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1.
格尔木河流域平原区地下水同位素及水化学特征   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
李健  王辉  魏丽琼 《西北地质》2007,40(4):94-100
通过对格尔木河流域天然水中H、O同位素的系统分析,根据地球水化学组分循环演化规律所对应流域不同类型水体的同位素组成的研究,结果表明流域地下水化学组分随流程增加溶滤作用增强,地下水中HCO3-逐渐减少,Cl-则增加。运用δD、δ18O和3H值建立了流域大气降水线方程,确定了山区河水非当年降水补给,河水以地下水补给为主、其次是冰雪融水和大气降水补给。山区降水δD、δ18O均值低于平原区,表明平原区降水受蒸发作用影响水中富重同位素。平原区地下水中的δD、δ18O值与河水基本一致,说明平原区地下水主要受河水出山后入渗补给。承压自流水δD和δ18O值与潜水基本一致,根据地下水的3H值确定早于潜水年龄,且随埋深增加δD、δ18O值减少的趋势,其年龄亦由新变老。  相似文献   

2.
塔里木盆地区域地下水环境同位素特征及其意义   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12  
以大量水环境同位素样品测试结果为依据,对塔里木盆地的区域水环境同位素特征进行了分析,得出了一些有意义的认识:(1)塔里木盆地不同14C年龄的地下水的δD、δ18O值差异不明显,反映了水资源形成区在最后冰期和冰后期气温相差不大,推测是由于新构造运动使山体隆升,同一位置因高程变化产生的气温变化弥合了气候的变化,这一特征使我们难以运用δD-δ18O关系区别古水(冰期)与现代水(冰后期)。(2)在δD-δ18O关系图上,沿大气降水线可把盆地内主要河流及其补给形成的地下水大致圈定在3个域内,这3个域的区别不是大气环流作用的结果,而是河流源区山脉高程效应的反映。(3)与西北内陆盆地其他大型河流比较,阿克苏河流域下游承压自流水的14C年龄小得多,这是由阿克苏河径流量大、下游为河槽洼地、不完全具备山前倾斜平原水文地质特征等决定的。阿克苏河下游承压水水循环交替迅速,开发潜力较大,在西北内流盆地中是一个特例。(4)塔克拉玛干沙漠第四系松散层地下水主要是从盆地南缘侧向补给的,在沙漠腹地由深部向浅部顶托排泄。盆地内深层油田水处于高度封闭的滞留状态,与上部松散沉积层地下水之间基本没有联系。  相似文献   

3.
鄂尔多斯地下水同位素组成与气候变化关系   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4  
鄂尔多斯盆地地下水中18O同位素组成与区域古气候变化关系研究有利于认识区域水循环规律,在对鄂尔多斯盆地地下水18O、14C同位素资料分析基础上,结合相关古气候变化研究成果,对比研究鄂尔多斯盆地地下水的同位素组成与古气候变化的关系,认为:①鄂尔多斯盆地地下水中稳定同位素(δ18O)含量的变化与该区古气候的变化具有良好的对应关系,特别在10 kaB.P.前后,鄂尔多斯盆地南部的古气候变化与其地下水中的δ18O含量变化十分明显;②鄂尔多斯盆地南部,10.2~11.9 kaB.P.、13.1~14.4 kaB.P.及16.2~18.9 kaB.P.三个时间段,可能由于当时古气温较低,导致地下水相对补给偏少;③古地下水的补给过程受古气候的变化影响呈现非等速补给特征.  相似文献   

4.
对西菲律宾海Ph05-5柱状样190ka以来钙质超微化石进行了氧碳同位素分析.研究结果表明, 钙质超微化石δ18O值在末次间冰期(MIS 5e) 和全新世明显低于末次冰期(MIS5d~2) 和倒数第二次冰期(MIS6).超微化石δ18O值与浮游和底栖有孔虫δ18O值都呈明显的正相关关系, 但超微化石δ18O平均值比浮游有孔虫Globigerinoides rubber δ18O平均值高0.431×10-3, 比Neogloboquadrina dutertrei δ18O平均值低0.410×10-3, 而这三者又远远低于底栖有孔虫Cibicides wullerstorfi的δ18O平均值.超微化石δ13C值变化阶段性特征明显, 并与该孔超微化石绝对丰度变化趋势极为相似, 二者共同反映出西菲律宾海大约从190ka到110ka的MIS6和大约MIS 5e期, 表层海水初级生产力相当稳定且显著低于其他各时期; 大约从MIS5d期开始表层初级生产力显著上升, 初级生产力的这一高值一致持续到约25ka左右的末次冰期; 在25ka以来的MIS1、2期, 表层初级生产力有所下降, 但仍高于190ka到110ka的MIS6和MIS 5e期.   相似文献   

5.
锡林河流域地表水和浅层地下水的稳定同位素研究   总被引:6,自引:3,他引:3  
2006年4—9月,在从锡林河源头沿河流进行地表水和地下水同位素样品采集和分析的基础上,利用全球降水同位素监测网(GNIP)包头站的大气降水稳定同位素资料,结合锡林河流域的气象和水文资料,对锡林河流域大气降水、地表水和地下水稳定同位素进行了研究.结果表明:地下水中δ18O和δD值分别集中在-11.7‰~-14.9‰和-80‰~-89.5‰范围内,δ18O沿地下水流向有增加的趋势,大部分地下水中δ18O的季节波动性不大;河流干流δ18O和δD的年算术平均值从源区的-12.8‰和-94.5‰到入锡林河水库处的-10.0‰和-79.3‰,差值分别约为3‰和15‰.河水中的δ18O值沿流程增加而增大的现象可归结为受含有较高δ18O值的地下水补给作用和河水的蒸发作用的共同影响,其中对δ18O蒸发富集的研究显示,蒸发引起δ18O富集值为1‰.通过地下水线(GWL)和地表水线(SWL)及区域大气降水线(LMWL)的对比分析发现,在径流季节,降水对地表水的贡献小,地下水是地表水主要的补给源,地表径流基本是地下水的排泄.  相似文献   

6.
为了探究平朔矿区所在流域不同水体同位素的时空变化规律, 揭示采煤活动下区域水循环规律, 于2020年8月和12月对流域内地表水、地下水和矿井水进行采样, 测试样品的D和18O同位素组成, 并利用贝叶斯混合模型MixSIAR计算了矿井水不同来源的贡献率。结果表明: ①地表水和矿井水δD和δ18O夏季较冬季高; 地下水δD和δ18O季节差异不明显。地表水氢氧同位素值沿程呈增加趋势, 但局部受到矿井水的补给, 出现贫化; 地下水氢氧同位素值沿径流方向呈逐渐增加趋势。②采煤区氢氧同位素值较非采煤区明显增加。受季节效应影响, 在空间分布上8月浅层地下水氢氧同位素高值区域较12月明显增多。③ δ18O与δD关系图表明, 地表水在接受大气降水的补给之后受到了蒸发分馏作用的影响; 浅层地下水的补给源较复杂, 深层地下水由于采煤形成的导水裂隙带受到了浅层地下水和地表水的补给; 矿井水受地表水、浅层地下水和深层地下水的补给。④ MixSIAR模型揭示出深层地下水是矿井水的主要补给来源, 占61.60%~67.20%, 且补给比例冬季大于夏季; 浅层地下水对矿井水的补给存在明显季节差异。  相似文献   

7.
黄土丘陵区降水-土壤水-地下水转化实验研究   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12       下载免费PDF全文
通过对黄土丘陵区燕沟流域2005~2007年雨季的多次降水、0~400 cm土层土壤水、沟道地表水、地下水(泉水、井水)水样中D和18O采样分析,研究了该区降水、土壤水、地表水、地下水的转化关系.结果认为:燕沟流域的降水线与中国、世界的降水线有明显区别,斜率和截距偏小;降水、地表水、土壤水、地下水逐渐富集δD和δ18O,且δ18O富集速度高于δD,由D和18O的蒸发分馏差异所致,可利用各类水体的δD和δ18O变化情况甄别水体之间的水量转化;土壤水δD和δ18O剖面在200 cm深度处出现低值区,应是降水补给到达该深度且土壤蒸发影响逐渐衰减共同作用的结果,其在200 cm以下逐渐升高则因为降水补给影响逐渐降低、土壤水本底同位素影响增强所致.由于380~400 cm深层土壤水的δD和δ18O对降水事件的响应存在,因此认为降水-地下水的转化存在,降水补给泉水的滞后期小于35 d.而对井水的补给滞后时间以及土壤水对地下水的补给量还需进一步研究.  相似文献   

8.
乌兰布和沙漠北部地下水资源的环境同位素探讨   总被引:8,自引:4,他引:8       下载免费PDF全文
工作范围在乌兰布和沙漠北部,面积共约4200km2.年平均降水量85~140mm,由西南向东递增,降水同位素组成δD~δ18O恰与Craig线一致,并与阿拉善地区相同.测得地下水中同位素含量范围,δ18O为-74‰~121‰,氚为0~190TU,14C为17~97pMC.由地下水同位素组成区别出与降水线平行或相交的6种类型.从所有地下水水点,以及可能有补给关系的其它水点的各类同位素关系,包括δ18O,T,δ13C和pMC,识别出两类承压水的各3个补给源和潜水的3个补给源,并区别出一组氚含量极低的潜水,对不同位置的承压水和潜水,由其同位素关系估算出了各补给源的组成和变幅.  相似文献   

9.
对南海北部陆坡MD05-2905站9个沉积物样品稀土元素进行分析,结果显示MD05-2905站沉积物中稀土含量总量(ΣREE)变化范围较大,其分布范围为60.66×10-6~350.37×10-6,平均值为174.59×10-6,其中全新世样品的稀土含量总量明显低于末次冰期样品,其球粒陨石分布模式与上地壳基本一致。对比发现,其ΣREE平均值相对接近中国黄土和珠江口,而与深海粘土中稀土元素的丰度相差较大,说明其主体可能来自陆源。稀土元素分馏参数δEu和δCe以及富集因子(EF)和判别函数(DF)揭示南海北部MD05-2905站沉积物与黄土、珠江口和台湾浅滩都有联系,显示了多物源多传输方式的特征。另外发现富集因子(EF)和判别函数(DF)数值在末次冰期时期与全新世时期差别相对较大,末次冰期时期黄土、珠江口和台湾浅滩的DF值都远远小于全新世时期,这可能反映末次冰期时黄土、珠江口和台湾浅滩对南海北部的物源贡献更大,也反映末次冰期与全新世期间各个物源供给/传输方式可能发生变化。  相似文献   

10.
根据焉耆盆地开都河水及其两岸地下水中的氢氧稳定同位素资料及氘过量参数(d)值,分析了焉耆盆地内不同水体的δ(D)、δ(18O)和d值的分布规律,并得到地下水的主要补给来源及其与开都河水的相互作用关系;地下水的δ(D)在-87.60‰~-61.82‰间,δ(18O)在-10.90‰~-9.73‰间;开都河水的δ(D)在-71.95‰~-58.58‰间,δ(18O)在-9.57‰~-8.64‰间。结果表明:焉耆盆地内地下水和地表水同源于山区的降水和冰雪融水,且经历了较强的蒸发作用;地下水与地表水之间的直接水力联系较弱,深层地下水主要接受开都河水在洪积扇区的入渗补给,浅层地下水主要接受河流引水灌溉入渗;不同深度地下水之间的水力联系较为密切,为统一的地下水系统。  相似文献   

11.
INTRODUCTIONManystudiesofglobalchangesshowthatthehydrologicalcycleofacontinentalscalecanberelatedtoclimaticchanges(Andersonetal.,2 0 0 1;KarenandDara,2 0 0 1;MichaelandMichael,1999;Hugoetal.,1996 ;Larryetal.,1996 ) .Cur rentdistributionpatternsofdeuteriumandoxygen 18concen …  相似文献   

12.
The stable isotopic characteristics were used together with the total chloride to assess changes in groundwater from recharge zones into the carbonate aquifer in an arid environment. The aquifer under study represents a major source of groundwater and thermal springs in Al-Ain city, which are located at the northern part of Jabal Hafit in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The relationship between oxygen and hydrogen isotopic composition of groundwater is established and is described by δD?=?2.2δ18O???9.96. The lower slope and y-intercept of groundwater samples relative to the local meteoric waterline suggests that the isotopic enrichment is due to the evaporation of shallow groundwater after recharge occurs. The majority of the shallow groundwater samples have a negative deuterium excess (d-excess) which might be ascribed to high a degree of evaporation, while most of the groundwater samples from deep wells, have a positive value of d-excess which may be related to a low degree of evaporation. The δ18O values of the thermal waters suggest enrichment towards δ18O of the carbonate rocks because of the exchange with oxygen at higher temperatures. A possible mixing between thermal or hot water and shallow groundwater is evident in some samples as reflected by δD vs. Cl and d-excess vs. δ18O plots.  相似文献   

13.
为查明神东矿区地下水质量状况和补给来源,分析测试了不同含水层(第四系松散层、白垩系洛河组、侏罗系直罗组和延安组含水层)的一般化学指标、毒理学指标和环境同位素(D、18O、3H)的值,利用环境同位素(D、18O、3H)分析该区地下水的补给来源和更新能力,利用单指标综合评价和影响因素识别相结合的方法研究了区内地下水的质量现状和影响因素,采用四步法计算出毒理学指标的饮水途径健康风险值。结果表明:(1)第四系松散层地下水、白垩系洛河组地下水和侏罗系风化带水主要为现代大气降水补给,更新快。侏罗系深层基岩裂隙水主要为晚更新世冰期降水补给,与现代降水基本无水力联系;(2)侏罗系延安组地下水水质较差,Ⅳ-Ⅴ类水所占比例较高,达到47.9%,其他含水层地下水水质较好。总体上,对Ⅳ-Ⅴ类水单指标贡献率较大的指标为钠氟化物TDS氯化物硫酸盐;(3)毒理学指标中氟化物的健康风险值最大,其他毒理学指标健康风险基本都在可接受范围内。因此,氟化物应作为水污染监测和防治中的优先控制物。本次研究成果将为矿区水源地的选择和污染物防控提供科学依据。  相似文献   

14.
The study investigates the mechanism of glacial meltwater recharge under the Fennosciandian Ice Sheet during the last glacial maximum (LGM) and its impact on regional groundwater flow in the northern Baltic Artesian Basin (BAB) in Estonia and Latvia. The current hypothesis is that a flow reversal occurred in the BAB due to subglacial recharge during the LGM. This hypothesis is supported by an extensive dataset of geochemical and isotopic measurements in the groundwater of northern Estonia, exhibiting significant depletion in δ18O with respect to modern precipitation. To verify the consistency of this hypothesis and better understand groundwater flow dynamics during the LGM period, a numerical model is developed for this area. Two cross-sectional models have been created across the northern BAB, in which groundwater flow and the transport of δ18O have been simulated from the beginning of the LGM to present-day. Several simulations were performed with different subglacial boundary conditions, to investigate the uncertainty related to subglacial recharge of meltwater during the LGM and the subsequent flow reversal in the northern BAB. Several simulations provide a satisfying fit between computed and observed values of δ18O, which means that the hypothesis of subglacial recharge of meltwater is consistent with δ18O distribution. The numerical model suggests that preservation of meltwater in northern Estonia is controlled by confining layers and the proximity to the outcrop area of aquifers, located in the Gulf of Finland. The results also suggest that glacial meltwater has been preserved under the Baltic Sea in the Gulf of Riga.  相似文献   

15.
The groundwater flow systems and chemistry in the deep part of the coastal area of Japan have attracted attention over recent decades due to government projects such as geological disposal of radioactive waste. However, the continuous groundwater flow system moving from the shallow to deep parts of the sedimentary soft rock has not yet been characterized. Therefore, the Cl, δD and δ18O values of the pore water in the Horonobe coastal area in Hokkaido, Japan, were measured to 1,000 m below the ground surface, and a vertical profile of the pore-water chemistry was constructed to assist in elucidating groundwater circulation patterns in the coastal area. The results show that the groundwater flow regime may be divided into five categories based on groundwater age and origin: (1) fresh groundwater recharged by modern rainwater, (2) fresh groundwater recharged by paleo rainwater during the last glacial age, (3) low-salinity groundwater recharged during the last interglacial period, (4) mixed water in a diffusion zone, and (5) connate water consisting of paleo seawater. These results suggest that the appearance of hydrological units is not controlled by the boundaries of geological formations and that paleo seawater is stored in younger Quaternary sediments.  相似文献   

16.
拉萨河流域地表径流氢氧同位素空间分布特征   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
为了探析径流过程中稳定同位素变化特征及其控制因子, 利用2008年拉萨河流域地表径流中δ18O和δD的监测数据以及相关气象和水文资料, 初步研究了流域δ18O和δD的空间分布特征.研究发现: (1)拉萨河流域以大气降水为主要补给来源, 且干流体现了较明显的蒸发效应; (2)河水偏正的d过量参数特征指示了冰雪融水的补给特征; (3)季风降水期间, 拉萨河流域由高程效应和水平距离所造成的δ18O递减率约为0.16‰·(100 m)-1; (4)大循环尺度下, 流域内河水呈现了明显的大陆效应.研究表明高海拔地区地表径流氧氘同位素分布特征能够有效示踪流域水文循环过程, 并提供古高度变化研究的稳定同位素证据.   相似文献   

17.
An investigation was conducted in Beijing to identify the groundwater evolution and recharge in the quaternary aquifers. Water samples were collected from precipitation, rivers, wells, and springs for hydrochemical and isotopic measurements. The recharge and the origin of groundwater and its residence time were further studied. The groundwater in the upper aquifer is characterized by Ca-Mg-HCO3 type in the upstream area and Na-HCO3 type in the downstream area of the groundwater flow field. The groundwater in the lower aquifer is mainly characterized by Ca-Mg-HCO3 type in the upstream area and Ca-Na-Mg-HCO3 and Na-Ca-Mg-HCO3 type in the downstream area. The δD and δ18O in precipitation are linearly correlated, which is similar to WMWL. The δD and δ18O values of river, well and spring water are within the same ranges as those found in the alluvial fan zone, and lay slightly above or below LMWL. The δD and δ18O values have a decreasing trend generally following the precipitation → surface water → shallow groundwater → spring water → deep groundwater direction. There is evidence of enrichment of heavy isotopes in groundwater due to evaporation. Tritium values of unconfined groundwater give evidence for ongoing recharge in modern times with mean residence times <50 a. It shows a clear renewal evolution along the groundwater flow paths and represents modern recharge locally from precipitation and surface water to the shallow aquifers (<150 m). In contrast, according to 14C ages in the confined aquifers and residence time of groundwater flow lines, the deep groundwater is approximately or older than 10 ka, and was recharged during a period when the climate was wetter and colder mainly from the piedmont surrounding the plain. The groundwater exploitation is considered to be “mined unsustainably” because more water is withdrawn than it is replenished.  相似文献   

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