共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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Seismic data denoising, random noise attenuation (RNA) and spike-like noise suppression, is a main consideration for improving the quality of records. RNA could increase signal to noise ratio (S/N) to avoid misinterpretation of seismic data. In this research, a novel method is created by using the combination of frequency-offset deconvolution (FXD) and decision-based median (DBM) filter for RNA from seismic data. The method is applied in two main phases; FXD is focused to remove the Gaussian noise and DBM filter is focused to attenuate the impulsive noise and spikes. To implement and verify the method, three types of data are used: two synthetic models (a model with linear events and a model with hyperbolic events) and an observed seismic section. The ability of the proposed method (FXD-DBM) in comparison of applying each in seismic RNA application is proven. The noise level is reduced obviously, and hence, the S/N of all examined seismic records is increased considerably after denoising by the combination of FX deconvolution and DBM filter. About the real seismic section, suppressing random noise and spikes show up improving the seismic reflector continuity and hence enhancing the interpretability of data. Moreover, some masked events by random noise are clarified in different parts of data after denoising using the planned method. 相似文献
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地震资料处理是地震勘探中的关键环节,由于地下构造和地表条件的复杂性,地震资料的处理需要经过一系列复杂流程,从而形成多种不同类型的地震数据。不同种类的地震数据具有不同的数据特征,充分利用和发掘其中的数据特征,不仅可以充分发挥处理方法的技术潜力,消除各类非地质因素对地震资料处理质量的影响,同时可以增强地震资料处理的可靠性,改善地震资料的资料信噪比及分辨率,在复杂油气藏勘探开发中具有非常重要的基础作用。叠前地震成像道集（CRP）中的有效信号同相轴近似水平,叠后地震成像数据因为地层沉积的规律性,有效信号相比于随机噪声、成像画弧噪声等干扰具有规律、简单等特点。具体表现为CRP道集及叠后地震资料有效信号具有多尺度自相似性的特征,其高维Fourier （FK或FKK）域主要能量集中在低频、低波数区域。针对上述地震数据的特点,提出一种基于先验信息约束的深度网络地震资料无监督噪声压制方法。受到深度图像先验（DIP）的启发,神经网络的结构可以视为一种特殊的隐式先验信息,合理设计网络结构可以使得网络具有多尺度自相似性特征的提取能力。由于叠前地震成像道集数据和叠后地震成像数据有效信号的多尺度自相似性,而噪声不具备这一特性,因此,特定结构的网络可以从原始数据提取出有效信号,从而达到噪声压制的目的。叠前成像道集和叠后成像的实际数据随机噪声压制试验结果表明,本文方法具有良好的保真性与鲁棒性。此外,由于本文方法具有强大的特征提取能力,因此,对常规方法不易压制的弧状成像噪声也有良好的效果。 相似文献
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In this paper, we propose a technique of random noise attenuation from seismic data using discrete and continuous wavelet transforms. Firstly, the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is applied to denoise seismic data using the threshold method. After, we calculate the continuous wavelet transform of the denoised seismic seismogram, the final denoised seismic seismogram is the continuous wavelet transform coefficients at the lower scale. Application to a synthetic seismogram shows the robustness of the proposed tool for random noise attenuation. Application to real vertical seismic profile recorded in Algeria clearly shows the efficiency of the proposed tool for random noise attenuation. 相似文献
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对于低信噪比资料,压制随机噪声,增强有效信号是地震资料处理的首要任务。而传统的奇异值分解去噪算法,在有效信号横向相干性较强时,去噪效果明显,但当有效信号同相轴呈倾斜、弯曲或孤立状态时,其在压制随机噪声的同时,存在滤除部分有效信号的弊端,为此通过对不同时窗内的地震数据进行拉平、奇异值分解数据重构与反拉平等处理方法,对常规奇异值分解算法进行改进,以克服其对包含非水平连续信号资料去噪效果差的局限。理论数据和实际资料的去噪结果表明,改进后的算法去噪效果明显优于常规奇异值分解法,能在保证有效波不被滤除的前提下有效提高地震资料的信噪比。 相似文献
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f-x域随机噪声压制方法面临着2个问题:叠前共炮点道集或CMP道集反射波同相轴为双曲线型,去噪同时会损害有效波;地震信号为复杂的非平稳信号,要求去噪方法具有自适应性。基于f-x EEMD的共偏移距道集随机噪声压制方法利用了共偏移距道集反射波同相轴为水平满足f-x域去噪假设条件和EEMD算法对非平稳信号的良好适应性,对f-x域每一个等频率切片做EEMD分解,并去除以高频随机噪声为主的第一个IMF分量,最后将f-x域数据反变换回t-x域,实现噪声分离。正演模拟和实际地震数据试算结果表明:该方法在压制随机噪声的同时,能够保持有效信号。 相似文献
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KL变换与小波变换联合去噪新方法 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
常规KL变换对于具有强随机噪声的地震信号处理效果不佳,本文提出一种将小波变换和KL变换结合使用的去噪处理新方法。经合成剖面和实际剖面证明,该方法能有效去除强随机噪声,提高地震剖面信噪比 相似文献
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提高地震数据的信噪比是地震资料处理的重要目标之一。传统的地震去噪方法虽然可以有效压制随机噪声,但对非高斯分布的异常值噪声压制效果欠佳。本研究展示了一种基于稳健主成分分析的地震数据异常值噪声压制方法。该方法在频率-空间域通过对地震数据实施稳健低秩近似来求取理想无噪声数据。在目标函数构建方面,采用核范数最小化模型求取理想的低秩近似数据,并使用l1范数最小化模型来估计异常值噪声。此外,运用增广拉格朗日乘子法求解该反演问题。最后,模型数据和实际资料的去噪结果验证了本研究方法的有效性,与传统F-XY域预测滤波法去噪结果进行对比,也显示本研究方法在有效压制异常值噪声的同时能更好地保护有效波能量。 相似文献
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B. Oskooi S. Parnow M. Smirnov R. Varfinezhad M. Yari 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(21):677
Random noise in ground penetrating radar (GPR) data affects the signal-to-noise ratio, blurs the details, and complicates reconnaissance of the useful information. Many methods with different advantages and disadvantages have been proposed to eliminate or weaken the random noise. We have reviewed basic principles of various signal processing techniques including the curvelet transform (CT), non-local mean (NLM), median, and mean filters to remove the random noise and compared their performances using synthetic and actual GPR data. The performances of the four filters were analyzed on synthetic GPR data both in time and frequency domains. On noisy synthetic data, results indicate that the CT filter performs better than NLM, mean, and median filters at attenuating random noise and improving S/N of the GPR data. On the real data, the performance of only the NLM and CT filters was investigated. Comparing the results clearly shows the CT filter robustness for the random noise attenuation and simultaneously its signal preservation. 相似文献
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《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2015,347(1):2-12
Time-frequency peak filtering (TFPF) is an effective method for seismic random noise attenuation. The linearity of the signal has a significant influence on the accuracy of the TFPF method. The higher the linearity of the signal to be filtered is, the better the denoising result is. With this in mind, and taking the lateral coherence of reflected events into account, we do TFPF along the reflected events to improve the degree of linearity and enhance the continuity of these events. The key factor to realize this idea is to find the traces of the reflected events. However, the traces of the events are too hard to obtain in the complicated field seismic data. In this paper, we propose a Multiple Directional TFPF (MD–TFPF), in which the filtering is performed in certain direction components of the seismic data. These components are obtained by a directional filter bank. In each direction component, we do TFPF along these decomposed reflected events (the local direction of the events) instead of the channel direction. The final result is achieved by adding up the filtering results of all decomposition directions of seismic data. In this way, filtering along the reflected events is implemented without accurately finding the directions. The effectiveness of the proposed method is tested on synthetic and field seismic data. The experimental results demonstrate that MD–TFPF can more effectively eliminate random noise and enhance the continuity of the reflected events with better preservation than the conventional TFPF, curvelet denoising method and F–X deconvolution method. 相似文献
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提高地震信号的分辨率是地震勘探要解决的一项主要任务,而提高地震信号的信噪比是提高地震信号分辨率的先决条件。要提高地震资料的信噪比,需要去除地震资料中的相干噪声和随机噪声。本文介绍了平稳小波变换结合阈值压制面波干扰的方法,通过实际地震记录的处理证实了该方法的有效性。 相似文献
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利用人工神经网络方法检测地震剖面同相轴 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
在地震勘探中,经过各种处理后最终得到用于解释的地震剖面实际上都可以看作是一些图像。这样,就可以从图像处理的观点来看问题,图像的特征有边缘和区域,那么,地震反射同相轴在地震剖面图像上,可以看作是一边缘。人工神经网络是近年来发展起来的一种新技术,它可以进行二维图像的边缘检测,基于这一点,把神经网络边缘检测技术应用到地震剖面上来检测地震反射界面,压制地震剖面上的随机干扰,从而改善地震图像的质量,达到提高地震资料信噪比和分辨率的目的。运用该技术对实际剖面进行了处理,效果很好,证明了方法的可行性和有效性。 相似文献
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在海上地震资料采集过程中,涌浪噪声是一种常见的噪声干扰,这类噪声一般表现为低频、强能量、长周期,使用一般的方法很难在去噪的同时达到信号保真的效果。笔者针对该噪声的特征,选取了基于波动方程炮检距连续(offset continuation,OC)算子的OC-Seislet变换方法进行消噪处理;该方法应用OC算子来表征复杂波场,对含噪声数据进行压缩,在变换域通过软阈值处理实现信噪分离,再将结果反变换到数据域,从而达到去除涌浪噪声的目的。通过对模型数据和实际数据的处理,验证了OC-Seislet变换方法能够在去除原始数据中涌浪噪声的同时,最大程度地保护复杂构造下的地震波信息。 相似文献
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浅层反射地震资料中面波一般比较发育,对有效信号形成干扰,现有压制面波等相千干扰的处理手段主要适用于中深部、深部地震勘探,但并不适用于浅层反射地震资料的处理。为此提出了倾角中值滤波法。该方法是基于叠前地震单炮道集上反射波与强线性干扰在￡吨域视速度上的差异,在多组视倾角范围内,求取一个最佳视倾角,将最佳视倾角的振幅序列的中值视为相干干扰,利用“减去法”,达到信噪分离。通过模型与实际资料的处理,汪明该方法能够有效分离强线性干扰,并保留了强线性干扰的特性,提高了资料的信噪比,保真度高,是浅层高分辨率地震勘探的一种理想的叠前信噪分离技术。 相似文献
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为了提高地震剖面的信噪比和分辨率，使反射同相轴容易被识别和追踪，这里提出了一种应用小波算法及C3相干算法检测地震反射同相轴的新方法。利用小波算法提高地震剖面分辨率，减少大部分随机噪声，再运用C3相关算法和倾角扫描法检测地震剖面同相轴。应用该方法对模型数据进行了试算，证明了可行性，然后检测实际地震剖面同相轴，处理后的地震剖面同相轴品质及连续性都有了明显改善，信噪比增强，分辨率相应提高。 相似文献
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波动方程角度域共成像道集 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对基于波场深度递推的波动方程叠前深度偏移成像方法难以准确地给出如Kirchhoff积分叠前深度偏移成像方法的偏移距域共成像道集的不足,在分析研究现有的各种波动方程偏移成像共成像道集方法的基础上,利用波场外推的单平方根算子和波场的窗口Fourier框架展开与重构方法,提出一种局部角度域共成像道集方法——成像点处反射角共成像道集方法.把这种角度域共成像道集方法应用于国际标准的Marmousi模型数据和一条实际二维地震数据都取得了理想的结果.提出的波动方程反射角度域共成像道集方法可为进一步的叠前偏移数据振幅随角度变化分析和偏移速度分析工作提供基础. 相似文献
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非局部平均滤波方法的去噪性能优异,但其在地震资料处理中的应用刚刚起步。该方法利用数据具有的结构冗余,以包含局部结构的小窗口或邻域为单元,利用局部结构相似性进行加权运算,增强有效信号,压制随机噪音。针对叠前地震资料数据量大、噪音背景强、局部结构简单;原始非局部平均算法对每一点滤波,需要对数据体内所有点计算权系数后进行加权计算,计算量大,对强噪音背景适用性差等不足,对原始非局部平均算法进行了改进,主要包括:基于速度谱的搜索窗口分割;基于梯度域奇异值分解的局部结构相似集选择方法;基于相似集大小的自适应滤波参数选择方法。试验结果表明,该方法改进后对于叠前地震数据的随机噪声具有较好的压制作用。 相似文献
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Time-Frequency Peak Filtering (TFPF) is an effective method to eliminate pervasive random noise when seismic signals are analyzed. In conventional TFPF, the pseudo Wigner–Ville distribution (PWVD) is used for estimating instantaneous frequency (IF), but is sensitive to noise interferences that mask the borderline between signal and noise and detract the energy concentration on the IF curve. This leads to the deviation of the peaks of the pseudo Wigner–Ville distribution from the instantaneous frequency, which is the cause of undesirable lateral oscillations as well as of amplitude attenuation of the highly varying seismic signal, and ultimately of the biased seismic signal. With the purpose to overcome greatly these drawbacks and increase the signal-to-noise ratio, we propose in this paper a TFPF refinement that is based upon the joint time-frequency distribution (JTFD). The joint time-frequency distribution is obtained by the combination of the PWVD and smooth PWVD (SPWVD). First we use SPWVD to generate a broad time-frequency area of the signal. Then this area is filtered with a step function to remove some divergent time-frequency points. Finally, the joint time-frequency distribution JTFD is obtained from PWVD weighted by this filtered distribution. The objective pursued with all these operations is to reduce the effects of the interferences and enhance the energy concentration around the IF of the signal in the time-frequency domain. Experiments with synthetic and real seismic data demonstrate that TFPF based on the joint time-frequency distribution can effectively suppress strong random noise and preserve events of interest. 相似文献