共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 390 毫秒
1.
钻进取样试验用模拟月壤 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
[摘 要]钻具在月壤中进行钻进取样,是一个钻具与月壤相互作用的过程。为获得可靠的月壤钻具,在其研制过程中应在月壤里进行钻进试验。但地球上的真实月壤很珍贵,难以满足钻进试验的需要。采用能够较好地模拟真实月壤主要物理力学特性的模拟月壤,代替真实月壤进行钻进取样试验,是月壤钻具研制的一个必要手段。国外已对月壤进行了大量的研究,并取得了丰富的成果。本文在对真实月壤以及模拟月壤研究进行总结的基础上,对月壤钻具研制中所需的模拟月壤进行了简要的阐述,可供月壤钻具研制参考。 相似文献
2.
3.
极地冰层取心钻具的升降运动特性对提高钻进效率、减少孔内事故具有重要影响。在总结极地冰钻特点的基础上,分析了钻孔直径、钻具质量和钻井液的流变特性对钻具在升降过程中的影响,钻具在钻孔过程中运动的两阶段特性、滞流层的存在与影响因素,确定了因钻具的运动所引起的流体扰动量与扰动范围。研制了用于测试铠装电缆悬挂式钻具升降测试试验台和测试的方法,通过对3个不同直径与3个不同质量的钻具在其下落过程的实际测试,得出了钻具下落速度与直径呈二次方关系,与钻具的质量成线性关系的结论。 相似文献
4.
挤密钻头是潜孔锤冲击挤密钻进技术的关键所在,其结构形式直接影响着钻进效率、成孔质量和应用效果。应用非线性有限元理论,对动载荷作用下土体的弹塑性和压缩性的变化规律进行了分析。研究发现,常规钻头在冲击挤密钻进过程中产生的桩效应是导致钻进效率降低的主要原因。为了克服桩效应的影响,利用ANSYS/LSDYNA软件对阶梯式钻头和凸轮旋压钻头的钻进过程进行数值模拟分析,并通过实钻试验进行验证。数值模拟分析和试验结果均表明:凸轮旋压钻头能够有效避免钻进过程中土体回弹问题,降低桩效应对钻进效率的影响。试验结果与模拟结果相吻合,表明数值模拟的结果相对可靠。 相似文献
5.
Georg-Peter Jonuscheit 《Engineering Geology》1979,13(1-4):425-428
Experiences gained on the building of the City Railway turning loop, Stuttgart, Section 12, are described, where the new Austrian tunneling method is used in connection with the freezing technique. The Metro-tunnel lies in leached-out gypsum marl and unleached zones, respectively.
In a section of this tunnel within the leached-out gypsum marl the excavation was protected by a frozen soil roof in order to keep away any water seepage which could be dangerous for the excavation itself and for the buildings superimposed as well The drilling for the freeze pipes, the installation and operation of the freezing system and the tunnel driving including the erection of the final support are described. A point of special interest is the application of the shotcrete method as the shotcrete has to adhere to the frozen soil and has to harden sufficiently before the hardening process is interrupted by frost penetration. 相似文献
6.
针对煤矿井下水平井钻探中顶底板界面探测精度差、效率低等问题,进行煤矿井下防爆型随钻方位电磁波测井仪方案设计。为适合井下煤层工作环境,通过正演模拟获得源距、发射频率、线圈安装角度等仪器参数对信号响应影响的变化规律。研究结果表明:随钻方位电磁波仪器接收信号强度随发射频率、线圈距、地层电阻率对比度的增大而增强;线圈安装倾角约为45°时,既满足接收信号灵敏性,也满足信号的强度;仪器最佳工作频段为100 kHz~1 MHz。通过随钻方位电磁波测井仪响应模拟研究,为适用于煤矿井下仪器的参数优化设计提供选择依据,掌握了煤岩顶底板界面响应变化规律,该仪器的应用将提高顶底板探测精度和探测效率。 相似文献
7.
S. Henke 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2010,34(11):1191-1210
Pile installation leads to significant changes in the main state variables of the surrounding soil. In addition, the installation process may have an influence on adjacent or intersecting structures such as pile grillages. In this paper, three‐dimensional numerical analyses are presented to investigate the effects of pile driving with open or closed cross‐sections on the surrounding soil and on adjacent structures. Two different installation methods are used: quasi‐static pile jacking and vibratory pile driving. The numerical models are evaluated and verified using data from field tests performed in situ during the construction of the quay wall at the container terminal CT4 in Bremerhaven. Two case studies are presented to characterize the main influence factors for additional loading on adjacent structures due to pile installation. Finally, a parametric study is conducted showing the influence of the installation method, pile cross‐section and distance of a pile from an existing structure on the additional loading for this structure. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
8.
楔形桩是一种可以有效提高桩侧摩阻力的纵向变截面异形桩,然而针对该变截面桩沉桩效应特性方面的研究却相对较少。基于透明土材料和粒子图像测速技术(简称PIV),开展静压楔形桩沉桩模型试验,测得沉桩过程中桩周土体的位移场变化规律;沉桩过程中桩周土体位移场由激光射入透明土材料,与透明土材料之间的相互作用产生的独特散斑场,通过CCD(charge-coupled device)电荷耦合元件相机成像处理而获得。同时进行了等截面桩的沉桩模型试验,并对等混凝土材料用量情况下楔形桩和等截面桩的沉桩效应进行对比分析。最后,将此试验结果与基于常规试验手段的静压楔形桩沉桩模型试验和圆孔扩张理论计算结果进行对比分析,验证了基于透明土材料的静压楔形桩沉桩模型试验的准确性和可靠性。研究结果表明,基于透明土材料和PIV技术可以有效地开展静压楔形桩沉桩模型试验研究;楔形桩静压施工过程中对桩周土的影响范围约为等混凝土用量等截面桩的1.2倍。 相似文献
9.
10.
沉桩是十分剧烈的桩-土相互作用过程,沉桩过程中桩体受力形态对桩后期承载力和耐久性有重要影响。本文运用有限单元法对静压沉桩进行数值模拟,通过位移控制法实现沉桩,模拟计算沉桩过程中桩土径向压缩和竖向摩擦,对沉桩全过程桩体受力情况进行分析。结果显示,沉桩过程中桩主要承受竖向压应力,尤其沉桩后期桩顶部受到的竖向压应力较大。采用单因素控制法对影响桩体受力的各项因素进行分析,并对各影响因素进行相关性和敏感性分析。分析表明,静压沉桩过程中桩体受力与摩擦系数、内摩擦角、粘聚力和桩尖角呈正相关,与桩径呈负相关,桩尖角对桩体所受竖向应力敏感性较弱。 相似文献
11.
12.
13.
我国探月工程第3期工程的核心任务是实现月球钻探取样和返回,明确采用钻取方式获取深2 m的月壤样品.针对月表极端钻进环境,提出一种内外管联合取心螺旋钻具,即内管软袋提拉取心,外管螺旋集输取心.模拟月壤钻进试验结果表明,该取心钻具能实现有效钻进可靠取心,特别适合小于0.6 m浅层模拟月壤钻取.试验研究了钻进规程对模拟月壤取心率和钻进功耗的影响规律,得出了钻进转速、进给速度值域与功率值域的关联性,对月球环境下取心钻具研制和钻进规程制定具有实际工程应用价值. 相似文献
14.
苏州马环连接线强风化安山玢岩地质勘察钻探技术 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
强风化岩体裂隙节理发育,风化程度不均,岩石强度软弱不均,为提高钻进效率,改常规的复合片钻头为孕镶金刚石钻头,使钻进时以研磨岩石方式改为切削岩石方式;为提高岩心采取率,保护取心钻具内强风化岩心及防止钻具内岩心段间相互研磨,改单管钻具为单动双管钻具,采用相对优质泥浆进行护壁,预防钻进及提下钻时的卡钻。 相似文献
15.
16.
17.
18.
由于现有的普通绳索取心钻具缺乏隔水与护心装置,在松散、软弱、破碎等复杂地层取心钻进时,破碎岩心易被冲蚀,提钻过程中岩心易脱落,使岩心采取率和取心质量达不到设计要求,甚至无法采取到岩心。针对上述问题,设计了一种囊袋多节捆绑式绳索取心钻具。该钻具在普通绳索取心钻具基础上增加了多节捆绑式囊袋总成结构,并与超前侧喷钻头配合使用。囊袋可以隔绝冲洗液,有利于取得原状岩心,通过分段捆绑,可以有效包裹住岩心,防止其在提钻过程中脱落。超前侧喷钻头改变了冲洗液流向,起到隔水与护心的作用。现场应用表明,该钻具能够完成在松散、软弱、破碎等复杂地层的钻探工作,岩心采取率达90%以上,取心质量也得到明显提高。 相似文献
19.
Field measurements regarding the influence of the installation method on soil plugging in tubular piles 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Soil plugging in open-ended piles leads to an increase in compressive bearing capacity but also influences pile driving resistance. Many different factors affect the tendency for soil plugging, for example, pile diameter, penetration depth and installation method. In this paper, the influence of the installation method on soil plugging is investigated. In situ measurements during the installation of two instrumented tubular piles are carried out to investigate the internal and external stresses acting on the pile during the installation process. Furthermore, the cone penetration resistance inside one pile is measured during the installation, and the accelerations and strains at the pile head are monitored to predict the bearing capacity. The installation method is varied between vibratory and impact pile driving. The results show that a significant increase in horizontal stresses inside the pile occurs during impact driving which leads to the conclusion that a soil plug is formed. During vibratory pile driving, no stress increase was observed. 相似文献
20.
在水平定向钻穿越长距离、复杂地质条件施工中,为保证穿越导向孔钻进工程的顺利进行,避免或减少钻杆在传递推力时在钻孔内产生“蛇行”弯曲、不能有效传递推力、钻进方向不易控制等不利因素,通常采用在钻机侧沿钻进方向的钻杆上加装部分套管技术。本文详细阐述了水平定向钻岩石层穿越套管安装的施工流程、安装技术措施,同时对套管的钻进、润滑、回抽等环节进行了分析,并对套管施工过程中安全注意事项提出了几点建议。 相似文献