共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Rapid urbanization leads to losses in arable land; quantitatively analyzing the impact of urbanization on arable land is significant for arable land management. However, changes in arable land due to urbanization with scale and neighborhood effects remains poorly understood at the town scale. In this study, high-resolution historical land use data, landscape metric analysis and spatial regression were integrated to quantify the impacts of urbanization on arable land use change (abandonment and conversion) at spatial scales of 300 m–3300 m using a block size increment of 200 m and at the catchment scale in the town of Jinjing in subtropical central China. Arable land abandonment was the predominant type of arable land change and presented strong spatial autocorrelations at each spatial scale. Arable land was converted to tea fields because agricultural structure transformations were occurring around the urban cores, and the amount of arable land converted to residential land accounted for only a small proportion of the total arable land loss and had no spatial autocorrelation. The significance and robustness of the arable land changes impacted by urbanization had obvious scale effects and strong neighborhood effects in nearby regions. Compared with block scales, the catchment scale is an optimal scale for assessing the influence of urbanization and applying planning policy. Our results highlight the significance of incorporating spatial interactions in urbanization research, which can generate less biased estimations and consequently lead to proper policy implication and recommendations. In addition, multi-scale comparisons are helpful for better understanding the relationships between arable land changes and urbanization and provide further insights into the harmonious development of rural settlements and urban cores to preserve arable land. 相似文献
2.
Process and mechanism of arable land change in Hebei Province during the past 50 years 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
XU Yue-qing 《地理学报(英文版)》2001,11(4):427-432
1 Introduction Arable land is the core of land resources and its dynamic change seriously affects regional sustainable development. Hebei Province, with a large population, is an agricultural province. With the highspeed economic development, population growth and urbanization, a great amount of arable land has been lost and the land shortage has become more serious. Therefore, arable land change and its driving forces should be studied in order to realize the sustainable agricultural develo… 相似文献
3.
XU Yue-qing 《地理学报》2001,11(4):427-432
Hebei Province is one of the regions with most densely population, fastest economic growth and most intensive land use in China. The contradiction of land shortage sharpened by high-speed economic development with population growth has become a serious problem, which has restricted regional sustainable development.This paper revealed the basic process, regional differences of change and the gravity center of arable land area according to the long-series statistical data of arable land during the past 50 years. On the basis of the above mentioned, the major driving forces that influence the changes of the arable land are discussed. The research results indicate that there is a trend of obvious fluctuating decrease in arable land area during the last 50 years. The changes of arable land area undergo the process from increase to sharp decrease to gently decrease. The regional disparity of change in arable land area is very notable and the gravity center of arable land area moves to the northeast 49.22 km. Regarding the decrease in arable land, the direct driving forces include adjustments of agricultural structure and reclamation, and indirect driving forces include advance in technology, economic interest and population growth etc. 相似文献
4.
The decrease of total cultivated area and the lower per capita available arable land resource are now serious problems in Shandong Province, a major agricultural province in China. These problems will become more serious along with the further development of economy. In this paper, based on the statistical information at provincial and county levels, the changes of arable land in Shandong Province and their driving forces during the last 50 years are analyzed. The general changing trends of arable land and per capita available arable land are reducing, and the trends of decrease will continue when the economy is developing. The result of GIS spatial analysis shows that the change of the arable land use in Shandong Province has a regional difference. Eight variables having influences on cultivated land change are analyzed by principal component analysis. The results show that the dynamic development of economy, pressure of social system and progress of scientific techniques in agriculture are the main causes for cultivated land reduction. The principal factors which can be considered as driving forces for arable land change include per capita net living space, total population and per ha grain yield. By using regressive equation, along with analysis on population growth and economic development, cultivated areas in Shandong Province in 2005 and 2010 are predicted respectively. The predicted cultivated areas in Shandong will be 6435.47 thousand ha in 2005 and 6336.23 thousand ha in 2010 respectively. 相似文献
5.
IntroductionAlmost all the provinces and autonomous regions in China have experienced decrease of arable land in the processes of economic development, population growth and urbanization. The situation is more serious in Shandong Province because of the big population and being an agricultural province. From 1949 to 1999, the arable land was decreased by more than 2 million ha in this province accompanied by rapid population growth. The total population in the province in 1999 was twice of t… 相似文献
6.
基于改进遗传算法投影寻踪的大城市郊区耕地安全综合评价 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
针对耕地安全高维评价体系指标权重难以赋值、客观性差的问题,构建了实码加速的遗传算法投影寻踪（RAGA-PP）模型,对快速城市化的大城市郊区耕地安全进行综合评价。以广州城市发展的南拓与北优两个郊区——番禺区与从化市为例,建立4个子系统共32个指标的耕地安全评价指标体系,对大城市郊区耕地的数量结构安全、质量安全、经济社会安全和生态安全进行综合评价。结果表明:（1）RAGA-PP模型在多目标、多因素的耕地安全综合评价中取得了满意的效果;（2）广州市郊区耕地安全评价的影响因子权重在远郊区和近郊区存在较大差别,开展不同区域对比研究更适合采用总投影方向确定的权重值。（3）由于近郊区与远郊区发展定位与发展战略迥异,城市化进程速度不同,区域耕地安全等级差别较大,近郊的番禺区耕地综合安全水平低于远郊的从化市,其中番禺区仅耕地经济社会安全水平高于从化市,而耕地的质量安全、数量安全和生态安全方面均低于从化市。 相似文献
7.
南京城市用地增长管理机制与效能 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
南京是长江三角洲地区核心城市之一,近20年来城市用地在现行管理框架下快速扩张.基于两个样区近20年城市扩展过程的用地数据.以城市规划的有效性代表用地布局的合理性,以地块闲置概率指征开发质量,定量评估城市增长管理效能.①选取南京城市沿交通轴扩展的两个样带,利用四期遥感影像跟踪分析近20年来城市用地增长的过程与管理机制;②采用增长调控效力指数、累积调控效率指数、土地闲置率等指标,定量分析城市规划及用地管理机制的有效性,指出规划对用地增长的5年累积调控效率达到70%左右:③基于样区478个土地利用斑块的离散数据进行逻辑斯蒂回归分析,表明城市规划对降低开发的盲目性、降低用地闲置率具有非常显著的作用(P<0.001),用地制度与政策等管理因素也显著影响用地闲置率,用地审批权和规划管理权下放对用地闲置具有正效应.加强区域统筹,适当扩大城市规划的覆盖范围,加强行业管理,适当上收用地审批权限和规划实施管理权限,将有利于用地集约化,提高土地利用效率.本研究结论对中国城市土地管理、集约节约利用城市土地具有积极意义. 相似文献
8.
经济快速发展地区耕地资源优化配置模型分析 ——以江苏无锡市为例 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
沿海经济发达地区的人均耕地资源短缺,工业化、城镇化快速发展对耕地的占用使耕地资源供给更趋紧张。从发展的角度,合理确定区域耕地资源容许城市、生态建设的占用量,具有重要价值和实践意义。基于对无锡工业化、城镇化进程中耕地资源态势,以及用地需求与耕地资源变化关系分析,构建了区域容许耕地转换模型(MAC),并应用该模型测定了无锡市2030年以前容许“非农”建设占用的耕地量。据此确定区域耕地保护的底线和调控指标,为快速工业化、城镇化进程中区域耕地资源优化利用提供一种新思路。同时,为多目标导向下的区域耕地资源优化配置提供量化方法和决策依据。 相似文献
9.
珠三角地区耕地多功能空间差异与影响因素分析 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
在借鉴文献的基础上,结合珠三角地区实际情况,构建耕地多功能评价指标体系,运用加权求和评分法计算得出耕地各类功能指数。结果表明:2005—2013年珠三角各城市耕地总功能整体表现稳定,空间差异表现为中心城市的功能等级较低,外围城市的功能等级较高,耕地资源禀赋和经济发展水平是影响耕地总功能的最主要因素;耕地的各项子功能整体表现较为稳定,体现出较为明显的空间差异;耕地资源禀赋、经济发展水平、人口及城市化水平、要素投入水平和政策因素等是影响各项子功能的主要因素。 相似文献
10.
对中国农地边际化现象的诊断——以三大粮食作物生产的平均状况为例 总被引：19，自引：1，他引：18
在界定农地边际化的本质及其诊断标准的基础上,利用19802002年的全国农产品成本收益数据,以稻谷、小麦与玉米生产的平均状况为例,对中国农地边际化现象进行了宏观层次的诊断研究。结果表明:近20多年来,在我国农地利用过程中出现过“一次边际化迹象与两次明显的边际化现象”。农地边际化迹象出现在1987年前后,但持续时间短、程度轻,农地“边际化”特征不明显;第一次明显的农地边际化现象出现在1991年前后,第二次发生在1996年以后,后一次边际化现象范围更广、程度更重。我国农地利用过程中集约度的显著下降、播种面积的明显缩小以及严重的农地弃耕撂荒现象均与农地边际化的作用密切相关。用农地边际化理论可以较好地解释近20多年来中国农地利用过程中发生的主要变化。 相似文献
11.
基于主成分分析法的钦州市耕地面积变化及其驱动力分析 总被引：12，自引：2，他引：10
以钦州市为例,采用主成分分析方法,从经济、人口、农业和土地4个方面选取了13个因子,分析其在2001~2010年对耕地面积变化的影响,揭示耕地面积变化的作用机制,从而为制定合理的耕地保护政策提供依据。研究结果表明：① 钦州市耕地面积总体呈逐年下降趋势,年平均减少约460 hm2。② 钦州市耕地面积变化的主要因子是经济社会发展、人口增加和农业生产发展,这3者构成了耕地面积变化主要驱动力。③ 可以从减少建设占用、加强土地开发利用、加强农业结构调整的引导和管理等3个方面遏制钦州市耕地面积减少的势头。 相似文献
12.
基于综合城镇化视角的省际人口迁移格局空间分析 总被引：8，自引：6，他引：2
采用第五、第六次全国人口普查数据,基于流出、流入“双向”视角解析人口迁移格局及演变过程;采用空间计量模型,阐释综合城镇化及各城镇化分量值对省际人口迁移影响的空间效应。研究结果表明：① 2000~2010年省际人口迁移量成倍增长,人口迁出区域空间不断扩散,迁入区域空间虽无明显变化,但内部差异性变化明显;② 省际人口迁移存在明显的空间依赖性特征,省际人口净迁入率变化明显受周边地区的正向影响;③ 综合城镇化率变化对省际人口迁入有着重要作用。④ 人口、经济和土地城镇化率变化对人口净迁入率变化具有显著影响,且经济城镇化仍为影响省际人口迁移变化的主导因素;社会城镇化率的影响并不明显。 相似文献
13.
LIU Jiyuan ZHANG Zengxiang XU Xinliang KUANG Wenhui ZHOU Wancun ZHANG Shuwen LI Rendong YAN Changzhen YU Dongsheng WU Shixin JIANG Nan 《地理学报》2010,20(4):483-494
Land use and land cover change as the core of coupled human-environment systems has become a potential field of land change science (LCS) in the study of global environmental change. Based on remotely sensed data of land use change with a spatial resolution of 1 km × 1 km on national scale among every 5 years, this paper designed a new dynamic regionalization according to the comprehensive characteristics of land use change including regional differentiation, physical, economic, and macro-policy factors as well. Spatial pattern of land use change and its driving forces were investigated in China in the early 21st century. To sum up, land use change pattern of this period was characterized by rapid changes in the whole country. Over the agricultural zones, e.g., Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, the southeast coastal areas and Sichuan Basin, a great proportion of fine arable land were engrossed owing to considerable expansion of the built-up and residential areas, resulting in decrease of paddy land area in southern China. The development of oasis agriculture in Northwest China and the reclamation in Northeast China led to a slight increase in arable land area in northern China. Due to the “Grain for Green” policy, forest area was significantly increased in the middle and western developing regions, where the vegetation coverage was substantially enlarged, likewise. This paper argued the main driving forces as the implementation of the strategy on land use and regional development, such as policies of “Western Development”, “Revitalization of Northeast”, coupled with rapidly economic development during this period. 相似文献
14.
采用数理统计与综合分析方法,对源城区土地利用动态变化及其与GDP、产业结构、消费结构、城镇化以及人口等社会经济发展因素的关系进行了分析.研究结果表明:1994-2007年源城区农用地面积持续减少,其中耕地减少较多,园地增长速度较快,林地逐渐减少;建设用地持续增加,其中居民点与独立工矿用地增长速度最快;源城区的土地利用变化与经济增长、产业升级、城镇化发展、消费结构变化以及人口增长具有显著的相关性,社会经济发展是土地利用变化的主要驱动因素.完善土地市场机制,优化土地利用配置,依靠科技进步促进产业优化升级,建立土地资源安全预警机制,保障水资源生态安全是区域土地利用可持续发展的必然要求. 相似文献
15.
基于生产函数视角的城镇化动力机制研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
从柯布-道格拉斯生产函数角度出发,构建了就业、资本及人均技术进步三要素与城镇化发展的动力机制模型,并使用中国1990~2011年社会经济数据对模型进行实证。实证结果表明：就业、资本及人均技术进步三者对中国城镇化具有较强的解释力,可解释中国城镇化增长的98.83%,说明所构建城镇化动力机制模型具有其合理性。同时,实证结果也表明就业在中国城镇化发展中起着举足轻重的地位,随着就业产出弹性增加,中国城镇化发展也相应提速。研究表明：从促进城镇化发展的角度出发,转变经济发展方式和保持经济发展速度同样重要;积极转变经济发展模式,提升就业在经济发展中的地位,方能促进中国城镇化快速健康发展。 相似文献
16.
中蒙俄经济走廊耕地资源战略合作对于“一带一路”共建、加强中俄新时代全面战略协作伙伴关系意义重大。本研究综合运用遥感影像解析、野外实地考察、统计分析等方法,揭示了中蒙俄经济走廊耕地资源分布格局,剖析了耕地资源开发利用的主要制约因素;研究了中国对外耕地合作开发的主要问题,探索提出了中蒙俄经济走廊耕地资源合作对策建议。中蒙俄经济走廊耕地资源丰富,主要集中在俄罗斯欧洲部分莫斯科河和伏尔加河流域,以及鄂毕河流域、叶尼塞河流域、阿穆尔河流域与贝加尔湖流域等地。中蒙俄经济走廊俄罗斯部分耕地面积和高产耕地面积分别占经济走廊的60%和74%左右;而经济走廊俄罗斯部分未利用耕地面积占俄罗斯未利用耕地面积的近50%,占中蒙俄经济走廊未利用耕地面积的95%左右。今后应高度重视中蒙俄经济走廊耕地资源合作开发,推动中蒙俄耕地与农业合作自由化发展,可探索在阿穆尔州、犹太自治州等地率先开展中俄毗邻重点耕地国际合作创新示范区建设和农业自贸区建设,扩展延伸经济走廊耕地产业链和价值链,共建多元稳定的中蒙俄经济走廊农产品物流贸易通道。 相似文献
17.
21世纪初中国土地利用变化的空间格局与驱动力 总被引：33，自引：15，他引：18
Land use and land cover change as the core of coupled human-environment systems has become a potential field of land change science (LCS) in the study of global environmental change. Based on remotely sensed data of land use change with a spatial resolution of 1 km × 1 km on national scale among every 5 years, this paper designed a new dynamic regionalization according to the comprehensive characteristics of land use change including regional differentiation, physical, economic, and macro-policy factors as well. Spatial pattern of land use change and its driving forces were investigated in China in the early 21st century. To sum up, land use change pattern of this period was characterized by rapid changes in the whole country. Over the agricultural zones, e.g., Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, the southeast coastal areas and Sichuan Basin, a great proportion of fine arable land were engrossed owing to considerable expansion of the built-up and residential areas, resulting in decrease of paddy land area in southern China. The development of oasis agriculture in Northwest China and the reclamation in Northeast China led to a slight increase in arable land area in northern China. Due to the "Grain for Green" policy, forest area was significantly increased in the middle and western developing regions, where the vegetation coverage was substantially enlarged, likewise. This paper argued the main driving forces as the implementation of the strategy on land use and regional development, such as policies of "Western Development", "Revitalization of Northeast", coupled with rapidly economic development during this period. 相似文献
18.
Based on investigations between 1986 and 1996 in the four provinces of northern China, major problems on land reclamation were discovered. The increase of arable land was mainly low quality fields from barren land and was susceptible to disertification and water-induced soil erosion. In the meantime, large area of grassland and forestland was lost or degraded, and original fertile arable land was occupied for residential and industrial use. As a result the environment deteriorated. This change was mainly caused by economic development, population growth, inferior natural conditions, and irrational management strategies. Finally some positive measures were suggested to stop this negative cycle. 相似文献
19.
Arable land increase in northern China: facts and findings 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Based on investigations between 1986 and 1996 in the four provinces of northern China, major problems on land reclamation
were discovered. The increase of arable land was mainly low quality fields from barren land and was susceptible to disertification
and water-induced soil erosion. In the meantime, large area of grassland and forestland was lost or degraded, and original
fertile arable land was occupied for residential and industrial use. As a result the environment deteriorated. This change
was mainly caused by economic development, population growth, inferior natural conditions, and irrational management strategies.
Finally some positive measures were suggested to stop this negative cycle. 相似文献
20.
太湖流域土地利用变化对耕地生产力的影响研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
以城镇化过程持续加速而耕地流失及粮食供需形势日趋严峻的太湖流域为研究区,结合遥感、土壤、气象及农业统计数据,借助AEZ模型和GIS开展1985~2010年土地利用变化对耕地生产力的影响分析及评价。结果表明：① 流域耕地生产力水平较高,高产耕地分布广泛;② 近30 a来就地城镇化和工业化发展导致流域建设用地快速扩张,耕地数量锐减;③ 由于减少的多为城市周边及交通沿线水土条件优越的优质耕地,新增的则多是来源于土地复垦或整理的低产耕地,“高产耕地锐减-低产耕地缓增”导致流域耕地生产力水平下降,且在不同发展阶段下降格局不同;④ 高产田锐减导致流域粮食大幅减产,不同县域由于经济发展水平和耕地利用条件不同,粮食减幅呈现显著空间差异。 相似文献