹性储量。 相似文献
9.
A palaeomagnetic study has been carried out within the Mesozoic and Tertiary units of the relatively autochthonous carbonate platforms and the allochthonous deep-sea volcanics and sediments of the Antalya Complex, exposed around the Isparta angle, SW Turkey. The Antalya Complex is interpreted as a mosaic of carbonate platforms, basinal sediments, volcanic and ophiolitic rocks which formed within a southerly strand of the Neotethyan ocean, adjacent to Gondwana.
The results indicate a widespread remagnetisation event. Negative fold tests show that the remanence at most sites is of secondary origin (e.g., within the çirali lavas). The magnetisation is carried by magnetite of presumed authigenic origin. The remagnetisation event is believed to have occurred in the Early-Middle Miocene (Burdigalian-Langhian). It was possibly triggered by the migration of orogenic fluids ahead of the advancing Lycian nappes during their emplacement onto the carbonate platforms.
Subsequent to remagnetisation, a large segment of the Isparta angle underwent an anticlockwise rotation of 30°. This rotation is attributed to the overall convergence and bending of the Hellenic arc and the final stages of emplacement of the Lycian Nappes during the Late Miocene, in agreement with previous studies.
Previously, southerly palaeolatitudes were inferred from Late Triassic extrusives of the Gödene Zone ( albali Dag unit). The post-folding magnetisation identified here within the Çirali lavas of the Gödene Zone to the south implies that these low palaeolatitudes result from the inappropriate application of structural tilt corrections. The available data cannot be used to substantiate an origin for the Antalya units south of the equator in the early Mesozoic. Instead, a position close to the northern margin of Gondwana is indicated. 相似文献
10.
为提高应用地球物理方法划分含水层的准确性,提出将音频大地电磁法与核磁共振法结合运用的综合方法。运用该方法在内蒙古巴彦宝力格盆地某区开展野外试验,并将试验结果与该区域供水水文地质详查报告中的水文地质剖面图进行了比对。结果表明：①试验区100 m深度范围内,该方法所揭示的含水层深度、厚度分布与水文地质剖面图基本一致;②据该方法,介质岩性为泥岩、粉质黏土、粉土、气孔状玄武岩和砂砾时,其衰减时间分别为≤30、30～60、60～120、120～260和260～600 ms,据此得到的介质岩性分布与水文地质剖面图高度吻合;③该方法得到的含水层含水量变化与水文地质剖面图的涌水量变化规律一致。因此,运用该方法划分含水层具有很强的可行性,在生产实践中具有推广价值。 相似文献
11.
利用淮南市朱集东矿井新生界松散层供水水文地质勘探成果和抽水试验资料,查明了区内新生界松散层供水含水层的供水水文地质条件,认为第一含水层埋藏浅,易受污染,水量随季节变化大,不宜作为生活饮用水供水水源,第三含水层水质较差,亦不作为生活饮用水供水水源,确定了第二含水层为矿区主要供水层位。采用解析法对第二含水层的水量进行了计算,并设计了布井方案,计算了井群水量;水位预报结果表明,开采50a后,3#、4#井中的水位最大降深为35.229m,小于其顶板埋深,说明拟建井群布置是合适的。评价结果为矿井供水设计提供了依据。 相似文献
12.
The definition and inventory of the upper units of the Antalya Nappes or “Calcareous Antalya Nappes” (CAN) are still a matter of controversies and often conflicting interpretations. In the Gedeller type locality, we logged a new succession that sheds light on the detailed stratigraphy of the Upper Antalya Nappes. The lower part of the series corresponds to the uppermost part of the Kemer Gorge Nappe and is overthrust by the Ordovician Seydişehir Formation of the Tahtalı Dağ Nappe. The newly described Gedeller Formation belongs to the Kemer Gorge Nappe and is represented by Campanian (Upper Cretaceous) Scaglia-type pelagic limestones, which yielded radiolarians of the Amphipyndax pseudoconulus Zone. It is demonstrated that the “Calcareous Antalya Nappes” are composed of three different nappes, the Kemer Gorge, Bakırlı and the Tahtalı Dağ nappes, all of them belonging to the Upper Antalya Nappes system. 相似文献
13.
The cenozoic aquifer system of the Lower Tagus Basin: a description of the hydrogeological situation in the Almada region (Portugal) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Maria Manuela Malhado Simões Ribeiro 《Hydrogeology Journal》2009,17(4):999-1009
A conceptual hydrogeological model of the Mio-Pleistocene deposits in the Almada region, located in the Cenozoic aquifer system of the Lower Tagus Basin (Portugal), has been developed. Though numerous studies have been conducted on its geological features, there have not been enough hydrogeological investigations to define the origin, flow path and the groundwater quality and to understand the coexistence of overlapped interacting aquifers. Therefore, a study is presented here on the occurrences and features of groundwater resources in the Almada region based on an inventory in the field (wells, springs and boreholes), physical and chemical analyses, geologic setting, and tectonic and geomorphologic observations. This aquifer system has long been a source of concern because of the high level of extraction over the last few decades, as well as the progressive degradation of the water quality. Available groundwater resources have been affected by intensive agricultural and industrial activity, as a consequence of incorrect or non-existent hydrogeological knowledge. 相似文献
14.
The main aquifer coal seam within the Ordos Basin (OB) coalfield, China, is an extremely rare example of a hydrogeological feature that is found relatively recently during basin development. Mine water gushed from this coal seam during the construction and production phases of the coalfield. However, because this seam has traditionally been considered as an aquifuge, the special geological conditions it creates have led to a range of new challenges in mine water disaster prevention, control, and management as characteristics of both confined and unconfined aquifers are evident. The aim of this paper is to reveal the causes underlying the formation of this main aquifer coal seam by analyzing hydrodynamic conditions, hydrogeological structures, and the surrounding lithological association. In addition, the particular geological conditions created by the presence of this feature are discussed, with emphasis on their influences on mine construction and production. This study provides an important theoretical basis for the future study of mine water disaster prevention as well as a potential method for disaster control that can be applied in the case of particular hydrogeological conditions. 相似文献
15.
Groundwater flow rate and contaminant migration in fissure-karstic aquifer of Opole Triassic system southwest Poland 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This paper presents hydrogeological problems occurring during municipal water exploitation and mine dewatering. These activities
result in groundwater quantity and quality changes in the fissure-karstic aquifer. Increase of nitrate concentration up to
12 mg NNO3/l due to intensive fertilizer use, and high tritium concentration, show water system impact up to 100 m depth. Intensive
water exploitation produces large cones of depression with over 40-m water-level depletion in the Opole region. Flow rates
of major components and isotopes have been verified by chemical migration history. Some aspects of the protection policy of
this type of aquifer are also discussed.
Received: 7 March 1997 · Accepted: 17 November 1998 相似文献
16.
查找垂直导水通道的水文地质试验方法 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
华北型煤田下伏的奥灰岩溶裂隙含水层,通过垂直导水构造与煤系含水层发生水力联系。这些垂直导水通道隐伏性强、横断面有限,用常规的水文地质勘探方法难以查找。在开滦、肥城等矿区,选择位于最下部可采煤层和奥灰之间的某一含水层作为“中间指示含水层”,在其中寻找反映下部水源补给含水层性质的“水文地质异常区”,通过放水试验,进一步缩小其范围,查明了３个垂直导水构造。以上实例说明在水文地质条件类似的大水矿区,应用此 相似文献
17.
陇东盆地水资源短缺,严重制约着经济发展,近年来探明白垩系洛河组地层赋存巨厚深层地下淡水。含水层水文地质参数的求解是深层地下水资源评价的关键,用抽水试验确定深层承压含水层水文地质参数是水文地质勘查研究的一项重要的内容。根据单孔、多孔、干扰抽水试验资料,采用稳定流、非稳定流多种方法求解陇东盆地深层含水层水文地质参数,避免了单一方法的偶然性、随意性,计算结果可信。最后探讨了抽水试验场地水文地质条件与所选取公式理论条件的差异对计算结果的影响。 相似文献
18.
基于井下放水试验的矿井疏降量预测评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
井下放水试验作为特殊的水文地质试验,克服了地面抽水试验存在的不利条件,有着十分重要的实践和理论意义。为了探查双柳煤矿太原组灰岩含水层的水文地质条件,通过两次井下放水试验取得的相关水文地质参数,控制了太灰含水层的动态流场。基于井下放水试验取得的水文地质条件信息,利用Visual MODFLOW三维数值模拟软件,建立放水试验期间反映模拟区太灰地下水分布、储存及其时空变化规律的参数模型;根据拟定的预测方案,对太灰含水层的疏降涌水量进行预测。通过本次工作,对双柳井田下一阶段进行疏干降压,减少太灰含水层对上组煤（4#煤层）开采的威胁,同时为下组煤（8＋9#煤）开采提供疏降方式和水文地质依据。 相似文献
19.
利用电测深成果(含水层电阻率或地层因素)估算含水层渗透系数的问题,前人已做了很多工作[1,2].作者针对安阳市安阳河北水源地电测深资料的解释和水文地质勘察成果,提出采用电测深K型曲线极大值计算水文地质参数的方法,建立了ρs max～K之间的4种回归分析模型.结果表明,K与ρs max存在对数相关关系.经计算的成果图件(K、T等值线图)对评价该区水文地质条件,估算单井涌水量及水井位置选择等都具有十分重要的实用价值. 相似文献
20.
Complex flow circulation patterns are likely to be present in fault‐controlled groundwater flow systems, such as carbonate aquifers. Nevertheless, not much information is available for faults in carbonates, and their hydrogeological behaviour is often neglected in conceptual and numerical models. The understanding of this aspect of subsurface fluid flow has been improved in a carbonate aquifer, where hydrogeological investigations at site scale demonstrated the existence of fault zones that act as barriers. The hydraulic conductivity of the fault core is as low as that of siliciclastic rocks that represent the regional aquitard of the carbonate aquifer. Despite the lower permeability, the fault zones allow a significant groundwater flowthrough and a good interdependence of piezometric heads upgradient and downgradient of the faults. Because of this discontinuous heterogeneity, the aquifer looks like a basins‐in‐series system, where seasonal springs can be detected along some fault zones, as a function of groundwater level fluctuations. 相似文献