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1.
Based on high-resolution tree-ring data from Dulan area of Qinghai Province, five spells have been divided: the warm period
before 230’s A. D., the cold period between 240’s A. D. and 800’s A. D., the significantly warm period between 810’s A. D.
and 1070’s, i. e. “Medieval Warm Period”, the cold period including the “Little Ice Age” 1420’ – 1870’s and the warming period
since 1880’s. All the eleven coldest or warmest decades and several great abrupt changes took place before the Middle Ages,
indicating that climatic system operated in great instability during the period 150’s – 1100’s A. D., Comparison of the tree-ring
data with other temperature proxy data from East China, Guliya ice core as well as the south of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau shows
that such great climatic events as Eastern Han warm period between the beginning of the 1st century and the previous fifty
years of the third century, the cold period covering the span of the Wei, the Jin, and the Southern and Northern dynasties,
the well-known “Medieval Warm Period” as well as the “Little Ice Age” appeared in these series such as East China and Dulan
area. Only the first two climatic events were recorded conspicuously in Guliya ice core while the “Medieval Warm Period” and
“Little Ice Age” is far weaker. Also, the well-defined “Medieval Warm Period” didn’t occurred in the south of Qinghai-Xizang
Plateau. The warming since the 20th century is the warmest in the last 2000 years Guliya ice core, the second in Dulan area
and East China, but it scarcely seems pronounced in the eastern part of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.
Foundation item: Under the auspices of the projects of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZ951-A1-204-02 and KZ951-A1 402-03).
Biography: YANG Bao(1971–), male, a native of Yanggao County, Shanxi Province, Ph. D. His research interestinclude global
change. 相似文献
2.
Since the late 1950’s, many Chinese scientists have explored the remains of the Quaternary glaciation in the Qinghai-Xizang
(Tibet) Plateau and its surrounding mountains. In the main, 3–4 glaciations have been recognized. The largest one occurred
in the Late Middle Pleistocene with piedmont glaciers, ice caps and trellis valley glaciers in many high peak regions. But
here is no evidence of a unified ice sheet covering the whole plateau as described by M. Kuhle. Due to the further uplifting
of the Himalayas and Qinghai-Xizang Plateau the climate became progressively driver, diminishing the extension of glaciers
during the Late Pleistocene. The elevation of the snow line during the Last Glaciation was about 4,000 m on the south, east
and northeast edges of the plateau and ascended to 5500 m on the hinder northwest of the plateau. The thermal effect of the
big plateau massif, the sharp increase of aridity from the southeast rim to the northwest inland area and the abrupt decrease
of precipitation during the Ice Age largely account for the distribution of the Quaternary glaciers in the Qinghai-Xizang
Plateau. The neglect of Chinese literature may be one of the causes accounting for M. Kuhle’s misinterpretation on the environment
of the Quaternary glaciations in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. 相似文献
3.
Matthias Kuhle 《山地科学学报》2007,4(2):91-124
This overview discusses old and new results as to the controversy on the past glacier extension in High Asia, which has been debated for 35 years now. This paper makes an attempt to come closer to a solution. H.v. Wissmann's interpretation (1959) of a small-scale glaciation contrasts with M. Kuhle's reconstruction (1974) of a large-scale glaciation with a 2.4 million km2 extended Qinghai-Xizang (Tibetan) inland glaciation and a Himalaya-Karakorum icestream network. Both opinions find support but also contradiction in the International and Chinese literature (Academia Sinica). The solution of this question is of supraregional importance because of the subtropical position of the concerned areas. In case of large albedo-intensive ice surfaces, a global cooling would be the energetical consequence and, furthermore, a breakdown of the summer monsoon. The current and interglacial heat-low above the very effective heating panel of the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibetan) Plateau exceeding 4000 m, which gives rise to this monsoon circulation, would be replaced by the cold-high of an inland ice. In addition, the plate-tectonically created Pleistocene history of the uplift of High Asia — should the occasion arise up to beyond the snowline (ELA) —would attain a paleoclimatically great, perhaps global importance. In case of a heavy superimposed ice load, the question would come up as to the glacio-isostatic interruption of this primary uplift. The production of the loesses sedimentated in NE-China and their very probable glacial genesis as well as an eustatic lowering of the sea-level by 5 to 7 m in the maximum case of glaciation are immediately tied up with the question of glaciation we want to discuss. Not the least, the problems of biotopes of the sanctuary-centres of flora and fauna, i.e., interglacial re-settlement, are also dependent on it. On the basis of this Quaternary- geomorphological-glaciological connection, future contributions are requested on the past glaciation, the current and glacial permafrost table and periglacial development, the history of uplift, and the development of Ice Age lakes and loess, but also on the development of vegetation and fauna in High Asia. 相似文献
4.
LAST GLACIATION AND MAXIMUM GLACIATION IN THE QINGHAI-XIZANG (TIBET) PLATEAU: A CONTROVERSY TO M. KUHLE,S ICE SHEET HYPOTHESIS 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Since the late 1950's, many Chinese scientists have explored the remains of the Quaternary glaciation in the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau and its surrounding mountains. In the main, 3-4 glaciations have been recognized. The largest one occurred in the Late Middle Pleistocene with piedmont glaciers, ice caps and trellis valley glaciers in many high peak regions. But here is no evidence of a unified ice sheet covering the whole plateau as described by M. Kuhle. Due to the further uplifting of the Himalayas and Qinghai-Xizang Plateau the climate became progressively drier, diminishing the extension of glaciers during the Late Pleistocene. The elevation of the snow line during the Last Glaciation was about 4,000 m on the south, east and northeast edges of the plateau and ascended to 5500 m on the hinder northwest of the plateau. The thermal effect of the big plateau massif, the sharp increase of aridity from the southeast rim to the northwest inland area and the abrupt decrease of precipitation during the 相似文献
5.
Based on field investigations, laboratory analyses and 14C dating, this paper discusses the laws of the formation and development of the paleosols in the northeast region of the Qinghai-Xizang
Plateau since Late Pleistocene. The authors reconstruct basic conditions of climate, vegetation, soil and natural zones during
the three periods in which the paleosols were formed, i.e. the last interglacial of the Late Pleistocene, warm stage of Late
Glacial and the Optimum of Holocene. Finally, this paper discusses the relationship between the paleosols and the uplift of
the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. 相似文献
6.
ＰＡＬＥＯＳＯＬＳＡＮＤＴＨＥＩＲＲＥＦＬＥＣＴＩＯＮＯＦＴＨＥＥＮＶＩＲＯＮＭＥＮＴＡＬＣＨＡＮＧＥＳＩＮＴＨＥＮＯＲＴＨＥＡＳＴＲＥＧＩＯＮＯＦＴＨＥＱＩＮＧＨＡＩ－ＸＩＺＡＮＧＰＬＡＴＥＡＵ徐叔鹰，潘保田ＰＡＬＥＯＳＯＬＳＡＮＤＴＨＥＩＲＲＥＦ... 相似文献
7.
张兰生 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1992,2(4):312-321
Recent achievements of the research on Chinese environmental evolution are brieny summarized in this paper. Following aspects are touched upon: relationship between Chinese environmental evolution and global change, the influence of the swift uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, time sequence and the reconstruction of environment in characteristic stages, trend towards dryness in north and northwestern China, sea level change and regional studies. 相似文献
8.
The largest Mesozoic northward transgression in Qangtang Basin of Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau occurred during the Buqu
Stage, Middle Jurassic. Mainly filled with carbonate rocks, the whole basin is composed of transgression-regression sedimentary
cycle. Field outcrops and indoor analysis revealed 8 types of sedimentary facies markers in this region. 4 types of sedimentary
facies have been recognized: platform facies, platform marginal facies, foreslope facies and basin facies. Influenced by the
northern Lazhuglung-Jinshajiang suture zone, central uplift region and southern Bangongco-Nujiang suture zone, these facies
belts extended east-west. The sedimentary model was established based on observed depositional features. From their biological
features and sedimentary characteristics, it is suggested that the paleoclimate was warm and humid at that time. The Buqu
Formation is a promising target for oil and gas exploration in Shuanghu-Duoyong area in future.
Sponsored by National ‘Ninth Five Year Plan’ Science and Technology Project (970204-01-01). 相似文献
9.
The knowledge of contemporary climatic change over the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau (QXP) has been inadequate for a long
time due to lack of enough observational data. In this paper, on the basis of monthly temperature and precipitation data in
1961–1990 from 48 stations on the QXP, the temperature data are extended backward to 1901 with an empirical orthogonal function
(EOF) method, microscopic characteristics of contemporary climatic change over the QXP are analyzed, and the response of the
plateau climate to global warming is discussed in combination with atmospheric general circulation model (GCM) outputs. The
results show that the plateau climate, as a whole, has been warming since the early part of this century, that the precipitation
has generally been increasing during the recent 30 years, and that these climatic trends seem to be related to the enhanced
green-house effect induced by increasing CO2 concentration in the atmosphere.
This work is supported by the National and CAS (the Chinese Academy of Sciences) Tibet Research Project. 相似文献
10.
ＲＥＬＡＴＩＯＮＳＨＩＰＢＥＴＷＥＥＮＱＩＮＧＨＡＩＬＡＫＥＬＥＶＥＬＤＥＳＣＥＮＤＩＮＧＡＮＤＡＲＴＩＦＩＣＩＡＬＷＡＴＥＲ－ＣＯＮＳＵＭＰＴＩＯＮ￥ＰｅｎｇＭｉｎ（彭敏）ＣｈｅｎＧｕｉｃｈｅｎ（陈桂琛）ＺｈｏｕＬｉｈｕａ（周立华）（Ｎｏｒｔｈｗｅ... 相似文献
11.
积雪是地表最活跃的自然要素之一,其动态变化对气候、环境以及人类生活都产生了重要影响。本文利用MODIS积雪产品和IMS雪冰产品,首先通过Terra、Aqua双星合成和临近日合成去除MODIS积雪产品中的部分云像元,再与IMS融合,获取了青藏高原2002-2012年逐日无云积雪覆盖产品,并逐像元计算每个水文年的积雪覆盖日数（SCD）、积雪开始期（SCS）和积雪结束期（SCE）,分析了不同生态分区积雪的时空变化特征,以及积雪开始期和结束期与温度、降水的关系。结果表明：青藏高原积雪分布存在明显的空间差异,南部喜马拉雅山脉和念青唐古拉山地区以及西部帕米尔高原和喀喇昆仑山脉为SCD的2个高值区,年均积雪日数在200 d以上。18.1%的区域SCS表现出明显的提前趋势,主要集中在青藏高原中东部;羌塘高原南部、念青唐古拉山西段以及川西地区有显著推迟趋势,占高原面积的8.5%。23.2%的区域SCE显著推迟,主要集中在果洛那曲高寒区、昆仑山区和念青唐古拉山地区;而仅有6.9%的区域表现出提前趋势,主要分布在高原西南部。总体上,不同生态单元内积雪开始与结束期受温度、降水的影响差异很大,表现出不同的空间格局与演变趋势。 相似文献
12.
自新生代印度板块的块持续碰撞与俯冲作用下,青藏高原经历了快速隆升与复杂的岩石圈改造过程,但高原现今的垂向动力学机制和地壳形变特征仍然存在争议。基于非均一有效弹性厚度的挠曲模型,利用地形和地球重力场模型数据,计算了青藏高原及邻区的挠曲均衡重力异常。结果显示,青藏高原的均衡重力异常在-120~90 mGal之间,高原中部为明显的正异常特征,边缘为显著的均衡负异常。极小值出现在青藏高原西北部及其相邻的帕米尔高原,极大值则出现在与之紧邻的喜马拉雅块体西北部。此外,在青藏高原北面和东面,塔里木盆地和四川盆地显示出大片的均衡正异常。这些特征说明青藏高原及邻区地壳现今处于非均衡的状态,在板块碰撞挤压作用下,老的块体地壳整体发生抬升,导致了均衡正异常特征;而年轻的造山区域,地壳形变主要表现为地表抬升与下地壳强烈增厚,形成了均衡负异常。在高原中部和北部,均衡调整方向与地壳垂向运动趋势相一致;但在高原南面（喜马拉雅块体）和东面（四川盆地）,均衡调整方向与地表形变观测结果相反。这说明印度板块碰撞与俯冲仍然控制着青藏高原南部、东部及其相邻块体的地壳形变过程,然而在更北的区域,地壳正通过均衡调整恢复均衡状态。 相似文献
13.
青藏高原均衡重力异常研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据重力异常图等有关资料，研究了青藏高原均衡重力异常的分布特征与地质构造、地壳新构造运动间的关系，结果表明：（１）高原内各块体的均衡状态并不均一，而且异常幅值大小与地壳的相对隆起或沉降程度相关；（２）高原均衡异常同强地震分布有较密切的联系 相似文献
14.
Wang Jianli 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1997,8(1):85-90
Estimates of the palaeo-subaerial wind direction were studied systematically for the first time by using the anisotropy of
loess magnetic susceptibility (AMS) measurements in the northwestern China. One hundred and forty undisturbed oriented aeolian
loess samples were collected from Lanzhou, Linxia and Wudu areas for AMS measurements, which indicated the subaerial wind
directions were not the same while the loess deposited. From the Early Pleistocene to Middle Pleistocene till Late Pleistocene,
the wind direction experienced an anticlockwise rotation in the studied area. We suggested this change was related to the
uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and the adjustment of current and landform effects. 相似文献
15.
CLIMATIC VARIATIONS IN CHINA OVER THE LAST 2000 YEARS 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
1 INTRODUCTIONIn the last years, evidence for climate changes showed that the timing of the two great climatic events of “Medieval Warm Period” (MWP) and “Little Ice Age” (LIA) differed geographically (HUGHES et al., 1994, JONES and BRADLEY, 1992). In other words, the cold or warm periods in one region were often not coincident with those in other regions. The Northern Hemisphere warmth degree in the Middle Ages was lower than or at most comparable to that in the mid-20… 相似文献
16.
Zhao Kuiyi 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1997,8(1):44-52
The southern part of the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau and its adjacent area are rich in mire flora. There are 51 families,
101 genera and 220 species. The geographical compositions of this region are very complex, consisting of the following-geographical
elements: tropic-subtropic elements approximating to 8.33% of the entire flora in the region, tropic-temperate elements 22.71%,
temperate elements 43.18%, cosmopolitan elements 9.85%, the Qinghai-Xizang endemic elements 14.39%, north polemountain elements
1.51%. Temperate elements in this region are dominant. The dominant species of mires, Carex lasiocarpa, in this region is also found in northeast China, Finland and North America. The origin of mires of this region is earlier
than northeast China and Finland. This shows that the southern part of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and its adjacent areas may
be the centre of the origin and distribution of temperate elements. 相似文献
17.
青藏高原大气热源气候特征的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和小波分析方法分析研究了1950-2005年青藏高原大气热源气候特征和变化特征,主要结论包括:(1)夏季青藏高原东部大气热源的强度明显较西部大.6月份,高原东部热源的强度是高原西部的近两倍,7月份的值也比西部大了40%以上.(2)青藏高原全区、东部和西部逐年平均的大气热源有明显不同的变化特征.高原全区年平均大气热源的变化主要是一个14年的时间尺度;高原东部不仅有14年的主要时间变化尺度,同时还有一个非常显著的2.6年的时间变化尺度;高原西部则不同,是一个不明显的1-2年的时间尺度. 相似文献
18.
Introduction A set of reddish clay-silt-sized sediments named red clay underlying the Quaternary loess-paleosol sequence widely distribute in the Chinese Loess Plateau. The thickness of the red clay sediments ranges from decades of meters to over 100 m (Evan et al.1991,Mo and Derbyshire 1991, SUN et al. 1997&1998, DING et al. 1999, GUO et al. 2001, QIANG et al. 2001). Previous studies show that not only loess-paleosol (e.g.LIU et al.1985,AN et al.1990,DING et al.1992),but also red … 相似文献
19.
IMPACT OF ROAD CONSTRUCTION ON VEGETATION ALONGSIDE QINGHAI-XIZANG HIGHWAY AND RAILWAY 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
CHENHui LShuang-cheng ZHANGYi-li 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2003,13(4):340-346
Based on the field investigation in August 2001 and August 2002, digital China Vegetation Map in 2001 and Qinghai-Xizang(Tibet) Plateau Vegetation Regionalization Map in 1996, vegetation characteristics along two sides of Qinghai-Xizang highway and railway are studied in this paper. Meanwhile, the impact of Qinghai-Xizang highway and railway constructions on the vegetation types are analyzed using ARCVIEW. ARC/1NFO and PATCH ANALYSIS. It was found that: 1) Qinghai-Xizang highway and railway span 9 latitudes, 12 longitudes and 6 physical geographic regions (East Qinghai and Qilian mountain steppe region, Qaidam mountain desert region,South Qinghai-Xizang alpine meadow steppe region. Qiangtang alpine steppe region, Golog-Nagqu alpine shrubmeadow region and South Xizang mountain shrub steppe region); 2) the construction of Qinghai-Xizang highway and railway destroyed natural vegetation and landscape, especially in 50m-wide buffer regions along both sides of the roads, it was estimated that the net primary productivity deceased by about 30 504.62t/a and the gross biomass deceased by 432 919.25-1 436 104.3t. The losing primary productivity accounted for 5.70% of the annual primary productivity within lkm-wide buffer regions (535 005.07-535 740.11t/a), and only 0.80%-0.89% of that within 10km-wide buffer regions (3 408 950.45-3 810 480.92t/a). The losing gross biomass was about 9.47%-17.06% of the gross biomass within lkm-wide buffer regions (7 502 971.85-25 488 342.71t), and only 1.47%-2.94% of that within 10km-wide buffer regions (43 615 065.35-164 150 665.37t). 相似文献
20.
The largest Mesozoic northward transgression in Qangtang Basin of Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau occurred during the Buqu Stage, Middle Jurassic. Mainly filled with carbonate rocks, the whole basin is composed of transgression-regression sedimentary cycle. Field outcrops and indoor analysis revealed 8 types of sedimentary facies markers in this region. 4 types of sedimentary facies have been recognized: platform facies,platform marginal facies, foreslope facies and basin facies. Influenced by the northern Lazhuglung-Jinshajiang suture zone, central uplift region and southern Bangongco-Nujiang suture zone, these facies belts extended east-west. The sedimentary model was established based on observed depositional features. From their biological features and sedimentary characteristics, it is suggested that the paleoclimate was warm and humid at that time.The Buqu Formation is a promising target for oil and gas exploration in Shuanghu-Duoyong area in future. 相似文献