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1.
柯林斯冰帽两支冰芯层位记录证实了该冰帽主冰穹顶部(海拔约700m)属暖渗浸带,小冰穹顶部(海拔约250m)属渗浸带。雪、冰的层位分布和密度变化包含了一定的测年信息。主冰穹顶冰芯密度-深度曲线在表层呈现韵律性变化,与层位记录中的融化冻结现象相对应,据此粗略划分年层,断定当地年积累雪层厚度为3-3.5m,折合水当量1650-1925kg/m2a,年平均积累速率约为2.0m/a(冰当量)。主冰穹顶成冰深度为38-39m,此深度以上密度自上而下缓慢增加,但以下由于含水层的出现,密度迅速升高,在5-6m区间达到900kg/m3。小冰穹冰芯除表层外,密度基本在800-900kg/m3之间,冰芯中雪冰互层,存在污化面,40m以下发现很厚的火山灰沉积物。小冰穹平均年积累率约为0.7m/a(冰当量),成冰深度7-8m,成冰年限为10年左右  相似文献   

2.
中山站地区大气边界层结构和湍流通量的输送特征   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
本文根据作者随中国第11次南极考察队(1994-1996年)赴中山站夏考期间,使用TMT(系留式气象塔)观测系统,在中山站、冰盖和海冰等三个点上观测到的气温、湿度、风速、风向和气压等大气要素的廓线资料,利用相似理论的通量-廓线关系,给出这三个观测点上的动量通量、曳力系数和感热通量,在近中性条件下,中山站粗糙度高度为2.9cm,冰盖与海冰点二者粗糙度高度差不多,分别为2.8×10-2cm和3.6×10-2cm,曳力系数则分别为5.06×10-3、1.34×10-3和1.41×10-3。结果表明,即使在中山站地区这样一个尺度范围内,由于下垫面的热力学特性、地形、地貌、地势和地理位置等的差异,无论是大气边界层结构还是湍流通量等的输送特性都有明显的差别,因此南极地区的大气边界层结构和冰(雪)-气交换特征都是比较复杂的,具有很强的局地性  相似文献   

3.
自1992年4月12日至12月30日对中山站附近内拉峡湾冰下水柱中浮游植物生物量以及环境因子的季节变化进行了测定。水中叶绿素a含量在0.03-21.40mg/m3之间波动,在覆冰期间,生物量基本上随深度的增加而下降;5-9月份各层次的生物量普遍低于0.5mg/m3,8-9月份低于0.1mg/m3。各层次中以水表含量的季节变化最为明显,成冰后在9月份形成低谷,于12月中旬紧接着冰底水华的消失而形成单一峰值。生物量中微型浮游植物(<20μm)的比重在4-9月份的多数层次占有一半以上,10月份后随着生物量的上升而下降,在水华期水表的比重最低,仅占总量的3.2%。其柱总生物量基本上与冰中生物量处于同一数量级,在冰藻水华期其量值甚至低于冰中生物量。营养盐(μmol/L)的波动范围为PO4-P:0.32-0.79,SiO3-Si:26.47-69.92,NO3-N:1.41-31.75,尽管水华期水表营养盐含量降至观测期间的最低点,但仍能满足冰下浮游植物的生长所需。光辐照度由于在冰水界面的量值仅为冰表入射光的不足5.3%至低于1%,成为水中产量最为可能的限制因子。  相似文献   

4.
新疆车尔臣河平原深部第四系划分研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
通过对TK17孔采用岩石地层学、磁性地层学、气候地层学多项测试研究。对新疆车尔臣河流域进行第四纪划分。根据《中国地层指南及中国地层指南说明》及古地磁年龄测定结果表明:孔深0~7.00m为全新统,底界时限0.011Ma;孔深7~46.6m为上更新统,底界时限0.128Ma;孔深46.6~124.1m为中更新统,底界时限0.78Ma;孔深124.1~368.7m为下更新统,底界时限2.6Ma;孔深368.7~400.22m为新近系上新统。  相似文献   

5.
何剑锋  陈波 《南极研究》1995,7(4):53-64
从1992年4月12月对东南极中山近央求发年冰生物是及其环境因子进行了预测。冰底有色层出现在4月下旬和11月下旬,集中于冰底2-3cm,叶绿素α最高含量分别为88.3mg/m^3和2810mg/,^3,相应的冰藻数量分别为3.5×10^6和1.21×10^8个/升。  相似文献   

6.
吉隆盆地七级阶地和一级山顶剥蚀面的存在说明:本区自早更新世沉积贡巴砾岩后,新构造运动抬升有8次,其中以早更新世Q_1晚期至中更新世Q_2抬升最强,共5次,相对于吉隆河河面(盆地基准面)的抬升幅度896m;晚更新世Q_3和全新世Q_4两者共3次的抬升幅度较小(计74m).区内第四纪以来经历过4次冰期:2次发生在Q_1晚期至Q-2,2次分别出现于Q_3,Q_4.从漂砾数量推断,以Q_3冰期规模最大,Q_4冰期规模次之.  相似文献   

7.
何剑锋  陈波 《极地研究》1995,7(4):56-67
从1992年4月至12月对东南极中山站近岸当年冰生物量及其环境因子进行了观测。冰底有色层出现在4月下旬和11月下旬,集中于冰底2~3cm,叶绿素a最高含量分别为88.3mg/m3和2810mg/m3,相应的冰藻数量分别为3.5×106和1.21×108个/升。柱总叶绿素a含量的季节性变化极为显著,尤其是以春季的大幅度快速增值为特征,变化范围为1.17~59.7mg/m2,冰藻生物量主要分布在冰底,冬季期间则集中在冰底或冰的中上层。藻类优势种较为单一,秋季优势种为Nitzschialecointei、N.barkleyi和N.cylindrus;春季优势种为Amphiprorakjelmani,Berkeleyarutilans和N.lecointei。中山站近岸冰藻生物量的垂直分布和季节变化以及春季优势种的组成与东南极其它固冰区具有较强的相似性,与亚南极固冰区差异较大。  相似文献   

8.
中山站地区在气边界层结构和湍流通量的输送特征   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
本文根据作者随中国第11次南极考察队(1994-1996年)赴中山站夏考期间,使用TMT(系留式气象塔)观察系统,在中山站,冰盖和海冰等三个点上观测到的气温,湿度,风速,风向和气压等大气要素的廓线资料,利用相似理论为通量-廓线关系,给出这三个观测点上的动量通量,曳力系数和感热通量,在近中性条件下,中山站粗糙度高度为2.9cm冰盖与海冰点二者粗糙度高度差不多,分别为2.8×10^-2cm和3.6×1  相似文献   

9.
林继生  王前 《热带地理》1993,13(4):314-319
本文通过对广州市1985-1987年荷斯坦113头第一胎泌乳母牛逐日产奶量与同期的逐日平均气温、日最高气温、日最低气温、湿球温度、水汽压和温湿度指数的统计分析,结果认为,影响广州地区荷斯坦奶牛产量的主要气象因子为高温。在泌乳早期泌乳的最佳温度和适宜的范围分别为:T15.7℃,10.1-19.4℃;Tm17.2℃,12.0-24.3℃;Tm13.2℃,7.9-18.4℃;THI62.0,52.7-7  相似文献   

10.
南极普里兹湾NP951柱样元素地层与古环境初步研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
古森昌  颜文 《极地研究》1997,9(2):33-39
对南极普里兹湾NP951柱样的元素地球化学特征及其古环境意义进行了研究。结果表明,本区沉积物在沉积过程中受冰盖消融、淡水涌入和陆源物质的影响较大;沉积物中SiO2、Al2O3、Fe2O3、CaO、MgO、P、S、Corg等元素组分较好地记录了由古气候变化而引起的物源改变,这些元素组分在地层中的分布规律与古海洋沉积环境及古气候变迁相一致;自晚更新世末期以来的气候大致可分为温暖期、寒冷期、高温期、转冷期和转暖期五个区段;在柱样的145cm(14.4kaB.P.)、85cm(10.3kaB.P.)和25cm(6.3kaB.P.)处出现了古气温的高值点,指示了气候的变化;85cm处元素含量的突变指示了异常事件的发生,该层位正好对应于哥德堡地球磁场漂移,全球气温突然变暖,标志着10.3kaB.P.以后南极地区进入了全新世。  相似文献   

11.
BOOK REVIEWS     
Book Reviewed in this article: Development and Environment in Peninsular Malaysia . S. Robert Aiken, Colin H. Leigh, Thomas R. Leinbach, Michael R. Moss. The Rural-Urban Fringe: Canadian Perspectives . Ken B. Beesley and Lorne H. Russwurm, eds. Women and Development . Lourdes Benería, ed. The Border that Joins: Mexican Migrants and U.S. Responsibility . Peter G. Brown and Henry Shue, eds. Cities of the World: World Regional Urban Development . Stanley D. Brunn and Jack L. Williams, eds. Time Resources, Society, and Ecology: On the Capacity for Human Interaction in Space and Time (Vol. I, Preindustrial Societies). Tommy Carlstein. Urban Geography . David Clark. Spanish City Planning in North America . Dora P. Crouch, Daniel J. Garr, and Axel I. Mundigo. Not On Our Street: Community Attitudes to Mental Health Care . M. J. Dear and S. M. Taylor Unequal growth: Urban and Regional Employment Change in the U.K. Stephen Fothergill and Graham Gudgin. Agricultural Land in an Urban Society . Owen J. Furuseth and John T. Pierce. The Petroleum Industry in Oil-Importing Developing Countries . Fariborz Ghadar. Historical Understanding in Geography, An Idealist Approach . Leonard Guelke. Regional Planning in Europe . R. Hudson and J. R. Lewis, eds. Remote Sensing for Resource Management . Chris J. Johannsen and James L. Sanders, eds. Geography and The State . R. J. Johnston. Texas Graveyards: a Cultural Legacy . Tlrry G. Jordan. The Politics of Location: An Introduction . Andrew Kirby. A Social Geography of the City . David Ley. Energy and the Future . Douglas MacLean and Peter Brown, eds. The Natural Environment of Newfoundland Past and Present . A. G. Macpherson and J. B. Macpherson, eds. Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts . Alister Mathieson and Geoffrey Wall. Railroads and Land Grant Policy: A Study in Government Intervention . Lloyd J. Mercer. Progress in Rural Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Urban Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Models of Spatial Inequality: Settlement Patterns in Historical Archaeology . Robert Paynter. Natural Hazard Risk Assessment and Public Policy, Anticipating the Unexpected . William J. Petak and Arthur A. Atkisson. The Nature of Geomorphology . Alistair F. Pitty. Regional Conflict and National Policy . Kent A. Price Women and Spatial Change: Learning Resources for Social Science Courses . Arlene C. Rengert and Janice J. Monk, eds. Urban and Regional Analysis for Development Planning . Richard Rhoda. Rivers: Form and Process in Alluvial Channels . Keith Richards. This Remarkable Continent: An Atlas of United States and Canadian Society and Culture . John F. Rooney, Jr., Wilbur Zelinsky, and Dean R. Louder, gen. eds. The Origins of Open-Field Agriculture . Trevor Rowley, ed. Residential Location Determinants of the Older Population . Gundars Rudzitis. Borderland Sourcebook: A Guide to the Literature on Northern Mexico and the American Southwest . Ellwyn R. Stoddard, Richard L. Nostrand, and Jonathan P. West, eds. Arctic and Antarctic . David Sugden. Tall Timbers Ecology and Management Conference, February 22–24, 1979, Proceedings No. 16 . Graphic Communication and Design in Contemporary Cartography (Progress in Contemporary Cartography , Vol. II). D. R. Fraser Taylor, ed. Living with Energy Shortfall: A Future for American Towns and Cities . Jon Van Til. The United States: Habitation of Hope . J. Wreford Watson. Air Photo Interpretation for Archaeologists . D. R. Wilson. Urban and Rural Change in West Germany . Trevor Wild, ed. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson.  相似文献   

12.
BOOK REVIEWS     
Book Reviewed in this article: Geography and the Third World. International Seminar, 14–18 May 1980, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia . Ishmail Ahmad and Jamaluddin Md Jahi, eds. The Growth Dilemma: Residents' Views and Local Population Change in the United States . Mark Baldassare. Sport and Place: A Geography of Sport in England, Scotland & Wales . John Bale. The Deindustrialization of America: Plant Closings, Community Abandonment, and the Dismantling of Basic Industry . Barry Bluestone and Bennett Harrison. Selected Essays 1963–1975: Carl O. Sauer . Bob Callahen, ed. Housing and Planning in the Countryside . G. Clark. Conflict, Politics and the Urban Scene . Kevin R. Cox and R. J. Johnston, eds. Thematic Maps: Their Design and Production . David J. Cuff and Mark T. Mattson. Wine: A Geographic Appreciation . Harm Jan de Blij. USSR in Maps . J. C. Dewdney. Political Geography: A Contemporary Perspective . Ramesh D. Dikshit. Rethinking Human Adaptation . Rada Dyson-Hudson and Michael A. Little, eds. Sacred Sands: The Struggle for Community in the indiana Dunes . J. Ronald Engel. Geography of the Biosphere . A. Furley and Walter W. Newey. Disaster and Reconstruction . Robert Geipel. Glasgow: The Making of a City . Andrew Gibb. Design for Arid Regions . Giden S. Golany, ed. Urbanization and Cancer Mortality: The United States Experience, 1950–1975 . Michael R. Greenberg. Geology in the Nineteenth Century: Changing Views of a Changing World . Mott T. Greene. Colonización y Destrucción de Bosques en Panamá . Stanley Heckadon Moreno and Alberto McKay, eds. Urban Geography: A First Approach . David T. Herbert and Colin J. Thomas. The Visual and Spatial Structure of Landscapes . Tadahiko Higuchi. Climate from Tree Rings . M. K. Hughes, P. M. Kelly, J. R. Pilcher, and V. C. LaMarche, Jr., eds. The structure of Nineteenth Century Cities . James H. Johnson and Colin G. Pooley, eds. The American Planner: Biographies and Recollections . Donald A. Krueckeberg, ed. Urban Land Policy For the 1980s, the Message for State and Local Government . George Lefcoe, ed. Regional Planning: Evolution, Crisis and Prospects . Gill C. Lim, ed. Relevance and Ethics In Geography . Bruce Mitchell and Dianne Draper. China: The Geography of Development and Modernization . Clifton W. Pannell and Laurence J. C. MA. The Urban Retailing System . Robert B. Potter. Hants. Nonconventional Energy Resources . Philip R. Pryde. Caribbean Migrants: Environment and Human Survival on St. Kitts and Nevis . Bonham C. Richardson. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson. East Los Angeles: History of A Barrio . Ricardo Romo. Integrated Impact Assessment . Frederick A. Rossini and Alan L. Porter, eds. Environmental Aesthetics: Essays in Interpretation . Barry Sadler and Allen Carlson, eds. Earthwatch . Charles Sheffield. Field Techniques and Research Methods in Geography . Robert H. Stoddard. Haiti: Land of Poverty . Robert J. Tata. Weathering and Erosion: Sources and Methods in Geography . Stephen T. Trudgill. Once Beneath the Forest. Prehistoric Terracing in the Río Bec Region of the Maya Lowlands . B. L. Turner, II. The Historical Geography of Scotland since 1707 . David Turnock.  相似文献   

13.

Reviews of geographic software in this article:

DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS.

ESP

GAUSS.

CEMODEL S. Damus

LIMDEP. William H. Greene

MICROSTAT 4.1

OTIS

PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System). H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein.

REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS)

SPSS/PC+

URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS)  相似文献   

14.
BOOK REVIEWS     
Book Reviewed in this article: Rabat: Urban Apartheid in Morocco . Janet Abu -Lughod . Marketplaces in a Developing Country: The Case of Western Nigeria . Isaac Ayinde Adalemo . Farming Development and Space: A World Agricultural Geography . Bernd Andreae . Section and Party: A Political Geography of American Presidential Elections, from Andrew Jackson to Ronald Reagan . J. Clark Archer and Peter J. Taylor . Women and Space: Ground Rules and Social Maps . Shirley Ardener , ed. European Progress in Spatial Analysis . R. J. Bennett , ed. The Origins of Academic Geography in the United States . Brian W. Blouet Geographic Perspectives on Global Problems . Ronald Reed Boyce . Seasonal Dimensions to Rural Poverty . Robert Chambers , Richard Longhurst and Arnold Pacey eds. The New Nationalism and the Use of Common Spaces: Issues in Marine Pollution and the Exploitation of Antarctica . Jonathan I. Charney , ed. Communications Tomorrow: The Coming of the Information Society . Edward Cornish , ed. The Design of Suburbia . Arthur Edwards . Explorer on the Northern Plains: Lieutenant Gouverneur K. Warren's Preliminary Report of Explorations in Nebraska and Dakota in the Years 1855–56–57. With an Introduction by Frank N. Schubert . The Changing Climate: Responses of the Natural Flora and Fauna . Michael J. Ford . Essentials of Physical Geography . Robert E. Gabler , Robert J. Sager , Sheila Brazier , and Daniel L. Wise. The Road to Jaramillo . William Glen . Valued Environments . John R. Gold and Jacquelin Burgess , eds. Proximity and Preference: Problems in the Multidimensional Analysis of Large Data Sets . Reginald G. Golledge and John N. Rayner , eds. A Search for Common Ground . Peter Gould and Gunnar Olsson , eds. Geography: Its History and Concepts . Arild Holt -Jensen . A Population Geography . Huw R. Jones . The Human Mosaic: A Thematic Introduction to Cultural Geography, 3rd ed. Terry G. Jordan and Lester Rowntree . Urban Social Geography: An Introduction . Paul Knox . The Anatomy of Job Loss: The How, Why and Where of Employment Decline . Doreen Massey and Richard Meegan . The Information Society as Post-Industial Society . Yoneji Masuda . Map Librarianship, 2nd ed. Harold Nichols . India: Cultural Patterns and Processes . Allen G. Noble and Ashok K. Dutt , eds. The God that Limps: Science and Technology in the Eighties . Colin Norman . Geography: An Introductory Perspective . Robert E. Norris , Keith D. Harries and John D. Vitek . The Politics of Technology Assessment . David M. O'Brien and Donald A. Marchand . Ethnic Segregation in Cities . Ceri Peach , Vaughan Robinson and Susan Smith , eds. Churches and Church Membership in the United States, 1980 . Bernard Quinn , Herman Anderson , Martin Bradley , Paul Goetting and Peggy Shriver . Energy in Australia: Politics and Economics . Hugh Saddler . Development from Above or Below? The Dialectics of Regional Planning in Developing Countries . Walter B. Stóuhr and D. R. Fraser Taylor , eds. Human Impact on the Ecosystem . Joy Tivy and Greg O'Hare . Plants and People: Vegetation Change in North America . Thomas R. Vale . The Mapmakers: The Story of the Great Pioneers in Cartography from Antiquity to the Space Age . John Noble Wilford .  相似文献   

15.
Desertification is a global phenomenon that affects about two billion people. It occurs in arid zones where the annual precipitation is below 400 mm, partic- ularly in the marginal areas of the world's largest deserts. It is a result of water and wind erosion, over- grazing, global warm-ing, improper soil cultivation, and increased pressure ot population growth, and it causes degradation of soil and natural and agricultural vegetation. The direct result is less food for people and livestock, which influences pop- ulation and animal husbandry fluctuations. Despite ef- forts to combat and reduce desertification, the affected areas are annually increasing.  相似文献   

16.
BOOK REVIEWS     
Book Reviewed in this article: The Rice Economy of Asia . Randolph Barker and Robert W. Herdt with Beth Rose. Using Microcomputers: A Guidebook for Writers, Teachers, and Researchers in the Social Sciences . Blaine A. Erie—the Lake that Survived . Noel M. Burns. Geology and Society . Donald R. Coates. Caves and Karst of Kentucky . Percy H. Dougherty, ed. Altered Harvest: Agriculture, Genetics, and the Fate of the World's Food Supply . Jack Doyle. The Middle East and North Africa, A Political Geography . Alasdair Drysdale and Gerald H. Blake. Clamor at the Gates. The New American Immigration . Nathan Glazer, ed. Development and the Landowner: An analysis of the British experience . Robin Goodchild and Richard Munton. Discovering Landscape in England and Wales . Andrew Goudie and Rita Gardner. The Modern Plantation in the Third World . Edgar Graham and Ingrid Floering. Social Relations and Spatial Structures . Derek Gregory and John Urry, eds. The World Food Problem 1950–1980 . David Grigg. Costa Rica: A Geographical Interpretation in Historical Perspective . Carolyn Hall. The Urbanization of Capital: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey Consciousness and the Urban Experience: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey. Reviving Main Street . Deryck Holdsworth, ed. Rural Roads and Poverty Alleviation . John Howe and Peter Richards, eds. Uneven Development in Southern Europe: Studies of Accumulation, Class, Migration and the State . Ray Hudson and Jim Lewis, eds. Karst Geomorphology . J. N. Jennings. The Geomorphology of North-west England . R. H. Johnson, ed. Climate Impact Assessment: Studies of the Interaction of Climate and Society . Robert Kates, Jesse Ausubel, Mimi Berberian, eds. Public Service Provision and Urban Development . Andrew Kirby, Paul Knox, and Steven Pinch, ed. State and Market: The Politics of the Public and the Private . Jan-Erik Lane, ed. Living Cities . Twentieth Century Fund Task Force on Urban Preservation Policies. World Climatic Systems . John G. Lockwood. Urban Ethnicity in the United States. New Immigrants and Old Minorities . Lionel Maldonaldo and Joan Moore, eds. Culture and Conservation: The Human Dimension in Environmental Planning . Jeffrey A. McNeely and David Pitt, eds. The Andean Past. Land, Societies, and Conflicts . Magnus Mörner. Gaia: An Atlas of Planet Management . Norman Myers, ed. Progress in Industrial Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Political Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Rivers and Landscape . Geoff Petts and Ian Foster. Urbanization and Planning in the 3rd World: Spatial Perceptions and Public Participation . Robert B. Potter. One Island, Two Nations? A Political Geographical Analysis of the National Conflict in Ireland . D. G. Pringle. Circulation in Third World Countries . R. Mansell Prothero and Murray Chapman. The Ozarks Outdoors: A Guide for Fishermen, Hunters, and Tourists . Milton D. Rafferty. Suburban Burglary: A Time and a Place for Everything . George Rengert and John Wasilchick. Geomorphology and Soils . K.S. Richards, R.R. Arnett, and S. Ellis, eds. The Homes and Homeless of Post-War Britain . Frederick Shaw. Indochinese Refugees in America . Paul J. Strand and Woodrow Jones, Jr. Wild Horses and Sacred Cows . Richard Symanski. Forever Wild: Environmental Aesthetics and the Adirondack Forest Preserve . Philip G. Terrie. The Regional Economic Impact of Technological Change . A.T. Thwaites and R.P. Oakey, eds. The Good Life . Yi-Fu Tuan.  相似文献   

17.
Reviews of geographic software in this article: DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS. ESP GAUSS. CEMODEL S. Damus LIMDEP. William H. Greene MICROSTAT 4.1 OTIS PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System) . H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein. REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS) SPSS/PC+ URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS)  相似文献   

18.
19.
《寒旱区科学》2014,(4):I0002-I0003
1. Aims and scope
Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions (SCAR) is a bimonthly journal that publishes in English the latest research achievements in processes and the pattems of the Earth surface system in cold and arid regions. Researches in cold regions emphasize particularly on the cold-region-characterized physical,  相似文献   

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