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介绍恒星形成区ＮＧＣ７５３８的Ｈ和Ｋｓ波段偏振成像的观测结果．近５′视场的偏振图像揭示了与亮红外源ＩＲＳ１１１成协的年轻星团和红外星云的复杂结构．ＩＲＳ１３星云的偏振图像表明星云的近红外辐射主要来自对深埋红外源ＩＲＳ１的反射;其形态可解释为颜色很红的高偏振的壳层包围着的低消光气泡．ＩＲＳ１周围的近红外的偏振强度在ＩＲＳ１双极分子外流方向上呈现出一较小的壳结构．ＩＲＳ４在近红外表现为双源,其中较红的源ＩＳＲ４ｂ周围观测到中心对称的偏振图像．ＩＲＳ５与亮星云成协,ＩＲＳ６则处于一组星的中心．在ＩＲＳ５和ＩＲＳ６周围的星云中没有观测到偏振．ＩＫＳ９照亮着两块星云,ＩＲＮ１和ＩＲＮ２．ＩＲＮ１星云有很好的锥形并包含一高偏振的喷流成分．云中较高偏振的部分对应较蓝的颜色,显示着其较大的视向张角的外流腔结构．与复杂的ＩＲＳ９区分子外流相比较,ＩＲＮ１星云与在ＮＥＳＷ方向的外流相符合．首次证认了ＩＲＳ１１近红外点源,并观测到其周围有一组星和很暗的星云物质 相似文献
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利用瑞士Ｇｏｒｎｅｒｇｒａｔ天文台的意大利１．５米ＴＩＲＧＯ红外望远镜对近红外交源ＩＲＡＳ０４０００＋５０５２进行了近红外成像观测,得到了ＪＨＫ宽带及Ｈ２Ｓ（１）１～０和Ｂｒ窄带高分辨率图像,并进行了红外测光及位置测量工作．结果发现此ＩＲＡＳ源不是以往认为的单一年轻天体,而是一个包含有许多个年轻天体的小尺度致密恒星形成区,在这样小尺度且致密区域内,恒星形成也不是在同一时期完成的． 相似文献
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给出红外点源IRAS 20231 3440附近恒星形成区近红外．JHK’和H2成像观测结果，以及与该IRAS点源成协的近红外点源IRS1的K波段分光观测结果．．JHK’观测显示该区域存在嵌埋的年轻星天体，H2窄波段观测揭示了若干个氢分子发射结点，其中有几个结点排列成线形，暗示分子氢喷流的存在．喷流的北部与已知观测的分子外流成协，表明二者之间存在联系．喷流的走向提示IRS1可能是其激发源，对IRS1的K波段分光观测给出了进一步的证据．从近红外、MSX及IRAS资料估计出IRS1的能谱分布，表明它是一个处于ClassI状态的中等质量的年轻星天体． 相似文献
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利用瑞士Ｇｏｒｎｅｒｇｒａｔ天文台的意大利１．５米ＴＩＲＧＯ红外望远镜对近红外变源ＩＲＡＳ０４０００＋５０５２进行了近红外成像观测,得到了ＪＨＫ宽带及Ｈ２Ｓ（１）１￣０和Ｂｒγ窄带高分辨率图像,并进行了红外测光及位置测量工作。结果发现此ＩＲＡＳ源不是以往认为的单一年轻天体,而是一个包含有许多个年轻天体的小尺度致密恒星形成区,在这样小尺度且致密区域内,恒星形成也不是在同一时期完成的。 相似文献
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近红外偏振是研究恒星形成的有效工具.该文介绍了近红外偏振器的工作原理,然后分几个方面介绍了近红外偏振在恒星形成研究中的应用.红外反射云能很好地示踪年轻星天体及分子外流,通过分析偏振矢量的方法确定红外反射云的偏振对称中心,从而确定它的照亮源;偏振波长相关曲线包含了年轻星天体的星周物质的很多信息;年轻星的分子外流导致了红外反射云的形成,因此红外反射云的照亮源通常与年轻星天体成协,并是分子外流的驱动源;一些年轻星天体埋藏得很深,一般在近红外波段无法直接探测到,人们称之为深埋源,通过分析偏振矢量的方法可以找到深埋源;一般认为比较年轻的年轻星天体都是有尘埃盘的,尘埃盘的存在会导致它的偏振形态出现偏振盘,偏振盘町以用来研究尘埃盘;恒星形成区里成员星的偏振主要是由尘埃的二色性消光产生的,这样偏振方向会平行于致使尘埃排列的磁场的方向,从而能够揭示磁场的结构.最后进行了总结,并论述了中远红外偏振研究的优势和意义. 相似文献
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本文发表继探测到恒星形成区的１０个新Ｈ２Ｏ脉泽［１］后，再发现和证认的７个银河系星际Ｈ２Ｏ脉泽及其有关参量和谱线图。这些新Ｈ２Ｏ脉泽是与ＣＯ分子外流源［２－５］ＡＦＧＬ５１４２，ＨＨ－３，ＡＦＯＬ５１５７，ＮＧＣ２０２３，ＲＮＯ７３，２０１２６＋４１０４，Ｌ１２５１－Ａ成协的。它们与相应的外向流的中心ＩＲＡＳ点源间的平均位置差为｜△α｜＝２４＇＇．８，｜△δ｜＝２７＇＇。 相似文献
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介绍恒星形成区Ｓ２５５ ＩＲ 复合体的Ｈ 和Ｋｓ 波段成像偏振和对其中红外源ＩＲＳ１在１ ．２ － ４ ．２ μｍ 上的分光偏振测量．偏振图像揭示了Ｓ２５５ － ２ 核区的两类近红外辐射．以ＩＲＳ１ 双源为中心的一条亮云脊表现出高偏振,而周围延展云却基本上无偏振．偏振图样进一步显示出由ＩＲＳ１ａ 和１ｂ 分别照射的两块反射云．它们都呈双极结构,并且其轴向近于相互垂直．由ＩＲＳ１ｂ 照射的双极云位于方位角ＰＡ～６５°,与Ｈ２ 发射的双极喷流现象很好地符合．两个照射源都是深埋天体．ＩＲＳ１ｂ 和高密度拱星盘成协,其盘平面与双极云垂直．ＩＲＳ１ａ可能也与一未能分辨的盘结构成协,东西方向的盘同样与其成协反射云垂直．从ＩＲＳ１ 的分光偏振测量可辨认出３ μｍ 水冰吸收波段上的偏振超．在此吸收波段上还观测到了反转型的偏振角旋转 相似文献
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本文发表继探测到恒星形成区的１０个新Ｈ２Ｏ脉泽后，再发现和证认的７个银河系星际Ｈ２Ｏ脉泽及其有关参量和谱线图，这些新Ｈ２Ｏ脉泽是与ＣＯ分子外流源ＡＦＧＬ５１４２，ＨＨ－３，ＡＦＧＬ５１５７，ＮＧＣ２０２３，ＲＮＯ７３，２０１２６＋１＋４１０４，Ｌ１２５１－Ａ成协的。它们与相应的外向流的中心ＩＲＡＳ点源间的平均位置差为｜Δα｜＝２４＇＇８，｜Δδ｜＝２７＇＇。 相似文献
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本文给出３５个不同类型含ＳｉＯ（ｖ＝１,Ｊ＝１－０）脉泽发射的ＡＧＢ星的近红外观测结果（其中包括６个Ⅰ型ＯＨ星,１３个Ⅱ型ＯＨ星,９个仅有ＳｉＯ脉泽的星以及７个无ＯＨ脉泽但有ＳｉＯ和Ｈ２Ｏ脉泽的星）．得出了它们的ＪＨＫ星等和流量．同时经认证找出了它们对应的ＩＲＡＳ观测数据．通过对它们的近红外、中远红外以及ＯＨ射电资料的同时分析,得出了不同类型ＳｉＯ脉泽星的色指数、谱斜率以及在近红外波段上拟合的等效黑体温度Ｔｅｑ．由红外及ＯＨ射电资料导出了其中心星的质量损失率Ｍ,并在此基础上结合已知的ＳｉＯ脉泽源资料,找出了不同类型ＳｉＯ脉泽星各量之间的关系．计算结果表明,ＳｉＯ脉泽具有普遍性,在各类脉泽星中都可出现．ＳｉＯ脉泽的光度与质量损失率弱相关,并且从（Ｍｉｒａ）ＳｉＯ到（ＯＨ／ＩＲ）ＳｉＯ逐渐增加．ＳｉＯ脉泽的流量与近红外“色”以及等效黑体温度Ｔｅｑ的关系较为密切．ＳｉＯ脉泽积分流量的上限与ＩＲＡＳ在１２μｍ和２５μｍ上流量分别都相关．本文对ＳｉＯ脉泽在ＡＧＢ演化中的地位和特殊性进行了简单讨论． 相似文献
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《中国天文和天体物理学报》2014,(9)
正Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics publishes original research papers and reviews 011 all liranchcs of astronoiriy and astrophysics.Reviews arc by invitation only.Important new results that require rapid publication can be submitted as a Letter(Letters must be restricted in length 相似文献
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Laura Schaefer 《Icarus》2004,169(1):216-241
We modified the MAGMA chemical equilibrium code developed by Fegley and Cameron (1987, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 82, 207-222) and used it to model vaporization of high temperature silicate lavas on Io. The MAGMA code computes chemical equilibria in a melt, between melt and its equilibrium vapor, and in the gas phase. The good agreement of MAGMA code results with experimental data and with other computer codes is demonstrated. The temperature-dependent pressure and composition of vapor in equilibrium with lava is calculated from 1700 to 2400 K for 109 different silicate lavas in the ONaKFeSiMgCaAlTi system. Results for five lavas (tholeiitic basalt, alkali basalt, Barberton komatiite, dunite, and a molten type B1 Ca, Al-rich inclusion) are discussed in detail. The effects of continuous fractional vaporization on chemistry of these lavas and their equilibrium vapor are presented. The predicted abundances (relative to Na) of K, Fe, Si, Al, Ca, and Ti in the vapor equilibrated with lavas at 1900 K are lower than published upper limits for Io's atmosphere (which do not include Mg). We predict evaporative loss of alkalis, Fe, and Si during volcanic eruptions. Sodium is more volatile than K, and the Na/K ratio in the gas is decreased by fractional vaporization. This process can match Io's atmospheric Na/K ratio of 10±3 reported by Brown (2001, Icarus 151, 190-195). Silicon monoxide is an abundant species in the vapor above lavas. Spectroscopic searches are recommended for SiO at IR and mm wavelengths. Reactions of metallic vapors with S- and Cl-bearing volcanic gases may form other unusual gases including MgCl2, MgS, MgCl, FeCl2, FeS, FeCl, and SiS. 相似文献
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《中国天文和天体物理学报》2014,(10)
正Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics publishes original research papers and reviews on all branches of astronomy and astrophysics.Reviews are by invitation only.Important new results that require rapid publication can be submitted as a Letter(Letters must be restricted in length to 6 printed pages).Authors who submit a paper are expected to be able to certify that the paper is original work, 相似文献
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Laura Schaefer 《Icarus》2005,173(2):454-468
We use chemical equilibrium calculations to model the speciation of alkalis and halogens in volcanic gases emitted on Io. The calculations cover wide temperature (500-2000 K) and pressure (10−6 to 10+1 bars) ranges, which overlap the nominal conditions at Pele (T=1760 K, P=0.01 bars). About 230 compounds of 11 elements (O, S, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, F, Cl, Br, I) are considered. The elemental abundances for O, S, Na, K, and Cl are based upon observations. CI chondritic elemental abundances relative to sulfur are used for the other alkalis and halogens (as yet unobserved on Io). We predict the major alkali species in Pele-like volcanic gases and the percentage distribution of each alkali are LiCl (73%), LiF (27%); NaCl (81%), Na (16%), NaF (3%); KCl (91%), K (5%), KF (4%); RbCl (93%), Rb (4%), RbF (3%); CsCl (92%), CsF (6%), Cs (2%). Likewise the major halogen species and the percentage distribution of each halogen are NaF (88%), KF (10%), LiF (2%); NaCl (89%), KCl (11%); NaBr (89%), KBr (10%), Br (1%); NaI (61%), I (30%), KI (9%). We predict the major halogen condensates and their condensation temperatures at P=0.01 bar are NaF (1115 K), LiF (970 K); NaCl (1050 K), KCl (950 K); KBr (750 K), RbBr (730 K), CsBr (645 K); and solid I2 (200 K). We also model disequilibrium chemistry of the alkalis and halogens in the volcanic plume. Based on this work and our prior modeling for Na, K, and Cl in a volcanic plume, we predict the major loss processes for the alkali halide gases are photolysis and/or condensation onto grains. Their estimated photochemical lifetimes range from a few minutes for alkali iodides to a few hours for alkali fluorides. Condensation is apparently the only loss process for elemental iodine. On the basis of elemental abundances and photochemical lifetimes, we recommend searching for gaseous KCl, NaF, LiF, LiCl, RbF, RbCl, CsF, and CsCl around volcanic vents during eruptions. Based on abundance considerations and observations of brown dwarfs we also recommend a search of Io's extended atmosphere and the Io plasma torus for neutral and ionized Li, Cs, Rb, and F. 相似文献
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Li Xin-nan Zhang Hai-ying Cui Xiang-qun Jiang Zi-bo Zheng Yi Liu Xing-tao Ni Hou-kun 《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2012
A special stressed annular polishing technique is proposed to mill the off-axis aspheric sub-mirrors of a large segmented mirror with an annular polishing machine. Based on the basic principle of stressed annular polishing technique, a set of special stressing mechanisms are designed to convert milling the aspheric surfaces of sub-mirrors with different off-axis distances into milling the spherical surfaces with identical radii of curvature, so that they can be pol- ished simultaneously on a continuous polishing machine. It took about contin- uous 40 hours to polish a scaled-down mirror of the planning Chinese Future Giant Telescope (CFGT) using this technique. This mirror has the 330 mm di- ameter, 3.6 m off-axis distance, and the 21.6 m radius of curvature, and its max- imum asphericity is 16 micron. The experiment shows that this method has a high effciency, suits batch manufacturing, especially the batch manufacturing of aspheric sub-mirrors of the segmented primary mirror of an extremely large aperture telescope. 相似文献
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Yehouda Enzel Rivka Amit Uri Dayan Onn Crouvi Ron Kahana Baruch Ziv David Sharon 《Global and Planetary Change》2008,60(3-4):165-192
Modern-day synoptic-scale eastern Mediterranean climatology provides a useful context to synthesize the diverse late Pleistocene (60–12 ka) paleohydrologic and paleoenvironmental indicators of past climatic conditions in the Levant and the deserts to its south and east. We first critically evaluate, extract, and summarize paleoenvironmental and paleohydrologic records. Then, we propose a framework of eastern Mediterranean atmospheric circulation features interacting with the morphology and location of the southeast Mediterranean coast. Together they strongly control the spatial distribution of rainfall and wind pattern. This cyclone–physiography interaction enforces the observed rainfall patterns by hampering rainfall generation south and southeast of the latitude of the north Sinai coast, currently at 31°15′.The proposed framework explains the much-increased rains in Lebanon and northern Israel and Jordan as deduced from pollen, rise and maintenance of Lake Lisan, and speleothem formation in areas currently arid and semiarid. The proposed framework also accounts for the southward and eastward transition into semiarid, arid, and hyperarid deserts as expressed in thick loess accumulation at the deserts' margins, dune migration from west to east in the Sinai and the western Negev, and the formation of hyperarid (< 80 mm yr− 1) gypsic–salic soils in the southern Negev and Sinai. Our climatic synthesis explains the hyperarid condition in the southern Negev, located only 200–250 km south of the much-increased rains in the north, probably reflecting a steeper rainfall gradient than the present-day gradient from the wetter Levant into its bordering southern and eastern deserts.At present, the rainiest winter seasons in Lebanon and northern and central Israel are associated with more frequent (+ 20%), deeper Cyprus Lows traversing the eastern Mediterranean at approximately the latitude of southern Turkey. Even these wettest years in northern Israel do not yield above average annual rainfall amounts in the hyperarid southern Negev. This region is mainly influenced by the Active Red Sea Troughs that produce only localized rains. The eastern Mediterranean Cyprus Lows also produce more dust storms and transport higher amounts of suspended dust to the loess area than any other atmospheric pattern. Concurrent rainfall and dust are essential to the late Pleistocene formation of the elongated thick loess zone along the desert northern margin. Even with existing dust storms, the lack of rain and very sparse vegetation account for the absence of late Pleistocene loess sequences from the southern Negev and the formation of hyperarid soils.When the north Sinai coast shifted 30–70 km northwest due to last glacial global sea level lowering, the newly exposed coastal areas supplied the sand and dust to these active eastern Mediterranean cyclones. This enforced the latitude of the northern boundary of the loess zone to be directly due east of the LGM shoreline. This shift of coast to the northwest inhibited rainfall in the southern Levant deserts and maintained their hyperaridity. Concurrently, frequent deep eastern Mediterranean Cyprus Lows were funneled along the northern Mediterranean increasing (probably doubling) the rains in central and northern Israel, Lebanon, southwestern Syria and northern Jordan. These storms and rains formed lakes, forests, and speleothems only a short distance north of the deserts in the southern Levant. 相似文献
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Philippe Stee 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2003,286(1-2):225-236
Interferometry in the visible provides milliarcsecond spatial resolution and thus has been used for studying the circumstellar
environment of active hot stars. In this paper I will illustrate how the visibility modulus and phase can be used to better
constrain the physics of Be disks through results from the VLA, the MkII and the GI2T interferometers. I will insist on the
importance and the potential of coupling high angular resolution with high spectral resolution to the study of Be shells.
Finally I will present a possible study of the circumstellar disk of Be stars using the VLTI.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献