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1.
较系统研究了斑节对虾、墨吉对虾、日本对虾和的对虾道路 对虾的耗氧率、CO2排出量,呼吸商和窒息点。结果表明,同一种类不同大小和不同种类及生活习性不同,耗氧率、CO2排出量、呼吸商和窒息点有较大的差别。日本对虾、刀额新地虾的耗氧率、CO2排出量比其他两种虾低。墨吉对虾次之,斑节对虾为最高,对DO忍受能力,刀额新对虾最强,在DO0.60mg/L才开始出现窒息,斑节对虾闪之在DO降至0.88mg/L出现  相似文献   

2.
凡纳滨对虾(Penaeus vannamei)、斑节对虾(Penaeus monodon)、日本对虾(Penaeus japonicus)和刀额新对虾(Metapenaeus ensis)是我国主要对虾养殖品种,具有重要经济价值。对虾,不具有特异性的免疫系统,其非特异性免疫主要通过血细胞吞噬、包囊和形成结节等功能来完成。近年来,国内外学者应用电镜、  相似文献   

3.
在对虾人工配合饲料中添加蜕(脱)壳促长素,喂养斑节对虾(PenaeusmonodonFabricius)和刀额新对虾(MetapenaeusensisDeHaan),观察其促进蜕壳、生长的作用。试验证明:饲料中添加不同浓度(0.5‰。、1.0‰、1.5‰)的蜕壳促长素,均不同程度地促进对虾的蜕壳和生长。添加浓度为1.5%。效果最为明显。值得在生产中应用。  相似文献   

4.
1990年在潮上带3m的大梅沙养殖场选28口共109002.4m2虾池进行斑节对虾高产养殖试验。采用提水式供水、虾池小型化、投苗高密度,配备增氧机,精心管养。试验结果获得总产69577.3kg,平均0.64kg/m2,最高1.01kg/m2。潮上带提水式高密度精养斑节对虾,具备条件是确实可行的。  相似文献   

5.
采用静水生物试验法测定了氟乐灵对斑节对虾卵和幼体的急性毒性。结果表明:氟乐灵对斑节对虾无节幼体、蚤状幼体、糠虾幼体和仔虾的24hLC50/×10-6分别是1.68,0.83,1.84和2.09;48hLC50/×10-6分别是0.76,0.53,1.09和1.51。5.01×10-6氟乐灵浸浴受精卵12h,50%的受精卵可孵化。第22天仔虾用10×10-6以下浓度的氟乐灵浸浴5min,对其存活率无影响。  相似文献   

6.
钼精粉中微量钨的测定ONTHEDETERMINATIONOFTRACEWOLFRAMINMOLYBDENUMCONCENTKATE钼精粉中微量钨的测定如采用硫氰酸盐光度法,测定钨的主要干扰元素是钼。当50ml试剂中含钼大于0.2mg时,即应用光度法测...  相似文献   

7.
本文研究了D_001大孔阳离子强酸树脂从H_2SO_4-CS(NH_2)_2溶液中,富集及分离Au(I)、Ag(I)的性能。表明在pH=2.0左右,树脂对Au(Tu) ̄+_2、Ag(Tu) ̄+_2(Tu=硫脲)有良好的吸附性能,Au和Ag的吸附容量分别为61.18mg/g-Resin和99.11mg/g—Resin。负载柱上的Au、Ag可分别用NaCN—NaOH和H_3BO_3-NaOH-Na_2S_2O_3定量洗脱。可进行一定程度的Au、Ag分离。  相似文献   

8.
本文研究了在HCl介质中,D401(EDTA)螯合树脂对铂、钯的吸附性能。实验表明,在pH=2~4范围内,树脂对钯有良好的吸附性能,饱和吸附量70.5mgPd(Ⅱ)/g—R。PH≥4时对铂不吸附;钯的负载柱可用[0.1molTu(硫脲)+0.5molHCl]/L混合液定量洗脱,洗脱率为99.2%、获得了pH=4盐酸溶液中树脂柱分离铂、钯的方法。  相似文献   

9.
对观音山水库水化学、浮游生物及利用进行了调查研究。(1)库水属S、中营养型,含盐量很低;营养元素N/P平均95.6,磷是限制性因子。2)浮游生物量平均4.5247mg/L,其中浮游植物量平均3.0606mg/L,以硅藻、裸藻和甲藻占优势;浮游动物量平均1.4641mg/L,以枝角类和桡足类占优势,分别占69.2%和30.2%。(3)鱼产力为1128kg/hm2,鲢、鳙、鲤每公顷放养尾数分别为922、645和470(都在13.3cm或13.3cm以上)。(4)提出渔业利用意见。  相似文献   

10.
通过采集江汉平原沙湖原种场典型高砷地下水区的27个地下水样品、6个地表水样品和不同深度的沉积物样品,采用 X射线荧光光谱、离子色谱、TOC分析仪以及沉积物平行提取方法对该区含水层的水化学特征以及沉积物的地球化学特征进行了分析。结果表明:该区地下水水化学类型主要为 HCO3-Ca·Mg型,属中性偏弱碱性水;氧化还原电位较负,NH+4 -N、HS- 和 Fe(Ⅱ)质量浓度较高,指示地下水的强还原环境;地 下 水 As质 量 浓 度平均值为74.39μg/L,最大值达580.77μg/L,出现在地面以下25m 位置,且 As(Ⅲ)质量浓度普遍高于 As(V)。随深度增加,沉积物中 w(As)呈先增加后减小的趋势,在17.4m(黏 土层)深度处达到最大(21.15mg/kg),且w(As)随深度的变化与沉积物中 TOC、Fe2O3、Al2O3 质量分数以及沉积物比表面积随深度的变化呈现相同的趋势,采用SPSS软件经相关分析亦表明 As与 TOC、Fe2O3、Al2O3 和比表面积具有较强的相关关系,相关系数分别为0.70,0.68,0.70,0.67,揭示砷在富含有机质、铁铝氧化物及比表面积大的黏土层沉积物中更易富集。沉积物平行提取实验结果表明,江汉平原沉积物中的砷主要以强结晶态铁氧化物、溶解态硫化物和反应性硅酸盐的形式存在。   相似文献   

11.
取体长为11mm的斑节对虾苗和刀额新对虾苗体长为6.1mm,经暂养数天后,分别在不同盐度的水中进行试验。结果表明,这两种虾苗适应低盐度十分广泛。刀额新对虾苗可比斑节对虾苗适应更低的盐度。斑节对虾苗在从盐度23.18直接降至盐度6.21时,成活率仍可达70%。当虾苗饲养在盐度18.54时,直接放水至海水盐度5.1,成活率为85%。当虾苗在从盐度25.13逐渐淡化到盐度1时,成活率仍有20%~40%。但是,考虑到体重的增重率,虾苗最佳饲养盐度为13.8。刀额新对虾苗从盐度23.18的海水直接放入盐度2以下的海水中,成活率仍有56.7%~63.3%。如果逐渐淡化海水,可在盐度<2时正常生长。在盐度8.96左右饲养,其体重增重率最佳。上述这两种虾适于河口低盐度地区养殖。在有条件的养成场适当降低盐度,有利其生长。  相似文献   

12.
Hypoxia,a frequent occurring threat in coastal regions,often results in mass mortalities of marine organisms and brings a serious ecological problem.The commercially important Zhikong scallop Chlamys farreri is being under such a threat as the risks of eutrophication and hypoxia have risen in their culture areas.However,little information has been known concerning their tolerance to hypoxia and their strategy for survival.In the present study,a 20-day experiment was conducted to determine the ef fects of hypoxia on the survival,behavior,and metabolism of Zhikong scallop.With the LC_(50) for dissolved oxygen(DO) being estimated as 1.8 mg/L,the survival of Zhikong scallop can be greatly challenged even under the moderate hypoxic condition of around 2.0 mg/L DO.The survival rate ranged from 69% to 59% when DO dropped from 3.0 to 2.0 mg/L,and it was further reduced to 47% at 1.5 mg/L DO.In hypoxic conditions,the scallops became significantly active,which may be explained as escape attempts to avoid hypoxic water.To save energy,Zhikong scallop would depress their respiration.However,when DO dropped from 3.0 to 2.0 mg/L,the oxygen consumption rate hardly changed.The upregulation of lactate dehydrogenase activity and the unrepressed phosphofructokinase activity,which often result in the unbalanced cellular homeostasis and energy budget,may account for the observed increase in the mortality rate of Zhikong scallops.In general,Zhikong scallop is sensitive to hypoxia events,though possible escape attempts,depressed respiration,and oxaloacetate-pathway may increase their survival chance.  相似文献   

13.
采用室内实验生态学方法对马氏珠母贝的耗氧率和排氨率进行了研究。结果表明:在温度13~33℃范围内,马氏珠母贝的耗氧率和排氨率均与体重呈负相关,可用Y=aW表示;在13~28℃温度范围内,马氏珠母贝-b的耗氧率随温度的升高而增加,28℃时,耗氧率达最大值,温度升高至33℃时,耗氧率反而下降,而排氨率在此温度范围内则呈持续升高趋势;在13~28℃温度范围内,马氏珠母贝呼吸和排泄Q10值分别为1.51~2.71和1.03~2.73,且在该温度范围内,马氏珠母贝的耗氧率和排氨率的比值范围为7.29~13.14。方差分析表明,体重、温度及二者的交互作用对马氏珠母贝的耗氧率和排氨率均有极显著影响(P<0.01)。马氏珠母贝的日常代谢高于标准代谢,耗氧率和排氨率平均值分别提高40.8%和59.1%。  相似文献   

14.
有效微生物菌群对养虾水体细菌生态和水质的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
研究有效微生物菌群(EM)对养虾水体中异养细菌、弧菌、光合细菌、放线菌的数量以及水体水质的影响。结果表明,在养殖池中添加EM,对水体中的异养细菌、弧菌、光合细菌及放线菌的数量均有显著影响:实验组异养细菌数量比传统对照池减少40.0%,弧菌数量减少7.8%,光合细菌数量增加98.2%,放线菌数量增加99.2%。EM能改良水质条件,与对照组相比,实验组溶解氧提高11.0%,COD降低8.0%,氨氮含量降低20.7%,亚硝酸氮含量降低10.0%。另外,实验组对虾成活率比对照组提高23.08%,饵料系数下降9.4%,利润提高了16.11%。  相似文献   

15.
利用室内实验生态学方法研究不同盐度和体质量对波纹龙虾的呼吸和排泄的影响.结果表明:不同盐度和体质量对波纹龙虾耗氧率和排氨率有显著影响(p <0.05).盐度为18~34时,波纹龙虾的耗氧率和排氨率先下降再升高,盐度26和30时较小,耗氧率分别为0.1305±0.0105 mg/(g·h)和0.1314±0.0052 mg/(g·h),排氨率分别为0.1733±0.0039 mg/(g·h)和0.1724±0.0044 mg/(g·h).波纹龙虾耗氧量(MO)和排氨量(MN)与体质量(m)呈正相关,而耗氧率(RO)和排氨率(RN)与体质量呈负相关,其关系式可表示为:MO =1.4921 m 0.4190和MN=1.1295 m 0.6988;RO=2.9333 m -0.7343和RN=1.1291 m -0.3011.  相似文献   

16.
INTRODUCnON-WatertemperatheanddissolvedoxygenareimportantenvironmentalfactorsinthegmwthanddevelOPmntofaqUaticorgAnsms.ThereareInanPublishedstUdiesontheox-.ygenconsUInPtionrate(OCR)oftheprawn')(WangJim,l986;WangDanghenetal-,199l;ZangWeilingetal-,l992,l993),buttheydidnotcontalndetailedinfonnaionabouttheeffectoftemPerabeontheOCR-ThePresentstudydetendnedtheOCRofju-venilesofChineseprawn,gianttiserprawnandgiantfreshwaterprawnthatwererearedatdifferenttemperatllresforaboutaweekattheCaoj…  相似文献   

17.
An 8 weeks feeding experiment was conducted to determine the effect of dietary potassium on the growth and physiological acclimation of Pacific white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei) reared in diluted seawater(salinity 4). Six semi-purified practical diets containing 0.59, 0.96, 1.26, 1.48, 1.74, and 2.17+ g potassium K per 100 g diet were formulated, respectively. The survival and feed conversion rate did not show significant difference among groups of shrimps given these diets(P0.05). The shrimps fed the diets containing 0.96-1.48 g K+ per 100 g diet gained the highest weight, specific growth rate, and protein efficiency ratio. Their ammonium-N excretion rate as well as hemolymph concentration of Na+ and Cl- were significantly lower than those of the control(P0.05), but a reverse trend was observed for their gill Na+/K+-ATPase. Moreover, the shrimps fed with 1.48 g K+ per 100 g diet were the highest in hemolymph urea level, and the phenoloxidase and lysozyme activities were significantly higher than those of the control(P0.05). The growth and physiological response of the test shrimps suggested that diet containing 1.48 g K+ per 100 g diet improved the growth of L. vannamei in low-salinity seawater, and enhanced the physiological acclimation of the organism.  相似文献   

18.
本文对我国养殖的 9种对虾主要形态特征作了简要的描述 ,并根据它们的不同特征把这 9种对虾分成 4个组 :即中国对虾组、斑节对虾组、日本对虾组和凡纳对虾组。对各组间和组内不同种类对虾的形态特征作了比较 ,并根据它们不同的形态特征编出检索表 ,以便于生产上应用。  相似文献   

19.
采用室内实验生态学方法研究近江牡蛎的耗氧率和排氨率。结果表明,在实验温度13~33℃范围内,近江牡蛎的耗氧率(RO)和排氨率(RN)与体重(W)均呈负相关,可用Y=aW-b表示。耗氧率和温度的关系可表示为RO=-c+b1t-b2 t2,耗氧率为0.626~2.354 mg.g-1.h-1;在温度13~28℃范围内,耗氧率随温度的升高而增加,28℃时,耗氧率达最大值,温度升高至33℃时,耗氧率反而下降。排氨率与温度的关系可表示为RN=c1e d1t,排氨率为0.075~0.318 mg.g-1.h-1,且随温度的升高,排氨率呈持续升高趋势。近江牡蛎呼吸和排泄Q10值范围分别为0.631~3.399和1.046~2.288。在28℃,不同规格近江牡蛎呼吸氧原子数与排出氨氮原子数的比值(nO/nN)均达到最大值。方差分析表明,体重、温度及二者的交互作用对近江牡蛎的耗氧率和排氨率均有极显著的影响(P<0.01)。近江牡蛎的日常代谢明显高于标准代谢,耗氧率和排氨率平均值分别提高46.8%和67.7%。  相似文献   

20.
Prepared in this experiment were six groups of diets, i.e. VC0, VC1, VC2, VC3, VC4 and VC5 with the contents of vitamin C (VCmg(100g)-1 diet) of 0, 100, 200, 400, 800, and 1200 respectively. It was found that vitamin C increased the concentrations of immunoglobulin-like (IgG-like, IgA-like and IgM-like) substances in the serum of Penaeus chinensis after a feeding period of 3 weeks. The differences among groups were significant (P< 0.01), but there was no difference in the contents of complement3-1ike and complement4-1ike substances in the serum (P >0.05). Phenoloxidase (PO) activity in the serum of VC3 group shrimps was higher than that of VC0 and other groups, but no significant difference was observed between VC0 group and other groups. Furthermore, bactericidal activity of the serum to Vibrio parahaemolyticus in shrimps fed with the VC1 diet was higher than that in the other groups (P< 0.01), while no difference was demonstrated among all groups for the bactericidal activity to Vibrio alginolyticus (P >0.05). It is, therefore, suggested that vitamin C (100-400 mg(100 g) -1 diets) could be used as an immunostimulant of P. chinensis.  相似文献   

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