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1.
根据贫金属星个别重元素丰度的观测值和太阳系重核素的ｒ过程和ｓ过程分量的丰度分布,计算了贫金属星ＨＤ２０３６０８和ＨＤ２１１９９８的重元素丰度并与观测进行了比较。结果表明,太阳系纯ｒ过程和ｓ过程元素丰度均不能拟合出这二颗样品星的丰度观测值,而应同时考虑ｒ过程和ｓ过程的贡献 相似文献
2.
贫金属星重元素平均丰度的金属丰度分区研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
将「Ｆｅ／Ｈ」从－３．０到０．０等分成１０个区间,利用三种中子俘获过程的典型元素的观测丰度平均值,研究各核合成过程在各区间对重元素丰度的平均贡献,以及其它重元素的平均丰度,并与观测平均丰度进行比较,结果表明,在「Ｆｅ／Ｈ」〉－２．２范围内,各重元素核合成过程产生的重元素平均丰度分布与太阳系相似,但不同核合成过程的平均贡献献比例与太阳系不相同。 相似文献
3.
将[Fe／H]从-3．0到0．0等分成10个区间,利用三种中子俘获过程的典型元素的观测丰度平均值,研究各核合成过程在各区间对重元素丰度的平均贡献,以及其它重元素的平均丰度,并与观测平均丰度进行比较．结果表明,在[Fe／H]＞－2．2范围内,各重元素核合成过程产生的重元素平均丰度分布与太阳系相似,但不同核合成过程的平均贡献比例与太阳系不相同． 相似文献
4.
根据贫金属星个别重元素丰度的观测值和太阳系重核素的ｒ－过程和ｓ－过程分量的丰度分布,计算了贫金属星ＨＤ２０３６０８和ＨＤ２１１９９８的重元素丰度并与观测进行了比较。结果表明,太阳系纯ｒ－过程和ｓ－过程元素丰度均不能拟合出这二颗样品星的丰度观测值,而应同时考虑ｒ－过程和ｓ－过程的贡献。 相似文献
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在包括双星及逃逸物质的系统总角动量守恒模型的基础上,采用星风质量吸积机制,由伴星通过逐次脉冲从主星吸积物质并与其外包层进行混合的模型出发,自洽地计算了钡星的重元素超丰,并给出理论计算结果与观测值的比较．计算结果表明,当取Ｂｏｎｄｉ－Ｈｏｙｌｅ质量吸积率的五分之一作为实际吸积率时,对于轨道周期较长（Ｐ＞１６００天）、相距较远的钡星系统,在误差范围内,理论计算曲线与大多数样品星的重元素丰度观测值相符合;而对于ＨＤ２０４０７５和ＨＤ１６４５８两颗钡星,将质量吸积率增大为Ｂｏｎｄｉ－Ｈｏｙｌｅ质量吸积率的二分之一时,计算结果与观测值符合较好,这表明质量吸积率在Ｂｏｎｄｉ－Ｈｏｙｌｅ质量吸积率的十分之一至二分之一之间．对于具有较短轨道周期（Ｐ＜６００天）的钡星系统,计算结果与丰度观测值偏差较大,表明钡星系统中还有其它的形成机制． 相似文献
7.
在提出的贫金属星中子俘获元素丰度的计算模型基础上研究1999年新发表的21颗贫金属星的中子俘获元素丰度分布。结果表明，对较重的中子俘获元素理论预测曲线与观测值符合得很好，而对较轻的中子俘获元素二者有所偏离。这表明在贫金属环境下，对较重的中子俘获元素各核合成过程产生的丰度分布与太阳系中相应过程的丰度分布相似，但贡献比例与太阳系不同；而对较轻的中子俘获元素丰度分布与太阳系的丰度分布有所偏离；这也说明较轻的和较重的中子俘获元素的核合成场所不同，即具有不同的核合成机制。同时还特别讨论了丰度观测误差对表征各核合成过程的分量系数的影响。 相似文献
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给出并解释了星际介质中轻元素D，3He，4He和Li的最新观测数据．星际介质中轻元素的丰度观测结果可以用来检验标准大爆炸核合成理论，因此对这些元素的丰度研究具有重要的天体物理意义．到目前为止，轻元素丰度的观测结果基本上支持开放宇宙的观点．根据最新的观测结果，在本地星际介质中D丰度可能存在小尺度不均匀性，而对类星体吸收云的观测表明不同观测者所获得的原初D丰度结果最大差别可达一个量级．如果观测是可靠的，那么在目前的标准大爆炸核合成理论和星系化学演化模型框架下还不能解释这种结果．另外种种迹象表明太阳系丰度可能不代表45亿年前本地星际介质的丰度． 相似文献
10.
在包括双星及逃逸物质的系统总角动量守恒模型的基础上,采用了星风质量吸积机制、由伴星通过逐次脉冲从主星吸积物质并与其外包层进行混合的模型出发,自洽地计算了钡星的重元素超丰,并给出理论计算结果与观测值的比较,计算结果表明,当取Ｂｏｎｄｉ－Ｈｏｙｌｅ质量吸积率的五分之一作为实际吸积率时,对于轨道周期较长、相距较远的钡星系统。在误差范围内,理论计算曲线与在多数样品星的重元素观测值相符合;而对于ＨＤ２０４０ 相似文献
11.
Ge-Ying Xie Bo ZhangHong-Jie Li Jin-Jiang HuChen-Pu Li 《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2011,35(1):29
Based on a large amount of observed data of element abundances in metal-poor stars, taking the abundance distribution of heavy elements in the solar system as a standard, and selecting Sr, Ba and Eu as the typical elements of the three nucleosynthetic processes in metal-poor stars, namely the weak sprocess, main s-process and r-process, we have studied the contributions of the three kinds of neutron-capture processes to the abundance distribution of heavy elements in metal-poor stars, with the parameterization method. It is found that the higher the metal abundance, the greater the contributions of the weak s-process and the chief s-process to the abundances of lighter neutron-capture elements. The heavier neutron-capture elements are mainly produced by the r-process and the chief s-process; and that at low metallicity, the abundances of heavy neutron-capture elements are mainly produced by the r-process. In the early Galaxy, the weak s-process has almost no contribution to the element abundance. 相似文献
12.
The abundances of heavy elements in EMP stars are not well explained by the simple view of an initial basic “rapid” process. In a careful and homogeneous analysis of the “First Stars” sample (eighty per cent of the stars have a metallicity [Fe/H] ≃ –3.1 ± 0.4), it has been shown that at this metallicity [Eu/Ba] is constant, and therefore the europium‐rich stars (generally called “r‐rich”) are also Ba‐rich. The very large variation of [Ba/Fe] (existence of “r‐poor” and “r‐rich” stars) induces that the early matter was not perfectly mixed. On the other hand, the distribution of the values of [Sr/Ba] vs. [Ba/Fe] appears with well defined upper and lower envelopes. No star was found with [Sr/Ba] < –0.5 and the scatter of [Sr/Ba] increases regularly when [Ba/Fe] decreases. To explain this behavior, we suggest that an early “additional” process forming mainly first peak elements would affect the initial composition of the matter. For a same quantity of accreted matter, this additional Sr production would barely affect the r‐rich matter (which already contains an important quantity of Sr) but would change significantly the composition of the r‐poor matter. The abundances found in the CEMP‐r+s stars reflect the transfer of heavy elements from a defunct AGB companion. But the abundances of the heavy elements in CEMP‐no stars present the same characteristics as the the abundances in the EMP stars. Direct stellar ages may be found from radioactive elements, the precision is limited by the precision in the measurements of abundances from faint lines in faint stars, and the uncertainty in the initial abundances of the radioactive elements. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) 相似文献
13.
We present the results of our abundance analysis for the atmosphere of the chemically peculiar Ap star HD 8441. HD 8441 is interesting in that the lines of rare-earth elements in its spectrum are weak and the longitudinal magnetic field component is small, being only several hundred gauss. Our estimates of the evolutionary status for HD 8441 have confirmed that it belongs to the group of Ap stars with weak lines of rare-earth elements in their spectra that leave the main sequence. A stratification analysis of the atmosphere of HD 8441 assuming a stepwise distribution of elements with depth reveals a nonuniform distribution of Si, Ca, Cr,Mn, and Fe with a significant increase in elemental abundances in deeper layers. The derived distribution qualitatively agrees with predictions of the theory of diffusive separation of elements under the action of radiation pressure forces and gravity. Comparison of the chemical composition and evolutionary status of HD 8441 with those of the stars HD 66318 and HD 144897 with strong magnetic fields shows that their atmospheres differ mainly by the abundances of rare-earth elements. The iron-peak elements exhibit large overabundances irrespective of the magnetic field strength. 相似文献
14.
F. Primas 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1999,265(1-4):67-70
A new sample of 7 stars ranging in metallicity from [Fe/H] = −2.0 to [Fe/H] = −0.75 has been analyzed in the boron spectral
region. The targets were selected according to the availability (in the literature) of their lithium and beryllium abundances,
because the simultaneous knowledge of LiBeB in the same targets is a powerful diagnostic for testing depletion and internal
mixing predicted by different stellar structure models. Two stars (HD 94028 and HD 194598), characterized by similar Li contents,
are found to have also similar B abundances, despite a 0.3 dex difference in their Be abundances claimed by Thorburn and Hobbs
(1996). Four stars out of 7 are characterized by strongly depleted Li and Be abundances: 2 of them (HD 2665 and HD 3795) are
also significantly B-depleted, while two others (HD 106516 and HD 221377) have near normal B abundances despite being depleted
by a factor ≥ 10 in both Li and Be abundances. These stars place strong constraints on the nature and depth of the mixing
processes responsible for their light element abundances. The 7th star (HD 160617) shows the remarkable aspect of deficient
B, probably deficient Be, and completely normal Li. No stellar destruction mechanism can explain this. Rather, chemical inhomogeneities
in the halo could be the cause.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
15.
Xiao-jing Shen Bo Zhang Hong-jie Li Shuai Liang Wen-yuan Cui 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2013,343(2):541-554
The chemical abundances of the Ba stars are excellent information for setting constraints on models of s-processes nucleosynthesis. In this work, we adopt a new analysis approach to determine the relative contributions from individual neutron-capture processes to the elemental abundances of Ba stars. We find that the production of s-process elements should accompany by the production of Cu and Zn, the calculated results on Cu and Zn abundances are in quite good agreement with observed data. The observed [Cu, Zn/Fe]–[s/Fe] correlations of Ba stars can be explained by binary scenario in which Ba stars formed. 相似文献
16.
The first stars are assumed to be predominantly massive. Although, due to the low initial abundances of heavy elements the
line-driven stellar winds are supposed to be inefficient in the first stars, these stars may loose a significant amount of
their initial mass by other mechanisms. 相似文献
17.
《New Astronomy Reviews》1999,43(2-4):185-200
Nucleosynthesis is the process by which chemical elements and their isotopes are formed. The heavy elements (carbon and heavier ones) are thought to be the result of thermonuclear burning in stars, and especially the relatively rare stars that become supernovae. Big Bang nucleosynthesis generated few elements: only hydrogen, deuterium, some of the helium and lithium, traces (if any) of beryllium and boron. After a brief overview of the physical processes involved therein, we present the predictions of the primordial nucleosynthesis in the standard Big Bang model and compare them to the abundances of the primordial light elements as derived from observational data. 相似文献