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1.
Urbanization is a complex process that covers a wide range of topics, of which population, industry and land urbanization are three important aspects. Jilin Province is an important agricultural province in China. The contradiction between population, industry and land urbanization is especially prominent here, and its coupling development is of great practical significance. In this paper, the coupling degree of population-industry-land urbanization in Jilin Province in 1990, 2000 and 2010 is measured by coupling mode. The spatial pattern of the coupling degree is analyzed by trend surface analysis and global and local spatial autocorrelation. The influence factors and their spatial differentiation are discussed using multiple linear regression (MLR) model and geographic weighted regression (GWR) model. The results show that: 1) the coupling degree of population-industry-land urbanization in Jilin Province is at a low level. Judging from the change of time scale, the urbanization of most research units is becoming more and more coordinated. From the comparison of spatial scales, there is significant spatial difference in the research units of different administrative levels. 2) Judging from the global change trend, the coupling degree of population-industry-land urbanization in the central region is higher than that in western and eastern regions. The coordination of urbanization in the central region is relatively good, and the distribution of the cold and hot spots is basically the same as that overall. 3) The spatial pattern of the coupling degree is related to the cold and hot spot distribution of the influence coefficient of urban population density and per capita urban construction land. The variation of the coupling degree spatial pattern is synchronous with the spatial change of the urban population density influence coefficient. 4) The degree of agglomeration of the urban population is the main factor promoting the coupling pattern of population-industry-land urbanization in Jilin Province, and the extent of its influence is gradually increasing. In addition, the level of city administrative, the efficiency of urban expansion and the capacity of market consumption also have an important influence on the coupling pattern.  相似文献   

2.
闽南金三角地区已成为中国东南沿海重要的经济增长高地。然而,在同城化背景下,该地区的城市空间重组、区域协调等问题凸显,严重制约了区域可持续发展。本文运用重心模型揭示了2000-2012年闽南金三角经济增长以及三次产业重心迁移的时空演变特征与规律,并用Nich指数进一步分析三次产业差异。结果表明:(1)闽南金三角地区极化发展现象突出,2000年以来地区经济增长重心与二、三产业重心高度集聚于厦门市东北部,且东西向极化现象较明显;(2)厦、泉两地经济增长博弈激烈,2008年后第三产业开始回迁,且其对经济增长有一定的牵引效应,地区间第二产业非均衡性发展有所收敛;(3)第一产业重心往西南地区迁移的直线型态势显著,漳州市二、三产业发展均滞后于厦、泉地区。  相似文献   

3.
发展矿产资源的综合利用、精深加工是矿产资源有效保护、合理利用、可持续发展和矿业产业结构战略性调整中的一项重要任务。针对辽宁省矿产资源综合利用、精深加工的现状及面临的问题，本文提出应制定相应的法律，依法保障矿产资源利用、精深加工；定期发布辽宁省《矿产资源精深加工、综合利用目录》，公布鼓励开发生产的产品；制定配套的矿业政策；开展政府网络信息服务；建立基金制度；提高技术水平并引进技术；有关部门应重视、支持、配合，这样才能最终实现矿产资源和矿业经济的整体性可持续发展。  相似文献   

4.
This paper examines spatio-temporal characteristics of an oasis economy and its relationship with water and mineral resources in the Turim River Basin from 1965 to 2005. A spatial autocorrelation model, the center of gravity model, and index system of the regional central city are used to probe the evolution laws of spatial structure of oasis economy. The study finds that: 1) The economic centre of gravity, whose variation track during this period follows linear rote law, was moving from headstream to middle reaches of the Tarim River. 2) Positive spatial autocorrelation which showed a waving and ascending trend of regional economy was significant and the neighbor effect of regional economic growth was strengthened continuously. 3) The regional economic centre was located in Hotan City before 1980, moved to Aksu City during the 1980s and to Korla City after 1990. We conclude that above all, during the recent four decades the evolution of the oasis economy in this region has gone through three stages: a traditional agriculture stage (before 1980), oasis agriculture and agricultural product processing stage (1980-1990) and oasis energy industry stage (after 1990). Furthermore, the dependence degree of the oasis economy on natural resources in different stages are studied by using dominance index, regression model, and grey relation method, which shows that an oasis economy highly depends on water resources in the oasis agriculture and agricultural product processing stage while it depends more on mineral resources such as oil and natural gas during the oasis energy industry stage.  相似文献   

5.
Based on the analysis of its basic characteristics, this article investigated the disparities of Chinese service industry among the three regions (the eastern China, the western China and the middle China) and inter-provincial disparities of that in the three regions by Theil coefficient and cluster analysis. Then, major factors influencing its spatial disparity were explored by correlation analysis and regression analysis. The conclusions could be drawn as follows. 1) The development of Chinese service industry experienced three phases since the 1980s: rapid growth period, slow growth period, and recovery period. From the proportion of value-added and employment, its development was obviously on the low level. From the composition of industrial structure, traditional service sectors were dominant, but modern service sectors were lagged. Moreover, its spatial disparity was distinct. 2) The level of Chinese service industry was divided into five basic regional ranks: well-developed, developed, relatively-developed, underdeveloped and undeveloped regions. As a whole, the overall structure of spatial disparity was steady in 1990–2005. But there was notable gradient disparity in the interior structure of service industry among different provinces. Furthermore, the overall disparity expanded rapidly in 1990–2005. The inter-provincial disparity of service industry in the three regions, especially in the eastern China, was bigger than the disparity among the three regions. And 3) the level of economic development, the level of urban development, the scale of market capacity, the level of transportation and telecommunication, and the abundance of human resources were major factors influencing the development of Chinese service industry.  相似文献   

6.
In this study, we developed an evaluation index system for green total-factor water-use efficiency(GTFWUE) which reflected both economic and green efficiencies of water resource utilization. Then we measured the GTFWUE of 30 provinces/municipalities/autonomous regions(hereafter provinces) in China(not including Tibet, Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan as no data) from 2000 to 2018 using a minimum distance to the strong frontier model that contained an undesirable output. We further analyzed the regional differences and spatial correlations of GTFWUE using these values based on Global and Local Moran's I statistics, and empirically determined the factors affecting GTFWUE using a spatial econometric model. The evaluation results revealed that the GTFWUE differed substantially between the regions. The provinces with high and low GTFWUE values were located in the coastal and inland areas of China, respectively. The eastern region had a significantly higher GTFWUE than the central and western regions. The GTFWUEs for all three regions(eastern, central, and western regions) decreased slowly from 2000 to 2011(except 2005), remained stable from 2012 to 2016, and rapidly increased in 2017 before decreasing again in 2018. We found significant spatial correlations between the provincial GTFWUEs. The GTFWUE for most provinces belonged to the high-high or low-low cluster region, revealing a significant spatial clustering effect of provincial GTFWUEs. We also found that China's GTFWUE was highly promoted by economic growth,population size, opening-up level, and urbanization level, and was evidently hindered by water endowment, technological progress, and government influence. However, the water-use structure had little impact on GTFWUE. This study fully demonstrated that the water use mode would be improved, and water resources needed to be used more efficiently and green in China. Moreover, based on the findings of this study, several policy recommendations were proposed from the aspects of cross-regional cooperation, economy, society, and institution.  相似文献   

7.
研究青藏高原城镇化格局的时空分异及其影响因素,有利于推动青藏高原现代人类活动时空过程的认知,对青藏高原就地就近城镇化及可持续发展具有参考意义。根据历次人口普查数据,本研究构建青藏高原县市尺度城镇化空间数据集,参考城镇化发展阶段,采用LISA空间类型划分法和空间计量回归模型,系统分析1990-2010年青藏高原内部城镇化格局的时空分异特征及影响因素。主要结论包括：① 青藏高原整体城镇化水平偏低,2017年底,青藏高原主体部分青海省和西藏自治区的常住人口城镇化水平分别为53.07%和30.8%,低于全国同期水平的58.52%,但青藏高原内不乏高水平城镇化地区,而且各地区间城镇化水平的空间差异缩小;② 青海西部柴达木盆地是高水平城镇化集聚区,羌塘地区是低水平城镇化集聚区,地级行政中心所在县市多呈现自身高、周边低的城镇化格局;③ 与内地相似,第二、三产业从业机会是推动青藏高原城镇化发展重要因素,社会公共服务资源对城镇化拉动作用开始凸显。研究结果可以为青藏高原人类活动研究和青藏高原就地就近城镇化可持续发展政策提供参考。  相似文献   

8.
The relationship between China’s urbanization and economic development(RCUED) is an important concern nationwide. As important actors in regional strategy and policy, county-level regions have played an increasingly significant role in the development of China’s social economy. However, the existing research on the RCUED lacks the fine depiction of the county-level administrative units.Using 2000 and 2010 census data and the statistical analysis method, we uncovered the evolution characteristics of China’s urbanization and economic development and conducted a quantitative identification for the RCUED with improved methods using the quadrant map approach. In addition, we investigated the spatial correlation effect of the RCUED using the spatial autocorrelation analysis method. The results were as follows: 1) In general, a high degree of matching exists between China’s urbanization and economic development at the county level at the significance level of 0.01. The correlation coefficients between China’s urbanization and economic development in2000 and 2010 were 0.608 and 0.603, respectively. 2) A significant regional difference exists in the RCUED at the county level. Based on a comparative analysis of 2276 county units in China in the two years, we found that county units can be categorized as under-urbanized, basic coordination and over-urbanized in various areas. No situation was observed where urbanization seriously lagged behind the economic development level, so the levels of urbanization and economic development appear to be basically coordinated,and the coordination state may be gradually optimized over time. 3) Over time, the spatial dependency of the RCUED has weakened and the spatial heterogeneity has increased. Northeast China has always been an area characterized by over-urbanization. The number of county units classified as under-urbanized has begun to decline in eastern coastal urban agglomeration areas, while counties rich in resources have transformed from having point-shaped over-urbanization to plane-shaped under-urbanization along the northern border,and the number of over-urbanized county units has increased in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. 4)’Lag-lag’ type and ’advance-advance’ type accounted for 68% of all counties in China, and these counties were shown to have obvious spatial differentiation characteristics.  相似文献   

9.
Urban air pollution is a commonly concerned environmental problem in the world.Identification of air quality trend using long-term monitoring data is helpful to understand the effectiveness of pollution control strategies.This study,using data from six monitoring stations in Zhengzhou City,analyzed the changing trend in concentrations of SO 2,NO x /NO 2 and TSP/PM 10 in 1996-2008,based on non-parametric Mann-Kendall test and Sen’s slope estimator,and evaluated the comprehensive air pollution level using Multi-Pollutant Index(MPI).It was found that the concentration of each pollutant exceeded obviously the World Health Organization(WHO) guideline value,but the changing trend varied:SO 2 and NO 2 were significantly increased mainly due to an increase in coal consumption and vehicle number,while NO x,TSP and PM 10 decreased.The air pollution was serious,and differed markedly among the three functional regions:it is the most severe in the Industrial and Residential Area(IRA),followed by the Transportation Hub and Business District(THBD),and then the High-tech,Cultural and Educational Area(HCEA).Different from NO 2 concentration that had a similar change trend/rate among the function regions,the change rate of PM 10 concentration differed spatially,decreased much more obviously in THBD than other two regions.For the whole city,the comprehensive air pollution level declined gradually,illustrating that the air quality in Zhengzhou was improved in the last decade.  相似文献   

10.
Urbanization is a comprehensive and complex socioeconomic phenomenon that plays an influential role in promoting global socioeconomic development. The Loess Plateau region is an important part of the China's ecological security pattern, and occupies an important position in the implementation of China's new-type urbanization strategy and the realization of the urban dream. The characteristics of the staged changes and regional differentiation of urbanization in the area from 1990 to 2018 were studied with focus on regions and subregions by selecting 341 county-level administrative units on the Chinese Loess Plateau as the research area, and employing partition analysis and geographic detector methods. This revealed the formation mechanism of the spatial differentiation pattern of urbanization on the Loess Plateau. We found that the urbanization of the Loess Plateau,previously in a slow growth phase, entered the accelerated development phase, presenting a macro pattern of high rates of urbanization in central and eastern areas and low rates in western areas. The formation of the regional differentiation patterns of urbanization on the Loess Plateau were the combined results of natural geographical and socioeconomic factors. Among these factors, the interaction of any two factors had a stronger impact on regional urbanization patterns than a single factor, which was specifically manifested as nonlinear or bi-factor enhancement effects. The findings of this paper may provide a theoretical reference and scientific basis for the scientific promotion of healthy urbanization on the Chinese Loess Plateau and the ecologically fragile areas of developing countries around the world.  相似文献   

11.
研究县域主导功能类型并分析空间结构模式对区域全面、协调、可持续发展的引导和规划调控具有重要意义。本文以广东省为例,利用K-means聚类分析对其124个县域单位主导功能区类型进行划分;基于腾讯位置大数据,利用位序—规模法则构建空间结构指数,并结合遥感数据对不同主导功能县域的空间结构模式进行识别和分析。研究表明：① 利用统计、遥感、社交媒体以及夜间灯光等多源数据和K-means聚类方法进行县域主导功能区分类,分类结果能客观反映区域特征,广东省县域主导功能可分为生态主导型、农业主导型、工业主导型、中心服务型和均衡发展型5类;② 基于腾讯位置大数据的位序—规模法则方法能够突破城市尺度,结合遥感数据定量分析,可用于中观县域尺度的空间结构模式识别研究;③ 农业主导型和生态主导型县域空间结构指数均值都大于1,呈单中心空间结构特征趋势;工业主导型县域空间结构指数均值小于1,呈多中心空间结构特征趋势;均衡发展型县域空间结构指数均值接近1,不同地区均衡发展型县域所呈现的空间结构特征存在差异;④ 不同主导功能县域之间的空间结构模式差异明显,生态主导型县域多呈单中心极核式,农业主导型县域多呈单中心极核+散点式,均衡发展型县域多种模式并存特征明显,而工业主导型县域呈多中心网络分布模式。  相似文献   

12.
This study investigated the regional differences of China′s urban land expansion from the late 1980s to the year of 2008, based on the spatio-temporal analysis of CLCD (China′s land cover/land use database) datasets which were mainly produced from remote sensing imagery data. A newly defined urbanization level index (UI), based on urban land area, is proposed to describe Chinese urban expansion process at 1 kilometer, provincial, regional, and na-tional scales, together with the absolute urban expansion index (UEa) and the relative urbanization expansion index (UEr). The results indicate that the percentages of total land area occupied by urban in the late 1980s, 1995, 2000, 2005, and 2008 were approximately 0.25%, 0.32%, 0.33%, 0.43% and 0.52% of China′s total land area, respectively. Between the late 1980s and 2008, the total urban expansion in the mainland of China was 2.645 × 104 km2, resulting in an annual urban expansion area of about 1322.7 km2/yr, with the UEr of 111.9%. This study also finds that there has been an obvious spatial gradient of urbanization ratio running from the east coast to the west inland, and the urbanization gaps among different regions have persisted over the past two decades. The study also reveals obvious temporal varia-tions of the urbanization rates. There was very little urban growth during the period of 1995-2000 due to the governmental policy factors.  相似文献   

13.
夜间灯光遥感数据的GDP空间化处理方法   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  
 随着夜间灯光遥感数据的应用日渐成熟和资源环境研究领域,对空间型社会经济数据的需求增加,利用相关分析和回归分析的方法,首次定量探讨夜间灯光数据与统计型的社会经济数据的空间关系。为提高模型精度,按照我国省级行政边界分区建模,分析全国县级的地区生产总值、第一产业、第二产业、第三产业分别与夜间灯光指数的空间相关关系,最终建立全国的1km GDP密度图。结果表明,全国范围的夜间灯光数据与第一产业的相关性不明显,相关系数0.554,模型拟合效果差,R2为0.306;夜间灯光数据与地区生产总值、第二产业、第三产业均有明显的对数线性关系,尤其是与第二产业和第三产业之和,相关系数为0.824,R2为0.679。利用分区模型估算,生成的GDP密度图能较完整地反映全国社会经济分布详况,以及宏观分布特征。  相似文献   

14.
By analyzing the relationship among government, market driving forces, distribution orientation of banking industry, service opportunity equality and spatial patterns, this paper proposes that it is distribution orientation that lead to the formation and evolution of spatial pattern of banking industry. The difference of the distribution orientation leads to the separation of the spatial pattern of banking industry, and the change of the distribution orientation leads to the change of spatial pattern. The degree of spatial pattern change is subject to the degree of change of distribution orientation, and the scale of bank resources in the regions, which supports the distribution orientation variation. Based on these theoretical frameworks, some indicators were designed to analyze the pattern change of China’s banking industry and its effects since 1995 under the change of the distribution orientation. This paper finds that the orientation of economic benefit maximization driven by market causes the banking industry to concentrate in economically developed regions. The government, which does not follow the orientation of economic benefit maximization, plays a role of stabilizer. Since the bank branches in the regions with the greatest change in bank branch distribution are too few, and regions with the greatest change in bank loan allocation are the regions with lots of loans, the pattern change of the banking industry in physical form is not as notable as that in economic form.  相似文献   

15.
城市空间扩展是衡量城市化进程的重要指标。本文以闽南金三角地区的福建省漳州市主城区作为研究区,选取2000、2006和2013年的Landsat遥感影像,利用IBI建筑指数分别提取了3个年份的建筑用地信息,然后对其变化进行GIS分析。结果表明,13 a间漳州市主城区面积净增13.69 km2,净增面积为2000年的66.9%。主城区主要沿交通主干道往西北方向呈带状和面状扩展。缓冲区分析表明,道路对主城区扩展起到很大的引导和促进作用。综合社会经济数据可知,主城区的城市扩展历程与第二产业的发展密切相关,属工业导向型的城市扩展模式。另外,城市人口的增加也起到了一定的促进作用,不同区位人口增长速率的差异,对城市扩展的方向也产生了一定的引导作用。  相似文献   

16.
在快速城市化进程中,有效地保护耕地数量和质量是一个重要的科学命题。本文以广东省东莞市为例,通过构建Logistic-CA城市扩张模型,试图探明城市快速扩张主导下的耕地演化特征和机制,对耕地演化进行模拟与预测,为城市的可持续发展规划和耕地保护提供科学的参考依据。首先,分析了1998-2013年东莞市各用地类型间的转换关系,对城市扩张与耕地演化的机制进行了探究;其次,综合考虑地理、经济与政策因子,通过对地理因子模拟和地理与经济结合模拟2种结果的比较分析,选取最优因子组合定义了CA转换规则,构建Logistic-CA模型;最后,基于该模型,依据2006-2020年东莞市土地利用总体规划图,对耕地演化进行预测,并进行数量、质量和空间形态上的分析。模拟结果表明,在耕地演化机制上,东莞市在2003-2008年和2008-2013年2个时段中新增城市用地分别有71.96%和80.86%直接或间接来源于耕地,且相应时段内的耕地补给量远小于耕地流失量;在空间形态上,呈现大块耕地边缘破碎化,细碎耕地逐步消亡的空间演化模式。模型的预测结果表明,至2020年耕地将会减少8205.4 hm2,且优等耕地和高等耕地的减少比重分别达到5.16%和5.27%。  相似文献   

17.
信阳大别山地区矿产资源丰富 ,勘查开发程度低。该文对全区主要矿产资源进行了评价 ,对资源开发现状及存在的主要问题进行了分析 ,提出了加强该区矿产资源综合勘查开发和资源保护的基本原则以及推进地区经济社会可持续发展的政策建议 ,并建议在今后一个时期抓好四大工程和六大矿业基地建设。  相似文献   

18.
Urbanization development quality (UDQ) of urban agglomeration (UA) is one of the important indexes to evaluate if the UA urbanization speed is reasonable, if the population urbanization process is sound, if the economic urbanization process is efficient, if the social urbanization process is harmonious and fair, which is generally composed of three parts, including economic urbanization development quality, social urbanization development quality and spatial urbanization security quality. With the research of evolution rules of UDQ, through the analysis on the interactive coordination relation between UDQ and urbanization level, the paper proposes three dimensional index ball and standard value of comprehensive measures of UDQ, which is composed of three categories of indexes. By introducing Atkinson model, this paper constructs the sub-element measure model and segmental measure model of UDQ, and further makes an overall evaluation on the characteristic of UDQ of UAs in China. Results show that: 1) UDQ of UAs lied at optimization and upgrading phase during 1995–2008 and the quality was low. Population urbanization level did not reflect the UDQ of UAs; 2) the improving speed of the spatial urbanization security quality was higher than the social urbanization development quality, and the improving speed of economic urbanization development quality was the lowest; 3) the coordination between UDQ and urbanization level was not so good; 4) there was a weak correlation relation between UDQ and UA scale, and it was not true that the bigger the UA was, the better the UDQ was.  相似文献   

19.
随着我国城市化进程的加快,城市热岛难显缓解之势,有关土地利用/覆盖类型、城市规模、城市形态对城市热岛的影响已有较多研究,尚缺少气候背景对我国城市昼夜地表热岛强度的影响研究。本文通过长时序的MODIS地表温度数据,从年均、季节和昼夜3个时间尺度,从全国、气候带、城市3个空间尺度探讨了我国347个城市昼夜地表热岛强度的空间分布特征以及时间变化规律。结果表明：① 昼夜差异：我国城市年均地表热岛强度白天（1.25±0.81 ℃）高于夜晚（0.79±0.43 ℃）;② 季节差异：昼夜地表热岛强度在不同季节表现不同,白天表现为夏季高,冬季弱,夜晚四个季节差异不大;③ 气候带差异：昼夜地表热岛强度分布呈现明显的空间分异。白天地表热岛强度表现为热带及亚热带地区高于温带及高原地区,其中南亚热带表现为最强,高原气候区最弱;夜晚则表现为温带高于亚热带、热带及高原地区,其中中温带最强,北亚热带最弱;④ 时空变化：白天地表热岛强度年际呈非显著下降趋势（|Z|<1.96）,而夜晚呈显著上升趋势（|Z|>1.96）;昼夜地表热岛强度年际变化存在季节差异,白天地表热岛强度夏季上升趋势显著高于其他季节,夜晚四个季节都呈显著上升趋势,其中冬季地表热岛强度上升趋势最大;白天呈显著上升趋势的城市主要分布在热带及南亚热带地区,夜晚呈显著上升趋势的城市广泛分布在中温带和暖温带。  相似文献   

20.
粤港澳大湾区建设用地扩张与城市热岛扩张耦合态势研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
深入研究粤港澳大湾区建设用地扩张与城市热岛扩张的耦合态势,对改善大湾区生态环境、实现城市化的健康发展,具有重要的意义和科学价值。本文以粤港澳大湾区为研究区域,选取2000、2008和2016年的遥感影像数据和地表温度数据,提取大湾区的建设用地、划分城市热岛强度等级、识别城市热岛区域;在此基础上,使用总体耦合态势和空间耦合特征两种模型揭示大湾区在不同时期建设用地扩张和城市热岛扩张的耦合关系。结果表明：① 2000-2016年,粤港澳大湾区的建设用地扩张和城市热岛扩张趋势具有同步性;② 城市热岛区域面积不断增加,在珠江口两岸逐步形成了连接中山-佛山-广州-东莞-深圳-香港,大范围分布的倒“U”形城市热岛条带;③ 大湾区建设用地与城市热岛的总体耦合态势处于不断加强的过程,至2016年,两类指标的重心距离达到研究期内的最小距离,此时的总体耦合态势最强;④ 研究期内,大湾区未出现建设用地扩张和城市热岛扩张严重失调情况,建设用地扩张和城市热岛扩张耦合类型以耦合型、基本耦合型以及轻度不耦合型为主,空间耦合程度高。  相似文献   

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