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P. V. Smirnov A. O. Konstantinov G. N. Aleksandrova O. B. Kuzmina B. N. Shurygin 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2017,475(2):868-871
Peculiarities of the material composition and microstructure of coastal facies of Turtas Lake–Sea were studied in its marginal southwestern part for the first time. Interpretation of the lithological data showed that the deposits considered were formed under the conditions of a slightly saline basin and nearby full-flow river network. Based on the lithological, geochemical, and micropaleontological studies of clay–siliceous rocks of the Lower Turtas Formation (the boundary zone between the Tyumen and Sverdlovsk regions), additional support for the freshwater lake regime of the Late Oligocene Turtas basin is given. 相似文献
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The stratigraphy of marine Plio-Pleistocene sediments from northeast Rhodes (Dodecanese islands, Greece) is revised in the light of facies mapping and the recognition of three major transgression–regression cycles. Before late Pliocene submergence, metamorphosed Mesozoic limestones formed a high-relief karstic landscape. During subsequent transgressions, subsiding basins with spectacular cliffed and bioeroded margins were infilled by a mosaic of carbonate-dominated sediments, sourced by high rates of carbonate productivity on narrow shelves rimming the basins and their drowning islands. Periods of relative sea-level fall superimposed a complex series of ‘fossil’ coastal geomorphological features such as cliffs, abrasion platforms, surf caves, notches, boulder beaches and palaeokarsts. These created the rugged present day topography of the island's northeast coast. Three main lithostratigraphic units, the Kritika, Rhodes and Lindos Acropolis Formations, are defined. The Rhodes and Lindos Acropolis Formations are subdivided into mappable facies groups rather than members, as the lithofacies are strongly diachronous. The Kritika and Rhodes Formations were each subaerially exposed and partly eroded before re-transgression. Although there is a general pattern of lithological succession, details vary across the study area and some facies groups are restricted in development, indicating differences in tectonic behaviour and palaeo-geomorphology between neighbouring basins. A preliminary process-response model is presented for the sedimentation history of the Rhodes and Lindos Acropolis Formations, using sedimentological, palaeontological, palaeoecological and ichnological data. 相似文献
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The stratigraphy of marine Plio-Pleistocene sediments from northeast Rhodes (Dodecanese islands, Greece) is revised in the light of facies mapping and the recognition of three major transgression–regression cycles. Before late Pliocene submergence, metamorphosed Mesozoic limestones formed a high-relief karstic landscape. During subsequent transgressions, subsiding basins with spectacular cliffed and bioeroded margins were infilled by a mosaic of carbonate-dominated sediments, sourced by high rates of carbonate productivity on narrow shelves rimming the basins and their drowning islands. Periods of relative sea-level fall superimposed a complex series of ‘fossil’ coastal geomorphological features such as cliffs, abrasion platforms, surf caves, notches, boulder beaches and palaeokarsts. These created the rugged present day topography of the island's northeast coast. Three main lithostratigraphic units, the Kritika, Rhodes and Lindos Acropolis Formations, are defined. The Rhodes and Lindos Acropolis Formations are subdivided into mappable facies groups rather than members, as the lithofacies are strongly diachronous. The Kritika and Rhodes Formations were each subaerially exposed and partly eroded before re-transgression. Although there is a general pattern of lithological succession, details vary across the study area and some facies groups are restricted in development, indicating differences in tectonic behaviour and palaeo-geomorphology between neighbouring basins. A preliminary process-response model is presented for the sedimentation history of the Rhodes and Lindos Acropolis Formations, using sedimentological, palaeontological, palaeoecological and ichnological data. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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黑龙江省东部残留盆地群早白垩世主要充填滴道组（裴德组）、城子河组（七虎林组和云山组）、穆棱组（珠山组）和东山组。沉积相以冲积扇相、（扇）三角洲相、湖泊相、海相等为主。沉积相研究结果表明,滴道组以冲积扇及（扇）三角洲粗碎屑沉积为主,并伴随有火山岩分布,反映了盆地初始裂陷阶段的沉积环境特点;城子河组和穆棱组沉积时期,三江地区处于整体下沉阶段,现今残留的三江盆地、勃利盆地、鸡西盆地、虎林盆地、宁安盆地、鹤岗盆地和汤原断陷等为统一的近海拗陷盆地,张广才岭-小兴安岭及东三江和完达山地区是盆地主要物源供给区,平面上构成（扇）三角洲-滨浅湖-半深湖-湖底扇的沉积格局,并且伴随有多次海侵事件,海侵方向主要来自虎林盆地东部及绥滨坳陷北部;东山组沉积时期,盆地已明显萎缩,发育局限的（扇）三角洲-滨浅湖相沉积。 相似文献
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V. N. Sval’nov O. B. Dmitrenko G. Kh. Kazarina E. D. Berezhnaya 《Lithology and Mineral Resources》2014,49(4):281-291
Reference cores of sediments from the Angola and Cape basins were subjected to lithological, geochemical, and micropaleontological investigations. Based on nannofossil and diatom assemblages, the examined sediments represented by oxidized miopelagic clays, calcareous (nannofossil-foraminiferal, foraminiferal-nannofossil), calcareous-clayey, and clayey-calcareous mud are estimated to be the Pleistocene-Holocene in age. The Cape Basin section includes surface and buried ferromanganese nodules. There are indications of sedimentary material redeposition by the Antarctic Bottom Water and turbidity currents. The South Polar Front zone changed repeatedly its geographic position and migrated northward from the presentday one. As a whole, the Pleistocene-Holocene sedimentation in the Angola and Cape basins corresponds to the incomplete pelagic (miopelagic) type of oceanic lithogenesis. 相似文献
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对现代黄河三角洲地区YRD-1101孔上部岩心开展粒度分析,并结合AMS14C和光释光(OSL)年代学测试结果、沉积特征、微体古生物鉴定及周边钻孔对比,建立了MIS5期以来的地层框架,揭示出该地区主要经历了3个阶段的沉积环境演化过程:(1)晚更新世—早全新世河流与海相交替沉积,其中MIS5c阶段海侵水动力环境中等,MIS3期海侵水动力环境较弱,MIS2期河流沉积水动力较强;(2)全新世滨、浅海沉积环境,动力环境整体较强,相对比较稳定;(3)1855年至今形成的黄河三角洲沉积,水动力强度较弱到中等。海平面变化和构造沉降是影响研究区晚更新世以来沉积演化的主要因素,此外,黄河带来的大量泥沙对海侵强度也有显著影响。 相似文献
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晚更新世以来渤海南部莱州湾发生了3次重要海侵-海退事件及沉积演化过程,渤海南部多源河流三角洲对莱州湾沉积环境改变作用明显。本文选择莱州湾剖面进行沉积地层对比,结合调查资料和测试数据,初步建立莱州湾沉积地层格架,分析晚更新世以来莱州湾沉积演化过程。研究发现,渤海南部中小河流与黄河泥沙为莱州湾沉积物的共同物质来源,二者在不同阶段分别对莱州湾沉积演化起主导作用。提出本区沉积地层具有分期性、分段性和相关性规律。在124.6~72.0 ka B.P.,60.0~24.4 ka B.P.和10.2~4.0 ka B.P.出现过3次暖湿期,分别对应沧州海侵、献县海侵和黄骅海侵,主要发育滨浅海相沉积,向南退积为三角洲/潮坪—河流沉积;由陆向海,短源河流沉积贡献降低,黄河沉积贡献增加。在72.0~60.0 ka B.P.和24.4~10.2 ka B.P.出现2次冷干期,分别对应玉木早冰期和玉木晚冰期,河流相发育,三角洲进积。受海陆交互作用影响,晚更新世以来渤海南部莱州湾大致经历了浅海相—三角洲—潮坪—浅海相—三角洲—陆相的沉积演化。 相似文献
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最近十年来研究的地质数据包括比尔马尼亚盆地岩相的地层、岩性、岩石、粒度和地球化学资料。这些数据已进入专用的“Ｆｏｘｓｅｄｂａ”数据表以建立比尔马尼亚盆地的数据总库。采用Ｈａｒｗａｒｄ制图法在ｘ－ｙ轴（粒度参数和地球化学数据）上作图。该盆地各种岩相的环境解释模式都配备有“图象”软件。最后,上述资料被用来解释所推断的比尔马尼亚盆地各种岩相的沉积环境。该盆地的沉积充填物含硅质碎屑、碳酸盐和磷块岩相的混合组合,指示变幻不定的沉积环境,即有若干具间歇海进事件的沉积海退事件。结果,磷块岩主要形成一种浅水正化学沉积和异化学沉积的复杂组合。 相似文献
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天山东段地区二叠系芦草沟组的沉积时代、沉积环境和构造背景存在争议。根据芦草沟组中发现的标准化石桃树园吐鲁番鳕、托姆介介形虫和孢粉化石组合,结合沉积地层中大量碎屑锆石最年轻峰值年龄261 Ma,认为芦草沟组的沉积时代为瓜德鲁普世(中二叠世)而非乌拉尔世(早二叠世)。近年来,在芦草沟组中发现典型海相指示矿物海绿石、海相或海陆交互相托姆介介形虫,加之超高盐度咸化湖盆的证实,认为芦草沟组主体为湖相沉积,但部分沉积时段受到海侵(泛)事件影响。天山东段地区准噶尔盆地、三塘湖盆地、吐哈盆地二叠系芦草沟组具有相似的岩石组合、动物群面貌和构造特征,但不同盆地古盐度、古气候、古氧化还原条件、古水深、初级生产力及热液输入强度等具有差异,分析认为芦草沟组形成于相似的伸展裂谷构造背景,但不同盆地之间沉积特征具有差异、不具备统一的沉积中心,为一系列弥散性裂谷盆地群。 相似文献
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湖南省沉积型锰矿地质环境及成矿作用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
湖南省沉积型锰成矿时代跨度大,最早由早元古代板溪群马底驿期至早二叠世孤峰期。其中,早南华纪大塘坡期、中奥陶世烟溪期及中二叠世孤峰期为三个最主要成锰集中期,并且大体呈现出朝东南方向成矿时代变新的趋势。成锰沉积盆地是锰矿床就位的重要场所,相应的岩相古地理环境为锰成矿创造了有利条件,即相对缺氧的、滞流的安静环境。这种环境在诸多古地理环境中都可以形成,导致了锰成矿岩相古地理环境的多样性,如浅海陆棚相、次深海棚缘盆地相、次深海台缘斜坡相及陆表次深海海盆相。三个主要成锰期锰成矿作用具有统一性,成矿作用与地壳拉张、海侵事件、缺氧事件等区域性重大地质事件关联密切。 相似文献
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同构造沉积盆地的沉积作用与构造环境及其活动性质有着内在的统一性,尽管控制沉积作用的因素很多(诸如气候、物源等),但最基本的因素乃是同沉积作用的构造活动,它控制着沉积体的分布、厚度、相型等。甚至不少沉积体是在两种或三种构造环境下发生的,因而有着纵横交替、相互更叠的复杂层序。而作为特殊沉积作用的沉积矿产,则更显著地制约于同沉积构造活动,尤其作为导矿构造的基底构造以及盆地演化中的控制性构造,则是寻找隐伏矿产的一 相似文献
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Ryszard K. Borwka Andrzej Osadczuk Andrzej Witkowski Brygida Wawrzyniak-Wydrowska Tomasz Duda 《Quaternary International》2005,130(1):87
Analyses on 27 sediment cores taken from the bottom of the Szczecin Lagoon allowed environmental reconstruction of the postglacial main stages of basin development, based on detailed sedimentological, geochemical, diatomological and malacological studies of selected key cores. Studies revealed that during the Late Glacial and Holocene this area developed in several stages. In the Late Glacial the whole study area constituted a low alluvial plain. At the turn from Younger Dryas to Holocene the alluvial plain was cut through by the Odra river to a level of 10–11 m below sea level (b.s.l.). Along with the first phases of the Holocene marine transgression at the southern Baltic Sea's coasts the accumulation of the limnic-swampy deposits began in this lower part of the Odra valley. At ca. 6–6.5 ka BP the transgression proceeded and Littorina Sea waters flooded the area. At that time the Szczecin Lagoon constituted a marine embayment in which series of sands, partly rich in malacofauna, was deposited. The development of the Swina barrier resulted in the isolation of the embayment from the direct inflow of Baltic Sea waters. 相似文献
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准噶尔盆地二叠纪盆地属性的再认识及其构造意义 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
准噶尔盆地及其邻区野外剖面、钻井剖面的系统对比和地震剖面的精细解释表明,二叠系沉积演化、断裂控制沉积、箕状断-超反射特征及大地构造背景均显示,二叠纪准噶尔盆地是形成于张性背景下的断陷-裂陷盆地。准噶尔盆地及邻区火山岩地化特征、年代学数据及区域构造研究成果也证明,二叠纪是张性的大地构造背景。早二叠世—中二叠世早期以发育冲积扇沉积为特征,各构造部位的沉积环境差异较大,强烈断陷并逐渐形成坳隆相间的沉积格局,为断陷盆地的裂陷期;中二叠统中晚期由早二叠世隆坳分割的局面逐渐转化为统一的大型内陆湖盆,吐哈盆地与准噶尔盆地水体相通,形成统一的沉积体系,为断陷盆地扩张期;晚二叠世时期以出现冲积-河流相红色粗碎屑沉积为特征,准噶尔盆地和吐哈盆地分割自成沉积体系,是断陷盆地的萎缩期。因此,中生代盆地演化是建立在二叠纪张性背景的基础之上,二叠纪断陷-裂陷盆地的提出对重新认识中生代盆地演化历程将具有重要启示意义,也将对今后的油气勘探具有重要指导意义,值得进一步研究。 相似文献
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The late Mesozoic terrestrial strata in numerous basins in S (South) China provide important sedimentary archives to understand the tectonic evolution of S China and East Asia. However, establishing regional stratigraphic framework within a basin and precisely correlating strata among basins remain challenging due to limited chronological constraints. In this study, we report zircon U-Pb ages of 21 samples and a compilation of 132 reliable age data from 15 type sections of the volcanic-sedimentary basins in S China. The synthesized geochronology allows us to establish a refined chronostratigraphy for the late Mesozoic terrestrial strata. New calibrated results indicate that most of the lithostratigraphic units are diachronic, laterally stacking, and/or interfingering. Six stacking styles are classified for the relationship of lithostratigraphic units. Analysis of the refined chronostratigraphy and the stratal stacking styles, together with lithological composition, reveals three episodes of tectono-stratigraphic evolution. Episode I (~145–125 Ma) is characterized by intense volcanism, as evidenced by widespread occurrence of volcanic strata and (137–120 Ma) A-type granites, and was probably related to the rollback of the subducting Paleo-Pacific plate; The strata deposited during Episode II (~125–100 Ma) are composed of variegated sediments associated with/without volcanic intercalations in sedimentary faulted-depression basins, indicating the waning of volcanism and tectonism attributed to the ending of the Izanagi/Kula plate subduction; In Episode III (<~100 Ma), red strata occurred along the NE-SW sinistral strike-slip faulting or failed rifting in small basins, which probably resulted from the drastic directional change of the Paleo-Pacific plate subduction from NW to SN. 相似文献
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The process of Cenozoic sea-land changes in the northern South China Sea(SCS)controlled the sedimentary filling pattern and played an important role in the petroleum geological characteristics of the northern marginal sedimentary basins.Under the control of the opening process of the SCS,the northern SCS Cenozoic transgression generally showed the characteristics of early in the east and late in the west,and early in the south and late in the north.The initial transgression occurred in the Eocene in the Taixinan Basin(TXNB)of the eastern SCS,while the transgression occurred until the Pliocene in the Yinggehai Basin(YGHB)of the western SCS.International Ocean Discovery Program(IODP)expeditions(Expeditions 367/368)revealed that the initial transgression of the SCS basin occurred at approximately 34 Ma,which was the initial opening time of the SCS.The period of drastic changes in the sedimentary environment caused by large-scale transgression corresponded to the opening time of the southwestern subbasin(approximately 23 Ma),which also represented the peak of the spreading of the SCS.The sea-land transition process controls the distribution of alternating continent-marine facies,marine facies source rocks and reservoirs in the basins.The marine facies source rocks of the basins in the northern SCS have a trend of gradually becoming younger from east to west,which is consistent with the regional process of gradual transgression from east to west.Regional sea-level changes were comprehensively influenced by SCS opening and global sea-level changes.These processes led to the early development in the east and south and late development in the west and north for the carbonate platform in the SCS.Carbonate platforms form another type of"selfgenerating and self-accumulating"oil-gas reservoir in the northern SCS.The sea-land transition controlled the depositional filling patterns of different basins and laid the foundation of marine deposits for oil and gas resources.The source-reservoircap assemblage in the northern SCS was controlled horizontally by provenance supply and sedimentary environmental changes caused by sea-land transition and vertically by the tectonic evolution of the SCS and regional sea-level changes. 相似文献
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Antonio Rizzini 《Sedimentary Geology》1974,11(1):17-37
The heavy-mineral composition, facies and age of Holocene clastic sediments of the coastal plain and Adriatic beaches of the Romagna-Marche regions are examined in order to evaluate the relative influence and distribution, during a complete sedimentary cycle regression—transgression, of the sediments supplied by local Apenninic rivers versus sediments supplied by a more distal source, the Po River, debouching at the northwestern corner of the Adriatic Sea.A fairly clear result is that during the Pleistocene regression, sediments supplied by the Po River were transported a long distance southeastward along the basin. The transgressive Holocene sea mostly reworked and redistributed the sediments of the invaded coastal plain. Mineral composition of these marine deposits remains therefore that of the Po sediments.During the standstill of the sea level that followed the transgression, a lateral supply from the rivers draining the eastern slope of the Northern Apennines had a greater influence and the mineralogic composition of the prograding coastal sands began to differentiate, reflecting the composition of sediments supplied by a more local source. 相似文献