共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
以重庆梁-忠（梁平县-忠县）高速公路礼让隧道为工程研究背景,通过测线法调查现场节理,获得了节理产状分布概率密度函数,并从分形几何学的角度分析了节理间距及迹长的分形分布规律,推导出能反映节理间距及迹长分布状态的分形维数D及分形分布概率密度函数。在该基础上采用Matlab软件以及Monte-Carlo随机分析方法,产生节理参数随机数,结合3DEC中最新模块离散裂隙网络(DFN)技术,建立了能反映节理裂隙分布特征的离散裂隙网络模型并验证了模型的有效性,结果表明,分形分布比负指数分布包含更多的间距、迹长分布信息,更接近于实际分布;分形维数D反映了节理间距、迹长在其变化范围内的分布特征,分形维数的大小取决于小间距、小迹长部分数量在总节理数量中的比例,为节理裂隙岩体网络模型构建提供了一种新方法。 相似文献
2.
岩体节理几何特征定量描述是岩体力学性质和渗透性研究的基础,更是核废料处置库场址筛选和评价过程的主要内容。基于甘肃北山高放废物深地质处置库预选区BS17、BS18和BS19钻孔岩芯节理数量修正数据,针对节理间距建立了类负指数分布数学统计模型,进一步应用于RQD体系定量评价深部岩体完整性,通过与RID体系对比验证了概率模型的可靠性。指出节理数量-间距关系具有明显的分段线性特征,分维数随着间距增大而增大。确定了节理间距-数量关系符合尺度律,得出了数量与间距关系的多重分形特征。进一步分析了数量与埋深的多重分形特征,初步实现了岩芯节理的定量描述。验证了多重分形谱可以很好地统计分形维特征,尤其是节理几何形状及分布特征。该研究结果可为实现基于钻孔岩芯节理几何特征数据的深部岩体节理三维网格模拟提供参考。 相似文献
3.
岩体节理表面几何特征对岩体变形,刚度,剪切强度和水渗导性有重要影响,一般用节理粗糙度系数,节理吻合系来描述,本文用节理表面分维来描述节理表面形态的复杂性,为节理表面几何特描述提供了一个新的方法。 相似文献
4.
节理岩体的分维特征及其工程地质意义 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文用分形理论,对节理网络分布和粗糙度曲线进行分形分析。结果表明,节理的空间分布和粗糙度曲线具自相似性;分维是一个表征岩体强度、岩体损伤程度、岩体质量及节理粗糙程度的几何参数,并可用于评价岩体稳定性、断裂体系活动性及划分风化卸荷带等。 相似文献
5.
岩体节理表面几何特性描述 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
岩体节理表面几何特征对岩体变形、刚度、剪切强度和水渗导性有重要影响,一般用节理粗糙度系数（ＪＲＣ）、节理吻合系数（ＪＭＣ）来描述。本文用节理表面分维（ＪＳＦ）来描述节理表面形态的复杂性,为节理表面几何特征描述提供了一个新的方法。 相似文献
6.
为研究非连通随机节理岩体的结构效应对地下洞室地震响应的影响,首先探讨了二维节理网络的生成原理,给出了结构效应影响的5个表征参数,即节理密度、节理倾角角度、节理倾角离散程度、节理迹长长度和节理迹长离散程度。以大岗山水电站主厂房洞室为背景工程,研究节理岩体结构效应对地下洞室地震响应的影响。结果表明,相同地震动水平下节理密度增加则洞室地震位移增加;节理角度在0°～80°范围内时,随节理倾角增加洞室的地震位移增加;节理离散程度较大时,随节理倾角离散程度减小洞室的地震位移减小,但当节理离散程度较小时则基本无影响;随节理迹长长度增加,洞室地震位移也增加;节理迹长的离散程度则对对洞室地震位移影响较小。结论可供节理岩体中地下洞室的抗震设计参考。 相似文献
7.
为了准确模拟岩体节理的空间分布,评价高放废物地质处置库围岩的稳定性,先通过调查露头节理数据,运用概率统计理论进行节理几何特征模拟,再利用Monte-Carlo法来模拟节理空间分布特征,并以高放废物地质处置新疆预选区天湖地段花岗岩体为研究对象,通过钻孔电视调查不同深度节理几何特征,划分钻孔岩体结构均质区,提出钻孔节理产状、大小、密度的统计方法和计算公式,以均质区建立节理三维网络模型并通过数据对比法进行模型验证。结果表明：1）利用列联表卡方检验和重叠窗口法可将天湖钻孔岩体划分为0~90、120~240、270~360和390~600 m等4个均质区;2）利用SPSS软件以及基于节理直径、迹长和隙宽之间的数量关系得出节理产状服从正态分布,节理直径服从负指数分布;3）通过数据对比法得出模型统计和现场测量的节理平均产状数据相差±3°以内,平均直径相差±1 m以内,平均面密度相差±0.01 m-2以内,从而验证了Monte-Carlo法建立的节理三维网络模拟的准确性。 相似文献
8.
裂隙网络模拟与REV尺度研究 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
研究了利用平面四边形模拟节理岩体三维裂隙网络的方法。在生成裂隙网络时,同时考虑结构面几何参数和力学参数的随机性。利用裂隙网络研究了确定岩体REV尺度的指标。在此基础上,编制了岩体裂隙网络模拟程序、裂隙网络图形输出程序和岩体REV尺度指标分析程序。通过算例分析,验证了研究成果及程序的合理性,并得出了岩体REV尺度约为各组裂隙中最大迹长期望值3~4倍的结论。研究成果为后续计算岩体等效力学参数奠定了基础。 相似文献
9.
10.
岩体不连续面迹长、产状、空间组合形态等的不确定性和复杂性,使结构面整体几何形态研究存在困难。利用岩体内大量随机展布的不连续面所具有的统计相似性,结合具有统计意义的数学方法进行结构面参数描述,是岩体随机不连续面三维网络模拟的基础,也为岩体稳定性评价提供可靠依据。本文基于数字近景摄影测量技术对长春市净月开发区东升采石场坡面进行调查研究,获取高精度的大量岩体结构面迹长、产状、间距、张开度等几何参数。利用Matlab编制Kolmogorov-Smirnov（K-S）检验程序,实现结构面参数的K-S法概率分布检验,分析了结构面参数所服从的概率分布类型;同时用SPSS软件检验程序正确性,并引入最优拟合度,选取符合多种概率分布参数的最优拟合概率模型。结果表明：研究区内结构面迹长、间距服从对数正态分布规律,产状服从伽马分布规律。 相似文献
11.
Zhang Xing 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》1990,14(5):367-377
Discontinuities that have unfavourable orientation and are continuous within overall engineering rock regions can have a dominant effect on the strength, deformability and permeability of the rock mass. The concepts of geometrical parameters of basic discontinuities and engineering discontinuities are proposed in this communication. Further, the engineering discontinuities are divided into key discontinuities and non-key discontinuities. Within any region of the rock mass, the spacing, trace length and probability of engineering discontinuities can be estimated from the geometrical parameters of the basic discontinuities. In general, the geometrical parameters are different from those of the basic discontinuities. Finally, two examples are given to illustrate how to apply these parameters to rock engineering problems. 相似文献
12.
C. M. Gerrard 《Computers and Geotechnics》1985,1(4):293-318
The concept of reinforced multi-laminates has been developed and applied to the analysis of reinforced jointed rock masses. The discontinuities and reinforcements in the rock mass are assumed to occur in regular sets, with relatively close spacing within sets. The constitutive equations are established for an ‘equivalent material’, this being identical in its mechanical response to the reinforced jointed rock mass, consisting of its components, i.e. rock material, sets of discontinuities, and sets of reinforcements with associated sets of interfaces. An elasto-visco/plastic algorithm is used so that each component is described by its elastic, failure and flow properties together with its relative orientation. The constitutive equations for the ‘equivalent material’ can be applied to determine optimal reinforcement arrangements for problems of various levels of complexity. Several practical examples illustrating this are contained in a companion paper. 相似文献
13.
Practical visualization of rock structure 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
Roland Pusch 《Engineering Geology》1998,49(3-4):231-236
The conventionally applied method for visualizing the structure of a rock mass is limited to plotting the orientation of individual discontinuities by using the Schmidt stereographic net. Their spacing is not illustrated and other structural features, such as undulation and twisting, cannot be interpreted from such sterographic views. A new mode of visual presentation of rock structural features of one or several different types in rock volumes of any size that makes all this possible is proposed in the present report. The primary purpose is to quantify, for all elements of a rock mass where the structure has been evaluated by borehole investigations or mapping in the course of underground excavation, the orientation and average spacing of defined discontinuities like hydraulically and mechanically active fractures. These local structural patterns, which are plotted on three of the six faces of cubical boxes with defined edge length and with one edge oriented N−S can be combined by applying the mathematical tool for connecting faces with which certain visualization codes like Alias Sketch are equipped. This combines different local rock structures to form regional patterns that can reveal undulation and twisting and important variations in spacing of major discrete discontinuities. Visualization can be given in true perspective or orthographic form and larger discontinuities that have been identified in the field, such as fracture zones, can be introduced in the model for correlation with smaller features. Furthermore, the stress situation at all sites where rock stress measurements have been made can be visualized in the model in the form of principal planes. The proposed models can be visualized from any “camera angle” and also shown in Quick Time VR form, i.e. as being slowly rotated around any predetermined axis. This facilitates definition and selection of the rock structure, local or regional, for numerical calculations. 相似文献
14.
基于岩体不连续面三维分形维岩体质量评价研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
岩体内部不连续面分布具有随机性、不规则性,但又具有统计自相似性。基于三维随机不连续面网络模拟技术,对岩体结构统计均质区内的不连续面进行计算机模拟,并应用分形理论计算岩体不连续面分布的分形维数。岩体不连续面分布分维数具有尺寸效应,随着岩体尺寸增大分维数减小,到一定程度趋于稳定。这一稳定的分维值称之为表征分维数,用此值描述不连续面分布特征。将岩体不连续面分布的表征分维数与按传统岩体分类标准所得岩体质量等级进行对比,提出以岩体不连续面分布表征分维数为指标的岩体质量分类方法。在岩体分类基础上,提出基于表征分维数的岩体等效抗剪强度指标的折减计算。 相似文献
15.
Based on a simulation of three-dimensional fracture networks and a superposition principle of liquid dissipation energy for fractured rock masses, a model of the fracture permeability tensor is proposed. An elastic constitutive model of rock fractures, considering fracture closure and dilation during shearing, is also proposed, based on the dilation angle of the fracture. Algorithms of flow-path searching and calculation of the effective flow coefficients for fracture networks are presented, together with a discussion on the influence of geometric parameters of the fractures (trace length, spacing, aperture, orientation and the number of fracture sets) on magnitude, anisotropy of hydraulic permeability and the size of a representative elementary volume (REV). The anisotropy of hydraulic permeability of fractured rock masses is mainly affected by orientation and the number of fracture sets, and the REV size is mainly influenced by trace length, spacing and the number of fracture sets. The results of studies on REV size and the influence of in-situ stress on hydraulic conductivity of the rock mass on the slope of Jinping-I hydropower station, China, are presented using the developed models and methods. The simulation results agreed well with the results obtained from field water-pressure measurements, with an error of less than 10 %. 相似文献
16.
结构面是岩体区别于岩石材料的一大特征,其产状、迹长、密度等参数对岩体的力学性质有着重要影响。本文利用FLAC3D对含结构面岩体试样的单轴压缩特性进行了较为系统的数值模拟研究。文中建立了含不同组贯通性结构面的岩体试样模型和含不同倾角及迹长的非贯通结构面岩体试样模型,对每个试样进行单轴压缩试验的数值模拟,结构体和结构面均采用Mohr-Coulomb剪切和拉伸破坏准则。模拟中用编制的伺服控制程序通过调节加载速度,控制试样内最大不平衡力,研究含结构面试样单轴压缩情况下的变形、强度及破坏方式等特征。模拟结果显示,含1-3组贯通性结构面试样呈现各向异性特征,而含4组贯通性结构面试件呈现各向同性特征。随着贯通性结构面数量的增多,同尺寸试件的变形强度参数劣化。含单组非贯通性结构面试件,其单轴压缩模拟试验的应力-应变曲线峰值后出现应力降。基于Mohr-Coulomb抗剪强度准则和损伤理论所得的解析解与数值模拟结果所得的非贯通性结构面试件的单轴压缩强度不符,说明用抗剪强度准则与损伤理论刻画非贯通结构面试样的强度并不合理。随着非贯通性结构面贯通率的增大,试件的变形、强度参数劣化。含单组结构面试件的破坏方式可分为结构面控制破坏,结构面部分控制破坏和结构面不控制破坏3种类型,而随着结构面组数的增多,结构面控制试样破坏的概率增加。 相似文献
17.
Estimating the Mean Trace Length of Rock Discontinuities 总被引：24，自引：1，他引：23
Summary Rock discontinuities appear as traces on exposures such as natural outcrops or tunnel walls. Discontinuity size which has
important effects on rock mass behavior is related to trace length.
This paper presents a technique for estimating mean trace length from the observations made on finite, circular sampling
windows. The method takes sampling errors into account and it requires, like existing methods using rectangular sampling windows,
that the numbers of discontinuities with both ends censored, with one end observed and one end censored, and with both ends
observed be known. Knowledge of the lengths of the observed traces and the distribution of trace lengths is not required.
A major advantage of the proposed method over the existing methods is that it does not need sampling data about the orientation
of discontinuities, i.e. the proposed method is applicable to traces with arbitrary orientation distributions.
To check the validity of the proposed method, theoretical relations between the mean trace length and the mean diameter of
circular discontinuities, respectively for lognormal and negative exponential distributions of the diameter of discontinuities,
are derived. The proposed method is then applied to analyze data simulated with the FracMan code, and the predicted results
are compared to the corresponding theoretical solutions. The results show that the proposed method is satisfactory. Comparisons
of the predicted mean trace length with the mean of observed trace lengths show that it is important to consider sampling
biases when estimating mean trace length. 相似文献
18.
基于数字近景摄影测量的岩体结构面几何信息解算模型 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了快速、全面地获取岩体随机结构面信息而提高稳定性评价工作,在数字近景摄影测量测取结构面空间坐标的基础上,应用立体几何、方位概念和投影变换理论,提出并建立了基于空间坐标的结构面迹线三维模型、任一投影展示面的迹线二维模型和详细判据的产状解算模型。迹线三维模型数据更加详实展示迹线分布状况,迹线二维模型数据又能获得任一重要投影面的迹线信息并突显迹线物理意义;应用误差理论,探讨了基于数字近景摄影测量的产状解算模型获取产状的精度。实验表明,在数字近景摄影测量建立边坡三维模型点位测量精度≤2 cm时,能够解决近似线状结构面的产状获取问题。因此,岩体结构面几何信息解算模型与数字近景摄影测量相结合,可采集到更为全面的结构面几何信息并用于岩体稳定性评价。 相似文献