共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
We studied the surface perturbations of a two-layer ideal fluid induced by a flow past a submerged obstacle (simulated by
a point dipole) in the vicinity of the density-jump layer. It is shown that the formation of two different types of surface
waves is possible behind the flowed past obstacle in the real conditions of the open sea. The comparison of the amplitudes
of the surface perturbations induced by the obstacle located above and below the density jump revealed their significant differences,
which seems to be important for the use of this effect in practical problems. 相似文献
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The problem of constructing uniform asymptotics of surface perturbations of far fields from a localized harmonic source in the flow of a heavy homogeneous fluid of infinite depth is considered. It is shown that the wave pattern of generated far fields at specific parameters is a system of hybrid wave disturbances that simultaneously possesses the properties of waves of two types: annular (transverse) and wedgeshaped (longitudinal) waves. The properties of the phase structure and wave fronts of the generated fields are studied. Uniform asymptotics of the solutions describing hybrid surface wave disturbances far from a harmonic source are constructed. 相似文献
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We studied the structure of the surface perturbations generated by a stratified flow of an ideal fluid of finite depth around underwater obstacles. We consider a cylinder modeled by a point dipole localized near the density interface both above and below the interface. It is shown that density jumps characteristic of the marine medium significantly influence the formation and variability of the structure of the surface perturbations generated during a fluid??s flowing around an underwater obstacle. The results are compared with the data of the previous model calculations made by the authors for an infinite flow around an obstacle [4]. Significant differences between them are revealed, which should be taken into account in the solution of practical problems, for example, monitoring of coastal marine basins. 相似文献
6.
V. F. Ivanov 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(5):425-437
On the basis of a nonlinear model taking into account viscosity, density diffusion, and currents, we perform the numerical
analysis of propagation of perturbations formed in the abyssal part of the Black Sea as a result of the action of tangential
wind stresses or density flows in the form of a strip on the sea surface. It is shown that, in the course of time, in the
region of the bottom slope, these perturbations generate a train of waves in the sea, which causes oscillations of the fields
of density and currents. There are some differences between the generation of internal waves by the flows of density and the
wind. Unlike the wind action, in the presence of flows of density in the upper layer in the region of the strip, the initial
period of generation is characterized by the formation of intense perturbations without train structure.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
7.
1.IntroductionGreat efforts have been devoted to the protection of coastal areas over many years by erectingdikes,seawalls,groin systems,and detached breakwaters.The sea walls,jetties,detached breakwa-ters,etc.are traditionally adopted as absorbingfacilit… 相似文献
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The paper concentrates on the evolution of a spectrum of short wind waves (SW) along the profile of a long surface wave (LW).
Short wave spectral variations are considered in the relaxation approximation. The SW spectrum is modulated by the orbital
velocities of long waves and by the variations of wind stress along the LW profile. The latter effect occurs due to wind flux
perturbations induced by both the long wave proper and variations of the sea surface roughness induced by the SW modulations.
To describe this effect, a feedback mechanism is introduces—the growth of energy of short waves results in the larger roughness
of the sea surface, thereby contributing to the local wind stress, which facilitates, in turn, the growth of short waves.
With moderate and strong winds being involved, this effect (aerodynamic feedback) is shown to be dominant in the short wave
spectrum modulation. The mechanism becomes more efficient with intensification of the wind and decreasing of the long waves'
frequency. Results of model calculations are in agreement with the known experimental data.
Translated by Vladimir A. Puchkin. 相似文献
10.
G.K. Furnes 《Marine Geology》1974,16(3):145-160
Assuming that the long waves of sand found in sea beds are generated by stationary internal waves, a simplified analysis is made of their stability. The fluid model considered is two-dimensional and two-layered, with the lower layer stratified due to suspended sediments. Finally, the effect of flow over developed sand waves is studied under homogeneous conditions. 相似文献
11.
S. V. Muzylev 《Oceanology》2006,46(4):465-471
Edge waves in an ice-covered sea at a straight coast with a sloping beach are analyzed within the linearized theory. Such waves propagate along the coast with an amplitude which exponentially decays offshore. The problem is examined without using the hydrostatic assumption. The seawater is considered to be a homogeneous, inviscid, nonrotating, and incompressible fluid. Ice with a uniform thickness is considered, with constant values of density, cylindrical rigidity, Poisson ratio, and compressive stress in the ice. The normal velocity at the bottom is zero; the linearized kinematic and dynamic boundary conditions are satisfied at the lower surface of the ice. Explicit solutions for the edge flexural-gravity waves and the corresponding dispersion equations are obtained and analyzed. 相似文献
12.
We consider the influence of the sea surface state on the backscattered radar cross section and the accuracy of the wind speed retrieval from the scatterometer data. We used a joint set of radars and buoys to determine the type of sea waves. Three types of sea waves were distinguished: developing wind waves, fully developed wind waves, and mixed sea. It is shown that the retrieval error of the near surface wind speed using a one-parameter algorithm is minimal in the case of fully developed wind waves. We compared these data with the results of radio-altimeter data analysis and showed that in both cases underestimation of the retrieval wind speed exists for developing wind waves and overestimation occurs for mixed sea. A variety of swell parameters (length of the dominating wave, swell height, swell age) significantly influence the backscattered radar cross section, leading to a growth in the mean square error of the retrieved wind speed during vertical sounding (radio-altimeter data), and only slightly influence the mean square error of the scatterometer data (medium incidence angles). It is necessary to include the information about the parameters of sea waves in the algorithms and take into account the regional wave properties to increase the accuracy of wind speed retrieval. 相似文献
13.
次重力波(Infragravity Wave,IGW)是一种频率较低(0.05～0.005 Hz),波长较长(约10 km)的表面重力波。由IGW引起的海表面高度变化会被宽刈幅干涉高度计SWOT(Surface Water and Ocean Topography,SWOT)卫星观测到,因此在使用SWOT观测的海表面高度来反演中尺度、次中尺度大洋环流时,IGW是一种重要的误差来源。根据数值模型模拟的全球IGW时空分布特征,本文以IGW最为活跃的东北太平洋和欧洲西北陆架附近大西洋为研究海域,估算了上述海域由IGW所引起的海表面高度变化,并将计算结果与SWOT Simulator模拟的轨道噪声(±5 cm)比较,首次定量地估算了IGW在SWOT观测海表面高度时的干扰程度。研究表明,IGW所引起的厘米量级的海表面高度变化在SWOT卫星观测海表面流场时是一种重要的,不可忽略的误差来源。在大西洋欧洲西北陆架海域,冬季IGW对海表面高度的贡献可达到SWOT卫星噪声要求水平的25%;然而,对于大陆架狭窄的美国西岸太平洋而言,由岸线产生的IGW将迅速传入深海海域,在广阔的范围内产生显著的"噪声"影响,在SWOT反演海表面流场时由IGW引起的误差将达到SWOT卫星噪声要求水平的15%。 相似文献
14.
S. V. Korsunsky 《Physical Oceanography》1994,5(1):27-34
Non-linear and solitary surface waves represent one of the most intriguing and thoroughly investigated phenomena in ocean dynamics. Up to now, a considerable number of results have been obtained, which are related to the study of solitary waves in the coastal shelf zone, and their propagation and transformation under the effect of various factors. In the majority of such studies, the sea bottom surface was assumed to be impervious to fluid. Only some of them, e.g. refs 1–4, considered the propagation of waves in the limited layers of fluids on the pervious (porous) bases. At the same time, Shepard [5] and Nikolaevsky [6] pointed out that the bottom surface structure on the shelf is often porous. In this case, the pervious layer represents a porous matrix (possibly deformable) completely filled with fluid. Its density is different from the free fluid density.Translated by Mikhail M. Trufanov. UDK 532.59. 相似文献
15.
Internal inlet for wave generation and absorption treatment 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A new method of implementing, in two-dimensional (2-D) Navier–Stokes equations, a numerical internal wave generation in the finite volume formulation is developed. To our knowledge, the originality of this model is on the specification of an internal inlet velocity defined as a source line for the generation of linear and non-linear waves. The use of a single cell to represent the source line and its transformation to an internal boundary condition proved to be an interesting alternative to the common procedure of adding a mass source term to the continuity equation within a multi-cell rectangular region. Given the reduction of the source domain to a one-dimensional region, this simple new type of source introduced less perturbation than the 2-D source type. This model was successfully implemented in the PHOENICS code (Parabolic Hyperbolic Or Elliptic Numerical Integration Code Series). In addition, the volume of fluid (VOF) fraction was used to describe the free surface displacements. A friction force term was added to the momentum transport equation in the vertical direction, in order to enhance wave damping, within relatively limited number of cells representing the sponge layers at the open boundaries. For monochromatic wave, propagating on constant water depth, numerical and analytical results showed good agreements for free surface profiles and vertical distribution of velocity components. For solitary wave simulation, the wave shape and velocity were preserved; while, small discrepancy in the tailing edge of the free surface profiles was observed. The suitability of this new numerical wave generation model for a two source lines extension was investigated and proven to be innovative. The comparisons between numerical, analytical and experimental results showed that the height of the merging waves was correctly reproduced and that the reflected waves do not interact with the source lines. 相似文献
16.
Structural Types of Sea Embankment and Their Stability Analysis 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
MAO Changxi DUAN Xiangbao MAO Peiyu Prof. Senior Engineer Hydraulic Engineering Department Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute 《中国海洋工程》1998,(3)
In this paper based on investigation on the structural types of sea embankments in thesoutheast coastal area of China,as well as the related tidal stages,waves and strength of marine soils,thefinite element method(FEM)calculations for seepage flow stability,including the overall stability againstsliding and local stability of sloping surface under the action of tidal stage and waves are carried out.Acomparison of the computational results of FEM for single circular slip,composite circular slip andgeogrid reinforcement against sliding shows that for calculation of stability against sliding of marine softsoil foundation it is even more reasonable to use the composite circular slip.The stability of sloping typesea embankment against sliding is slightly better than that of the vertical face type;for the combination ofthree defences(wave,scour and seepage defences)the sea embankment structural type of a compositecross section with a platform should be a good one,but it still should be suitable to local condit 相似文献
17.
Ohta K. Ohkawa K. Asano K. Hibi S. Takahashi H. 《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》2002,27(1):13-16
Interface waves such as the Scholte wave are a useful tool to study geoacoustic properties and can be conventionally generated by an explosive or a pneumatic source on/above the seafloor. This type of source, however, generates strong compressional waves in the water and sediment at the same time; these waves then disturb an observation of interface waves and leads to difficulty in processing. These sources are also relatively hard to control at sea from a viewpoint of repeatability and stability of interface waves to be generated. In addition, environmental problems caused by those sources is a concern. In this paper, an electromagnetic induction source whose vibrator plate hits the seafloor directly and excites interface waves is described. The capability of this source was evaluated both in a water tank and at seashore. The pulsed Scholte waves excited both by several types of electromagnetic induction source having a different shape of vibrator plate and by dropping weight were transmitted in sediment and received using geophones. As a result of comparison of measured signals, the pulse signal propagating from the source demonstrates a sharper rise time than that from dropping weight 相似文献
18.
Effects of surface waves and sea spray on air–sea fluxes during the passage of Typhoon Hagupit 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
Air–sea exchange plays a vital role in the development and maintenance of tropical cyclones(TCs). Although studies have suggested the dependence of air–sea fluxes on surface waves and sea spray, how these processes modify those fluxes under TC conditions have not been sufficiently investigated based on in-situ observations.Using continuous meteorological and surface wave data from a moored buoy in the northern South China Sea,this study examines the effects of surface waves and sea spray on air–sea fluxes during the passage of Typhoon Hagupit. The mooring was within about 40 km of the center of Hagupit. Surface waves could increase momentum flux to the ocean by about 15%, and sea spray enhanced both sensible and latent heat fluxes to the atmosphere,causing Hagupit to absorb 500 W/m~2 more heat flux from the ocean. These results have powerful implications for understanding TC–ocean interaction and improving TC intensity forecasting. 相似文献
19.
The diffraction of linear waves by a uniform vertical cylinder with cosine-type radial perturbations
The interaction of linear waves with a uniform, bottom-mounted, surface-piercing cylinder whose diameter exhibits a cosine-type variation is investigated. Two solution methods are presented. One method is based on a perturbation theory, using a perturbation parameter defined in terms of the surface geometry of the cylinder. The analysis includes terms up to the first-order in this parameter, where the zeroth-order solution corresponds to a circular cylinder. The velocity potentials at the zeroth and first orders are expressed as eigenfunction expansions involving unknown coefficients that are subsequently determined through the cylinder boundary conditions. The second method is based on Green's theorem and gives rise to an integral equation for the fluid velocity potential on the cylinder surface. A comparison between the results of these two methods has proved that they are in good agreement for small values of the perturbation parameter. Numerical results are presented that illustrate the influence of the magnitude and frequency of these perturbations on the resulting hydrodynamic force and the wave runup on the cylinder. 相似文献
20.
海浪破碎使得海面产生飞沫水滴,由于飞沫水滴的存在改变着大气和海洋之间的能量传输。飞沫生产函数一般认为是水滴初始半径和风速的函数,但海浪时刻存在于海-气界面,仅仅考虑海面风的作用,而忽略海浪的影响是不够完善的。白冠覆盖率是海浪破碎的重要特征参数,有研究者发现白冠覆盖率与海面风速和海浪均存在相关性。本文尝试从白冠覆盖率出发,构建飞沫水滴的生成函数参数化方案,将描述不同飞沫水滴半径的飞沫生成函数基于白冠覆盖率参数有机整合,然后结合白冠覆盖率和海浪状态的关系,利用实验室观测数据,分析不同海浪状态条件下海浪对飞沫生成函数的影响。研究结果表明,新的考虑波浪效应的飞沫生成函数可以合理地描述不同海浪状态条件下飞沫水滴的生成过程。 相似文献