共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
1.
高土石坝坝坡稳定非线性分析 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
在高应力状态下堆石料的抗剪强度具有明显的非线性。强度非线性有指数和对数两种描述形式。对几座高土石坝的坝坡稳定分析表明，使用对数形式的非线性强度准则得到的坝坡计算安全系数比按线性强度准则计算的安全系数要高。现行规范所规定的许可安全系数，是与许多年的大量的用偏低的线性强度所作的稳定计算相适应的，偏于保守，改用非线性强度后应作适当的提高，对其提高的程度进行了统计分析，并给出了用非线性强度指标稳定分析时安全系数取值标准的建议值。 相似文献
2.
分别采用线性、非线性强度指标,对几座典型高堆石坝边坡进行稳定计算,并分析了计算结果产生差异的内在原因;认为粗粒土坝坡最危险滑弧位置较浅,低围压区的抗剪强度特性才是决定坝坡是否稳定的关键。在国内外多个堆石坝料强度统计资料基础上,认为De Mello幂函数强度准则更合理地反映不同应力范围抗剪强度的非线性特征;通过拟定不同坝高、坡比的坝坡进行稳定计算,确定了土石坝不同坝高潜在最危险滑块的工作应力范围,并建议了基于该应力范围的线性强度指标取值,其边坡稳定分析最小安全系数与非线性强度指标的计算值基本相当。 相似文献
3.
高聚物胶凝堆石料静力特性试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采取加固措施可提高土体抗剪强度、减小变形等。采用聚氨酯高聚物胶凝堆石料加固土石坝以改良堆石料强度、变形特性。开展了聚氨酯胶凝堆石料三轴剪切试验研究,结果表明：聚氨酯胶凝堆石料偏应力-轴向应变曲线具有明显的非线性,抗剪强度提高;采用抛物线拟合偏应力-轴向应变曲线,可反映其应变软化和应变硬化,并得到初始弹性模量随聚氨酯含量的提高而提高;聚氨酯泡沫填充堆石颗粒间孔隙并将堆石颗粒黏结在一起,减少颗粒破碎、颗粒重排列,使堆石料剪缩特征减弱,当聚氨酯含量高时表现出剪胀;聚氨酯增加了堆石料准黏聚力,对内摩擦角无明显影响。通过有限元方法对堆石坝变形和稳定性进行分析,结果表明,聚氨酯加固堆石坝可减少边坡浅层滑动,增大滑弧深度,提高坝坡稳定安全系数。 相似文献
4.
地震工况下坝坡的抗滑安全系数取值标准研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
地震工况下的坝坡抗滑稳定性核算一直是大坝安全性评价的重要环节,采用科学合理的计算方法是评价坝坡安全性的基本保证。本文从概率极限分析的角度探讨了坝坡稳定性可靠度分析的概率意义,提出了将地震发生当做概率事件的坝坡可靠度计算方法。为验证将地震超越概率纳入坝坡稳定分析中的合理性,本文通过两个典型算例和小浪底坝坡典型剖面的抗滑稳定性分析研究了坝坡在地震工况下的单一安全系数与可靠指标的变化规律。研究结果表明在坝坡稳定分析中引入超越概率计算所得结果与工程实际相符,与以往的将地震发生当做确定性事件计算方法相比,该方法显著提高了坝坡的可靠指标值;比较可靠指标与单一安全系数的取值标准显示出在坝坡稳定分析中合理地引入地震概率分析方法能够保证坝坡在地震和正常工况下有相近的可靠指标值 相似文献
5.
挖方边坡设计的目标是确定设计安全系数下的坡角和坡高,设计边坡是安全系数大于1的稳定边坡,不存在滑面,搜索的目的是寻找与设计安全系数相等的最小剪应比（面）。提出一种非常简单的指数型曲线搜索法,可搜索存在地下水的均质坡设计最小安全系数与其相应的坡角或坡高。从坡肩向外,进行等步长点搜索通过坡趾的曲线族。在每一点、指数由1逐渐增大变动指数曲线,对曲线与坡面线间的坡体进行条分,把每个条块底面抗剪强度与剪应力分解为水平与垂直分力,根据平行力系可移动原理,求各条块抗剪强度与剪应力的水平分力与垂直分力的合力,然后计算该曲线剪应比面的抗剪强度与剪应力,得到该剪应比面的剪应比,逐点对剪应比大小进行比较,搜索出曲线族的最小剪应比,直到通过某点的指数曲线的最小剪应比等于设计安全系数为止。通过3个算例与其他方法计算结果进行对比,表明这一方法的有效性具有实用价值,提出边坡设计应以最小安全系数为主要参照标准。 相似文献
6.
水位骤降时的非饱和坝坡稳定分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
从非饱和土抗剪强度理论出发,应用极限平衡法和以有限元应力计算为基础的极限平衡法,分别对库水位骤降时的坝坡稳定进行了计算。分析中采用非饱和-非稳定渗流理论,模拟了孔隙水压力的消散过程,并考虑基质吸力对土体抗剪强度的影响,将每个渗流分析结果调入稳定分析模块计算其稳定性。最后将两类极限平衡法稳定分析结果进行了比较,结果表明,库水位的骤降,易引起坝坡的滑动,随着超静孔隙水压力的消散,坝坡稳定性逐渐提高;随着孔压消散,基质吸力对抗剪强度的贡献增大。 相似文献
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8.
考虑饱和-非饱和渗流的土坡极限分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
给出了均质土坝的下游坝坡的安全系数的计算方法。均质土坝的下游坝坡有可能会通过滑裂面发生破坏。土坝中的土坡通常处于非饱和状态。非饱和土坡的安全系数计算需要考虑吸力对抗剪强度的贡献以及土坡中的非饱和渗流。给出处于饱和-非饱和渗流状态下的土坡的安全系数,有助于评价均质土坝的安全系数。下游坝坡的安全系数计算方法有：极限平衡法、上限解法和下限解法,该算法适用于非饱和土坡,且是在饱和土坡安全系数的计算方法上修正得到的。算例中非饱和土坡安全系数的计算考虑了吸力对抗剪强度的贡献。考虑非饱和渗流理论的土坡安全系数计算方法通常更加接近现场实际情况,并且对于同一坝坡,考虑非饱和渗流计算出的土坡安全系数要比饱和渗流理论计算出的安全系数大。 相似文献
9.
基于极限分析的上限定理,提出一种土石坝极限抗震分析的新方法。该方法假定土体为理想刚塑性材料且满足相关联流动准则,将土石坝坡滑动体划分为若干水平土条,计算各滑动土条的外功率与内能耗散,然后通过能量平衡条件,利用优化算法确定土石坝的极限抗震能力。运用所提方法,对一典型心墙土石坝进行极限抗震能力分析,研究了水平条分数以及抗剪强度参数对极限抗震能力影响。计算结果表明,水平条分数对滑裂面形状影响较大而对大坝极限抗震能力影响较小。当水平条分数增加到一定数目时大坝极限抗震能力最终趋于一个稳定值。同时,堆石料的抗剪强度对大坝极限抗震能力影响较大。通过与传统的极限平衡法对比,验证了所提方法的正确性与可行性。 相似文献
10.
线性回归抗剪强度指标方法的改进 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
准确计算土体抗剪强度指标的大小对于评估岩土工程的安全性和经济性有十分重要的意义。目前常用线性回归方法来统计抗剪强度指标。通过研究发现,目前使用的线性回归方法在样本容量增加时,得到的标准差和变异系数会随之变小,当样本容量趋于无穷时,计算值会趋于0。因此,现有方法无法反映抗剪强度指标真实的变异性,统计得到的抗剪强度指标可能不准确。对一简单算例以及小浪底心墙防渗料的64组320个三轴试验成果统计验证了这一问题。本文以概率论为基础,提出了考虑因变量变异性的改进加权线性回归方法,其计算结果是稳定的,不随样本容量而变化。使用改进后的方法对算例和小浪底心墙防渗料的抗剪强度指标重新进行了统计,其结果与矩法十分接近,证实了改进方法的正确性和实用性。 相似文献
11.
In this study, upper bound finite element (FE) limit analysis is applied to stability problems of slopes using a nonlinear criterion. After formulating the upper bound analysis as the dual form of a second-order cone programming (SOCP) problem, the stress field and corresponding shear strength parameters can be determined iteratively. Thus, the nonlinear failure criterion is represented by the shear strength parameters associated with stress so that the analysis of slope stability using a nonlinear failure criterion can be transformed into the traditional upper bound method with a linear Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion. Comparison with published solutions illustrates the accuracy and feasibility of the proposed method for a simple homogeneous slope stability problem. The proposed approach is also applied to a seismic stability problem for a rockfill dam to study the influence of different failure criterions on the upper bound solutions. The results show that the seismic stability coefficients obtained using two different nonlinear failure criteria are similar but that the convergence differs significantly. 相似文献
12.
In recent years, many high rockfill dams have been constructed in China for the purpose of hydropower generation. One of the critical aspects of rockfill dam design is the analysis of slope stability. Triaxial compression tests show that the failure envelopes of rockfills are curved and that nonlinear shear strength criteria yield better predictions of the shear strengths of rockfills than the Mohr–Coulomb criterion. Because the determination of shear strength parameters involves uncertainties, a reliability-based methodology was developed for use in evaluating the failure probability of rockfill dam slopes by integrating Bishop’s simplified method, Duncan’s nonlinear strength criterion and the first-order second-moment reliability method presented in this paper. A computer program, SCU-SLIDE, was developed and its outputs validated by comparison with Monte Carlo simulation results. The approach developed was used to study the stability of the Shuang Jiang Kou rockfill embankment dam, which when completed will be the tallest dam in the world. The results of the stability analysis are discussed and conclusions are presented in this paper. 相似文献
13.
结合岩石节理面非线性Barton-Bandis破坏准则,探讨了将Barton-Bandis破坏准则参数转化为线性Mohr-Coulomb破坏准则抗剪强度参数的两种常用方法,通过实例分析了各方法的优劣。推导了加锚单岩石节理面控制的平面滑动岩体边坡抗滑稳定性安全系数计算式,开展了锚固参数分析。研究表明：相对于采用等效线性拟合法或切线等效法获取Mohr-Coulomb抗剪强度参数而言,直接应用Barton-Bandis破坏准则计算节理面控制的岩石边坡稳定性更为直观和简便;随着结构面基本摩擦角、结构面粗糙度系数和结构面壁面有效抗压强度的增大,边坡安全系数逐步提高,且结构面基本摩擦角和粗糙度系数对边坡安全系数的影响程度更为显著;锚索锚固力越大,边坡抗滑稳定性越好,而锚索设置角度越大,边坡抗滑稳定性越低,锚索角度设置不当将明显减小锚固效应的有效性。 相似文献
14.
基于非线性Mohr-Coulomb破坏准则,结合极限分析上限法和拟静力分析法,建立功能方程,推导了地震效应下裂缝边坡的安全系数计算方程。采用数学规划方法,计算了不同参数组合条件下的边坡安全系数值,详细分析了非线性条件下一系列参数对边坡稳定性的影响。研究表明,边坡安全系数随非线性参数和地震效应的增大而减小。对比分析可知,在非线性破坏准则下,裂缝深度较大时,裂缝对边坡稳定性影响显著,且边坡越陡影响越大;当裂缝深度超过某个值后,临界破坏面起始端可能不穿过裂缝最底端,而是从裂缝中间某部位穿过。在地震效应作用下,非线性抗剪强度参数对安全系数影响显著。研究成果进一步完善了裂缝边坡稳定性分析内容,所列图表为边坡的设计与施工提供有益参考。 相似文献
15.
将非线性统一强度理论应用于土石坝边坡稳定分析中,考虑坝体各应力分量包括中间主应力对土质材料强度的影响,以区别于传统土石坝稳定分析中仅考虑剪切和拉伸极限强度的极限平衡法。提出了一个土石坝边坡稳定优化分析模型,并采用最优化遗传算法对土石坝边坡进行断裂面优化搜索。研究表明,统一强度理论中反映中间主应力效应系数值变化对坝体稳定安全系数有显著影响。利用遗传算法对土石坝边坡稳定进行分析时,不必事先假定滑裂面的形状,根据土石坝非线性统一强度理论的剪裂破坏准则进行滑裂面搜索。针对常规最优化方法容易陷入局部最优解的缺陷,基于MATLAB遗传算法工具箱对土石坝边坡稳定性进行分析,分析结果表明,统一强度理论结合遗传算法能克服常规最优化方法在寻优过程中一些缺陷,计算结果更自然合理。 相似文献
16.
P. Ramírez Oyanguren C. Gonzlez Nicieza M.I. lvarez Fernndez C. Gonzlez Palacio 《Engineering Geology》2008,100(3-4):120-130
This paper analyzes the stability of the Llerin rockfill dam using Barton–Kjaernsli's shear criterion. To fit the parameters of this criterion, a direct shear test was designed that allows in situ calculation, using large-size samples of the shear stress at which failure is produced for different normal loads. These experimental values are then used to obtain more reliable values for the friction angle and the equivalent roughness of the rockfill material.The rockfill of Llerin dam is formed by a suitably ground gonfolite limestone rockfill that serves as a contention dam for a lagoon of mine tailings. The experimental results obtained in in situ tests were compared with those predicted by the shear criterion, subsequently determining the safety coefficient of the rockfill dam using the SLOPE computer program. We conclude that the values estimated via in situ testing permit the behaviour of the containment dam to be predicted more accurately. 相似文献
17.
《Computers and Geotechnics》2006,33(4-5):275-277
Conventional slope stability analysis is usually based on the linear Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion utilizing the notion of safety factors with respect to shear strength, and one of the available slice methods. Failure criteria of most soils are not linear, and it is possible to show that this non-linearity has a very significant effect on calculated safety factors. The present work is based on a non-linear failure criterion, which appears to fit the experimental information better than Mohr–Coulomb. All slice methods utilize various kinematical and static assumptions, which cannot be rationally justified. The present work is based on rigorous variational approach to slope stability analysis, which does not employ any kinematical and static assumptions. Safety factors with respect to shear strength are useful abstractions, but physical significance of results based on them is clear only at failure when they are equal to 1 (at any other value of the safety factor with respect to strength results of the analysis correspond to fictitious material with a modified shear strength function). In the present note, we use the variational analysis in order to establish a simple analytical relation between safety factors with respect to strength and height. These two safety factors provide alternative measures for the stability of a given slope; but the safety factor with respect to height appears to have clearer physical interpretation. 相似文献
18.
Modeling uncertainty in stability analysis for design of embankment dams on difficult foundations 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A probabilistic 3-D slope stability analysis model (PTDSSAM) is developed to evaluate the stability of embankment dams and their foundations under conditions of staged construction taking into consideration uncertainty, spatial variabilities and correlations of shear strength parameters, as well as the uncertainties in pore water pressure. The model has the following capabilities: (1) conducting undrained shear strength analysis (USA) and effective stress analysis (ESA) slope stability analysis of staged construction, (2) incorporation of field monitored data of pore water pressure, and (3) incorporation of increase of undrained shear strength with depth, effective stress, and pore water pressure dissipation. The PTDSSAM model is incorporated in a computer program that can analyze slopes located in multilayered deposits, considering the total slope width.
The main outputs of the program are the geometric parameters of the most critical sliding surface (i.e., center of rotation/radius of rotation and critical width of failure), mean 2-D safety factor, mean 3-D safety factor, squared coefficient of variation of resisting moment, and the probability of slope failure. The program is applied to a case study, Karameh dam in Jordan. Monitored data of induced pore water pressure in the dam embankment and soft foundation were gathered during dam construction.
The stability of Karameh dam embankment and foundation was evaluated during staged construction using deterministic and probabilistic analysis. Foundation stability was evaluated based on the monitored data of pore water pressure.
The study showed that the mean values of the corrective factors which account for the discrepancies between the in situ and laboratory-measured values of soil properties and for the modeling errors have significant influence on the 2-D safety factor, 3-D safety factor, slope probability of failure, and on the expected failure width.
The degree of spatial correlation associated with shear strength parameters within a soil deposit also influences the probability of slope failure and the expected failure width. This correlation is quantified by scale of fluctuation. It is found that a larger scale of fluctuation gives an increase in the probability of slope failure and a reduction in the critical failure width. 相似文献